防病毒会降低PC的速度吗？ 也许您应该使用排除项

Protecting your computer with an antivirus solution is par for the course when you’re dealing with a Windows PC, but unfortunately it slows you down at the same time. Here’s how to improve your performance, at least a little bit.

在使用Windows PC时，使用防病毒解决方案保护计算机是正常的做法，但是不幸的是，这同时会使您的速度变慢。 这是至少一点点提高性能的方法。

We’re not going to sit here and tell you to go without antivirus, since that would be irresponsible. What we’re going to do today is explain how you can exclude certain folders with write-heavy operations to speed up your PC without putting yourself into extra danger.

我们不会坐在这里告诉您不要使用防病毒软件，因为那是不负责任的。 我们今天要做的是解释如何通过大量写操作排除某些文件夹，以加快PC的速度，而不会给自己带来额外的危险。

Note: Before you start excluding any files, you keep in mind that changing any of the default security settings could be risky, and you should probably close the browser tab and run away. Or maybe print off the article and burn it.  Also, the image is by xkcd

注意：在开始排除任何文件之前，请记住，更改任何默认的安全设置可能会有风险，因此您可能应关闭浏览器选项卡并逃之run。 或者打印掉文章并刻录。 另外，我的法师是xkcd

您应该排除哪些文件？ (What Files Should You Exclude?)

The general idea is that if you have some applications that are writing to the hard drive constantly, you should probably exclude the folders they are writing or reading from, as long as those applications are trusted and safe.

通常的想法是，如果您有一些正在不断写入硬盘驱动器的应用程序，则只要这些应用程序受信任且安全，就应该排除它们正在写入或读取的文件夹。

For example, if you’re using a virtual machine, which does both reads and writes from the hard drive on a fairly constant basis, you should make sure your antivirus application is not scanning those files and folders. Here’s a few examples of some things you may consider excluding:

例如，如果您使用的虚拟机会在相当恒定的基础上进行读写操作，则应确保防病毒应用程序没有扫描这些文件和文件夹。 以下是一些您可以考虑排除的某些示例：

• Virtual Machine Directories: If you’re using VMware or VirtualBox, you should make sure those locations are excluded. This is actually what prompted this article, and probably the only significant performance boost out of the things we’re mentioning.

  虚拟机目录：如果使用的是VMware或VirtualBox，则应确保排除这些位置。 这实际上是促使本文发展的原因，并且可能是我们所提到的事情中唯一显着的性能提升。

• Subversion / TortoiseSVN Folders: Have you ever tried to do a big checkout of a source control project and had it fail? There’s a good chance that it’s conflicting with your antivirus application. This one has personally happened to me.

  Subversion / TortoiseSVN文件夹：您是否曾经尝试过对源代码管理项目进行大量签出，但失败了吗？ 它很有可能与您的防病毒应用程序冲突。 这是我个人发生的事情。

• Personal Photo/Video Folders: Got you have a massive library of photos or videos that you’ve taken with your digital camera? As long as you only use this location for files copied from your SD card, there’s no reason to be scanning it and slowing your PC down while doing photo editing.

  个人照片/视频文件夹：您是否拥有使用数码相机拍摄的大量照片或视频库？ 只要您仅使用此位置存储从SD卡复制的文件，就无需在进行照片编辑时对其进行扫描并降低PC速度。

• Legitimate Music Folders: If you’re downloading music from shady sources, this does not apply. If you’ve ripped your own CDs or downloaded from somewhere legitimate like Amazon, then you can safely exclude your music folder.

  合法的音乐文件夹：如果您是从不可靠的来源下载音乐，则此方法不适用。 如果您翻录了自己的CD或从合法的地方(如Amazon)下载了音乐，则可以放心地删除音乐文件夹。

• Windows Update Folders: This actually comes straight out of a Microsoft KB article—you’ll notice that they don’t recommend it, because they can’t do that in case somebody writes a special virus for the purpose of suing them, but the same principle applies.

  Windows Update文件夹：这实际上来自Microsoft KB文章-您会注意到他们不推荐这样做，因为如果有人为了起诉而编写了特殊病毒，他们就不会这样做。同样的原则适用。

Other Scenarios

其他情况

There’s a nearly infinite number of applications and scenarios for everybody’s PC, so it’s hard to say exactly what is going to work on your PC—but there’s a way you can figure it out for yourself using Process Monitor, the great tool from Sysinternals at Microsoft.

每个人的PC都有几乎无限的应用程序和方案，因此很难确切说明PC上将要运行的功能，但是您可以使用Process Monitor (Microsoft Sysinternals的出色工具)自己找出解决方案。

Just open up Process Monitor, and then “uncheck” all of the little icons on the right-hand side of the toolbar, leaving only the “Show File System Activity” one checked. At this point you’ll see loads and loads of items in the list, with every access to the file system.

