黑人是晒黑的吗_Indibiome是新的黑人

黑人是晒黑的吗

Indibiome is discussed in my previous paper in Russian (link). Shortly indibiome is indigenous microbiome, like indigenous people, term is used below in the meaning «inherent to the media, localised and optimised for sustainable existence»).

在我之前的论文中，俄语中讨论了土著生物( 链接 )。 不久，土著生物组就是土著微生物组，与土著人民一样，以下使用的术语是“固有于媒体，针对可持续生存进行了本地化和优化的”。

Microbes have always been there, however technologies allowing efficient microbes manipulation and accumulated genetic and experimental data on variety of microbial communities has been on the rise only last decade. Below is my concept of interdisciplinary «indibiome bureau» and you are most welcome to give feedback.

微生物一直存在，然而，仅在最近十年中，允许有效操作微生物以及各种微生物群落的遗传和实验数据积累的技术一直在增加。 以下是我的跨学科“土著生物局”的概念，非常欢迎您提供反馈。

Computer and electronics applications are designed starting from the needs: the problem is stated first, following solution is engineered as a sum of latest and cost efficient materials, elements, software libraries and existing devices. In the microbial world things are still working differently mostly — one finds outstanding microbial property (enzyme able to work at higher temperature, ability to bug off other harmful microbes etc.) and then tries to build an application with that one property. In terms of cause and effect — we first observe the effect and then try to manipulate cause (microbe) into any feasible application. This mostly produces solutions where the microbes are the main part, and rarely there is the sum of technologies, it is like producing microchips in new form factors, but not having proper mother boards or software developers kits aimed at using full potential.

计算机和电子应用程序的设计从需求开始：首先说明问题，然后将以下解决方案设计为最新且具有成本效益的材料，元件，软件库和现有设备的总和。 在微生物世界中，事物的工作原理仍然大不相同-人们发现了出色的微生物特性(能够在更高温度下工作的酶，能够驱除其他有害微生物的能力等)，然后尝试构建具有该特性的应用程序。 就因果关系而言，我们首先观察其影响，然后尝试将因果(微生物)应用于任何可行的应用程序中。 这主要产生以微生物为主要成分的解决方案，而很少有技术的总和，这就像以新的外形尺寸生产微芯片一样，却没有合适的母板或旨在充分发挥潜力的软件开发套件。

A little notion of difference between microbes and indibiome in the context, indibiome is set of different microbes arranged in sustainable composition supported my microbial interactions. It is the microbes we have studied the most and a lot of these knowledge has been unbodied in the technologies, while microbiome understanding is far from complete, due to complexity arising from multitude of interactions. In terms of applications we normally use microbes for production: biodegradables, drugs (like insulin), food and alcohol fermentation etc. or as a source of new molecules for med- and bio- tech. Microbiomes (consortia of bacteria) are mostly considered together with the niche they occupy — gut microbiome and gut, skin microbiome and skin, lake microbiome and lake and so on, we mostly aim at solutions beneficial for niche when we try to tackle microbiomes, in other words the general approach is solving the problem of niche through adding, improving, manipulating microbiome in it. Great hint in selecting configuration microbiome could be indigenous microbiome of the area — indibiome, for instance a lot brands in vaginal care take inspiration in latest vaginal microbiome research (link to my Russian paper touching base).

在上下文中，微生物和土著生物之间的区别有点概念，土著生物是一组以可持续组成排列的不同微生物的集合，这些微生物支持了我的微生物相互作用。 这是我们研究最多的微生物，并且这些技术中尚无很多知识，而微生物组的理解还远远不够完整，这是由于多种相互作用导致的复杂性。 在应用方面，我们通常使用微生物进行生产：可生物降解的物质，药物(如胰岛素)，食品和酒精发酵等，或作为医学和生物技术新分子的来源。 人们通常将微生物群(细菌群落)与它们所占据的生态位一起考虑-肠道微生物群和肠道，皮肤微生物群和皮肤，湖泊微生物群和湖泊等，当我们尝试解决微生物群时，我们主要针对有益于生态位的解决方案。换句话说，一般的方法是通过添加，改进，操纵微生物组来解决生态位问题。 选择构型微生物组的一个很好的提示可能是该地区的本地微生物组。例如，土著人群，例如许多阴道护理品牌都从最新的阴道微生物组研究中汲取了灵感( 链接到我的俄罗斯纸制基础)。

First steps have been made in healthcare, as gut microbiome and gut appeared to be on of the fundamental parts of the human health, other directions are soil and skin — anywhere an open system aiming at sustainability indibiome solutions could be applied. Going further one might be interested in indibiomes of buildings, cars, clothes, pets. Wherever it would solve problems, for instance food production security using factory building indibiome or hospital acquired diseases protection using chamber indibiome, or making pet less allergenic.

卫生保健方面已迈出了第一步，因为肠道微生物组和肠道似乎是人类健康的基本组成部分，其他方向是土壤和皮肤-可以应用旨在可持续发展的土著人群的开放系统。 更进一步，人们可能会对建筑物，汽车，衣服，宠物的土著生物感兴趣。 无论在哪里解决问题，例如使用工厂建筑的食品安全性食品生产安全性或使用室内食品的生物安全性医院获得疾病的保护，或降低宠物的过敏性。

Harnessing microbiome complexity only looks feasible with multidisciplinary approaches. Once problem related to the niche is chosen: bioinformatics and literature search will narrow down the search, molecular biology will be used for lab testing and manipulation, engineered systems modelling the original niche should be used (where through the ability of sensors the model could be digitalised) and finally microbiome should be delivered using approaches form material science. This could form even de novo indigenous microbiomes.

利用微生物学的复杂性只能通过多学科的方法来解决。 一旦选择了与利基相关的问题：生物信息学和文献搜索将缩小搜索范围，分子生物学将用于实验室测试和操作，应使用对原始利基进行建模的工程系统(通过传感器的能力，模型可以数字化)，最后应使用材料科学的方法来提供微生物组。 这甚至可以构成从头开始的土著微生物群落。

All the aforementioned facts lead us to the concept of microbiome design bureau. Industrial design and prototyping services are working like this already: one comes with the blueprints of electronic solution and a company designs a plate, designs and 3D prints the device shell, assembles a prototype and produces internal operating software or connects it to the cloud. But it all started with a problem to solve and some idea of how to make it. Late 2020 microbial technologies are not a rocket science any more, growing bacteria and cloning them are as available to everyone as buying microchips and tinkering, the solution can be piloted in few months type.

所有上述事实使我们想到了微生物组设计局的概念。 工业设计和原型设计服务已经像这样工作：一个带有电子解决方案的蓝图，一个公司设计一个板，设计并用3D打印设备外壳，组装原型，生产内部操作软件或将其连接到云。 但这一切都始于要解决的问题以及如何实现的一些想法。 2020年末微生物技术不再是一门火箭科学，越来越多的细菌和克隆细菌的购买和购买微芯片和修补一样对所有人都可用，该解决方案可以在几个月后进行试行。

At the moment technology drivers here are academic institutions, mostly progressing as spin-off projects with main project scientists on board. This normally happens when the scientific group thinks of an application for the discovered effect and proactively pushes forward. While this is normal in areas like for example photonics where research is scoped for applications, in the microbial world this is still lacking. Potentially these academic advances in microbial science contain varieties of solutions to existing problems.

目前，这里的技术驱动力是学术机构，大多数都是作为附带项目进行的，主要项目科学家也在其中。 这通常在科学小组考虑应用发现的效应并积极推进时发生。 尽管这在诸如光子学这样的领域中是很正常的，但研究范围仅限于应用，但在微生物世界中，这仍然是缺乏的。 微生物科学的这些学术进步可能包含各种解决现有问题的方法。

While the core of the solution will be coming from the field of microbiome even more exciting is the “coating”. Complementing pieces might come from:

虽然解决方案的核心将来自微生物组领域，但更令人兴奋的是“涂层”。 互补件可能来自：

Biodegradables — often serve as a vehicle for continuous delivery, materials can be designed for selective degradation by certain bacteria only and therefore act as therapeutical agent

可生物降解的物质-通常用作连续输送的载体，可以将材料设计为仅被某些细菌选择性降解，因此可以作为治疗剂

Microfluidics — lab on chip solutions which already using bacteria as sensors or producers

微流体技术—芯片实验室解决方案，已经使用细菌作为传感器或生产者

Data science — like digital agriculture and soil microbiomes maps used for soil improvement strategy

数据科学-例如用于土壤改良策略的数字农业和土壤微生物组图

Bioinformatics — can potentially design a new microbiome from bacteria with known genomes — so that enable completely new metabolic circuits

生物信息学-可以从已知基因组的细菌中设计出新的微生物组-从而实现全新的代谢循环

Fermentation technologies — fermentation processes can turn inedible food into nutritious and functional

发酵技术-发酵过程可以将不可食用的食物转化为营养和功能性食品

核心专业知识 (The core expertise)

The core expertise of bureau lies in the microbial applications i.e. understanding technological pipelines in variety of industries already using microbials. This would allow team to avoid industry based approach (i.e. only medical or oil mining) and apply successful ideas acres industries.

该局的核心专业知识在于微生物应用，即了解已经使用微生物的各种行业中的技术管道。 这将使团队避免采用基于行业的方法(即仅医疗或石油开采)，并将成功的想法应用于英亩的行业。

Cross-industrial team has to be engineer level rather then Nobel prize winners, as shown in introduction. Proficiencies of the team should include: microbial cultivation, fermentation, organic chemistry of biodegradables, medical devices, soil microbiome …

如简介所示，跨行业团队必须是工程师级别，而不是诺贝尔奖获得者。 团队的能力应包括：微生物培养，发酵，生物可降解物的有机化学，医疗设备，土壤微生物组……

While core expertise think tank would scout for initial solutions, business developer should be able to estimate costs and market value, iteratively increasing precision as the pilot is carried out.

尽管核心专业知识库会寻找初始解决方案，但业务开发人员应该能够估算成本和市场价值，并随着试验的进行不断地提高精度。

Marketing and IP specialist should be used as consultants from the first stages of product concept.

从产品概念的第一阶段起，就应该使用市场营销和IP专家作为顾问。

For the most part proposed microbial solution would not be blue oceans in terms of totally new markets, they would have to enter market of non-microbial solutions and show better efficacy. More to that sustainability ingrained in microbial solution should be used to gain the market:

就全新的市场而言，大多数提议的微生物解决方案将不会是一片蓝海，它们将不得不进入非微生物解决方案市场并表现出更好的功效。 不仅如此，微生物解决方案中根深蒂固的可持续性还可以用来赢得市场：

like microbiome skin-cream would not only deliver nutrition, but create a new type of self sustainable skin microbiome, up to the point where initial create is not needed. New idea for the market is that you don’t have to be hooked up me many products for lifetime, you can create a sustainable system, which just needs tackling from time to time. Microbial systems recreated on your skin or in your garden as opposed to chemicals producing factories, storages, transportation.

就像微生物组护肤霜一样，它不仅可以提供营养，而且可以创建一种新型的自我可持续的皮肤微生物组，直至不需要初始创建的程度。 市场的新想法是，您不必终生为我迷上许多产品，您可以创建一个可持续发展的系统，只需要不时解决。 微生物系统在您的皮肤或花园中重现，与化学物质生产工厂，储存库和运输系统相反。

Perspective markets to explore for solutions are skin care, vaginal flora, cleaning (home and industrial), fermented food products. In this areas team should gain understanding of level microbial and non-microbial solutions and unmet needs. Question posed here — if and how microbiome could change the process?

寻求解决方案的透视市场是皮肤护理，阴道菌群，清洁(家庭和工业)，发酵食品。 在此领域，团队应了解微生物和非微生物解决方案的水平以及未满足的需求。 这里提出的问题-微生物组是否以及如何改变这一过程？

It would be wise to keep distance from medical microbiomes especially in the gut area as this field is extremely competitive, very strictly regulated, includes expensive human trials, and with longest time to market. The only plausible exception here is using combinations of microbes already in clinical practice and delivery options already tested, i.e. combination of approved techs is close to market. Markets on the periphery of the medical — sanitation, food and cosmetics are very marginal and tendencies there sustainability, ecology friendly, lean production and consumption.

与医学微生物组保持距离尤其明智，尤其是在肠道区域，因为该领域竞争异常激烈，受到严格监管，包括昂贵的人体试验且上市时间最长。 这里唯一可能的例外是使用已经在临床实践中使用的微生物组合以及已经过测试的交付选项，即，已批准技术的组合已接近市场。 医疗外围的市场-卫生，食品和化妆品市场非常薄弱，并且具有可持续性，生态友好，精益生产和消费的趋势。

Products on this market could have medically relevant “side-effects”: room cleaning compound might improve air quality or skin cream could help with skin diseases, those properties should be clinically tested as the product is maturing, naturally we would expect those to be with sustainable microbiome solutions.

这个市场上的产品可能具有医学上的“副作用”：房间清洁化合物可能会改善空气质量，或者护肤霜可以帮助治疗皮肤疾病，这些性能应在产品成熟后进行临床测试，我们自然希望它们与可持续的微生物组解决方案。

After exploring aforementioned markets think tanks first goal is to propose microbial solution. On that level solution might be based on hypothetical microbial properties which are to be found in nature or tested in the lab. Complementary technologies serving for microbial delivery on this step might allow to generate market value and produce properties absent in rivals. Interestingly IP might be exact intersection of microbial and complementary techs. Over more through Bureau experience growing it would be able to implement similar solutions across projects — this is exactly the value of the Bureau — developing a framework for microbial application.

在探索了上述市场之后，智囊团的首要目标是提出微生物解决方案。 在此级别上，解决方案可能基于自然界中发现的或在实验室中测试过的假设微生物特性。 在此步骤中，用于微生物传递的互补技术可能会产生市场价值并产生竞争对手所缺乏的特性。 有趣的是，IP可能是微生物和互补技术的精确交集。 通过主席团的经验积累，不仅仅可以在整个项目中实施类似的解决方案(这恰好是主席团的价值)，还可以开发微生物应用框架。

Scientific advisory board and scientific peers are next point of discussion for the solution. Using published papers, genetic data and human networks project solution is to be discussed, criticised and adjusted. One of the chances is getting a project specific scientist onboard in the project development process — this gives a marketing value, and those scientists would be able to stay when the Bureau part will be finished.

科学顾问委员会和科学同行是该解决方案的下一个讨论点。 将使用已发表的论文讨论，批评和调整遗传数据和人类网络项目解决方案。 机会之一就是在项目开发过程中聘请一位特定于项目的科学家-这具有市场价值，而当主席团部分完成时，这些科学家将能够留下来。

Next step is laboratory testing. For Bureau already running the best is to have own microbial lab, however first steps could be totally done through subcontracting, or working in a co-working laboratories available in the major cities. The result of the laboratory testing stage is confirmation of properties and pre-pilot checks, ideally confirming that unassembled product works in vitro and it is worth making a pilot.

下一步是实验室测试。 对于已经运行最好的局来说，拥有自己的微生物实验室是可行的，但是第一步可以完全通过分包或在主要城市的合作实验室工作来完成。 实验室测试阶段的结果是对特性进行确认并进行试点检查，理想地确认未组装的产品可以在体外工作，值得进行试点。

开始需要什么 (What is needed for start)

Team capable of initial preliminary work is needed. Work would include technology and market analysis, for the below proposed markets and solutions. 3-4 people able to analyse marketing, FMCG market, med devices, nutrition additives have to decide on the feasibility of projects in the areas proposed.

需要能够进行初步准备工作的团队。 工作将包括针对以下提议的市场和解决方案的技术和市场分析。 3-4位能够分析市场营销，快速消费品市场，医疗器械，营养添加剂的人员必须决定所提议领域中项目的可行性。

技术转让，客户导向和持续反馈 (Tech-transfer, client orientation and continuous feedback)

While creating microbial product team should keep track of possible corporate clients to buy out the technology and at the same time being close to final product user and tracking the focus group response. Next part is a trials, for some products trials are required (like food and cosmetics), however for others those should be done by Bureau to allow to compare efficacy compared to non-microbial solutions, if those exist.

在创建微生物产品团队时，应跟踪可能的公司客户购买该技术的过程，同时与最终产品用户保持密切联系，并跟踪焦点小组的React。 下一部分是试验，对于某些产品(例如食品和化妆品)，需要进行试验，但是对于其他产品，则应由局进行，以比较非微生物溶液(如果存在)的功效。

Product prototype, design plan, production economics, marketing and sales plan, IP protection plan, trial outcomes — all this is the final stage of work in a Bureau. This technology is ideally licensed, sold or being co-developed further with corporate or VC partner.

产品原型，设计计划，生产经济学，营销和销售计划，知识产权保护计划，试验结果-所有这些都是局级工作的最后阶段。 该技术是与公司或VC合作伙伴理想的许可，出售或共同开发的技术。

市场与解决方案 (Markets and solutions )

Vaginal wellbeing

阴道健康

Problem: inefficient probiotic delivery

问题：益生菌输送效率低下

Solution: biodegradable probiotic delivery system

解决方案：可生物降解的益生菌输送系统

Oral care

口腔护理

Problem: printed caps and gum health

问题：印刷的帽子和牙龈健康

Solution: insole for printed caps with probiotics, (3D smile could be a great partner )

解决方案：带有益生菌的印刷帽的鞋垫( 3D微笑可能是很好的合作伙伴)

Skin care

皮肤护理

Problem: unsustainable effects of creams

问题：面霜的效果不可持续

Solution: cream containing new skin microbiome (SPLAT could be a great partner)

解决方案：含有新的皮肤微生物组的面霜(SPLAT可能是很好的合作伙伴)

Nutrition

营养

Problem: lack of food fibre in food

问题：食物中缺乏食物纤维

Solution: microbiome snack bar components (BITE could be a great partner)

解决方案：微生物组零食棒组件(BITE可能是很好的合作伙伴)

Cleaning

清洁用品

Problem: Infections in the hospitals

问题：医院感染

Solution: Probiotic cleaning components for sustainable protection (PIP is already doing that)

解决方案：益生菌清洁成分可实现可持续保护( PIP已在这样做)

Solution2: in-house reactor for cleaning liquid production

解决方案2：内部React器，用于生产清洁液

翻译自: https://habr.com/en/post/449612/

黑人是晒黑的吗