只需打开Process Monitor，然后“取消选中”工具栏右侧的所有小图标，仅选中“显示文件系统活动”即可。 此时，您将在列表中看到项目的加载和加载，以及对文件系统的每次访问。

You can use this data to figure out which applications are constantly reading and writing to the hard drive, and then based on the safety of those files, you can choose whether or not to exclude them.

您可以使用此数据来确定哪些应用程序正在不断读写硬盘，然后根据这些文件的安全性来选择是否排除它们。

Don’t Exclude File Types, Exclude Folders

不排除文件类型，排除文件夹

When you exclude a filename or file extension, you are telling your antivirus software to completely ignore those files anywhere on your system, which could cause a security problem. It’s a much better bet to exclude a particular folder that you know is safe, like your virtual machine folders.

当排除文件名或文件扩展名时，就是在告诉防病毒软件完全忽略系统中任何位置的那些文件，这可能会导致安全问题。 最好排除一个您知道安全的特定文件夹，例如虚拟机文件夹。

Always Scan Files from the Internet

始终从Internet扫描文件

I’ll start by saying this should go without saying… which always seems to be said anyway… but you should make absolutely certain to scan any files that come from anywhere on the internet, and especially when those files come from torrents or other similar sources rife with viruses.

我首先要说的是，这应该不用说……反正总是这样……但是您应该绝对确定要扫描来自互联网上任何地方的任何文件，尤其是当这些文件来自洪流或其他类似来源时病毒泛滥。

All Antivirus Applications Work Differently

所有防病毒应用程序的工作方式不同

The next thing to mention is that not every antivirus application is going to work the same way—for instance, by default, AVG only scans a specific set of file extensions, and files with no extensions. There’s no way to tell—without benchmarking, at least—whether excluding folders will make a performance difference if they don’t scan those extensions.

接下来要提到的是，并不是每个防病毒应用程序都可以以相同的方式工作—例如，默认情况下，AVG仅扫描一组特定的文件扩展名，而没有扩展名的文件。 至少没有基准测试，没有办法说出如果不扫描文件夹，排除文件夹是否会对性能产生影响。

Some other anti-virus applications, however, don’t limit themselves to specific file types, so you’ll need to dig into the settings for your particular application.

但是，其他一些防病毒应用程序并不局限于特定的文件类型，因此您需要深入了解特定应用程序的设置。

从Microsoft Security Essentials中排除文件 (Excluding Files from Microsoft Security Essentials)

Microsoft Security Essentials makes it real simple to exclude files—just head into the Settings, choose Excluded files & locations on the left-hand side, and then add folders into the list on the right-hand side.

Microsoft Security Essentials使排除文件变得非常简单-只需进入“设置”，在左侧选择“排除的文件和位置”，然后将文件夹添加到右侧的列表中即可。

You’ll probably notice that MSE doesn’t slow your system down very much anyway.

您可能会注意到，MSE并不会使您的系统变慢。

从AVG Anti-Virus排除文件 (Excluding Files from AVG Anti-Virus)

As we mentioned earlier, AVG works a little differently—if you head into Tools –> Advanced settings…

如前所述，AVG的工作方式略有不同-如果您进入工具->高级设置…

Then head to Resident Shield –> Advanced Settings to see the list of file types that are currently being scanned. You’ll notice that AVG always scans files with no extensions, which shouldn’t normally pose a problem, but depending on the applications you’re using there might be a problem.

然后转到Resident Shield –>高级设置以查看当前正在扫描的文件类型列表。 您会注意到，AVG始终扫描不带扩展名的文件，通常这不会造成问题，但是取决于您使用的应用程序，可能会出现问题。

You can switch to the Resident Shield –> Excluded Items to add in folders or specific files to exclude from scanning.

您可以切换到Resident Shield –>排除的项目，以添加到文件夹或特定文件中以排除扫描。

We’re not going to cover every other antivirus application, but they all pretty much work the same. Also, we prefer Microsoft Security Essentials.

我们不会涵盖所有其他防病毒应用程序，但是它们几乎都可以相同地工作。 此外，我们更喜欢Microsoft Security Essentials。

有趣的相关故事 (Funny Related Story)

About 10 years ago, when I was still fairly new at the vaporware company I was working for at the time, the ILOVEYOU worm attacked our email system, crushing our Microsoft Exchange server with an overload of emails, and then the worst possible thing happened—our email server became corrupted. The IT staff ran the recovery tools, which fixed the problem and all was well… for a few hours until it became corrupted again. And again.

大约10年前，当我还在当时所从事的蒸气软件公司中还很年轻时， ILOVEYOU蠕虫攻击了我们的电子邮件系统，用大量电子邮件破坏了Microsoft Exchange服务器，然后发生了最糟糕的事情-我们的电子邮件服务器已损坏。 IT人员运行了恢复工具，该工具可以修复问题，并且一切都很好……持续了几个小时，直到再次损坏为止。 然后再次。

After a couple days of this problem, I finally popped my head in the door and asked to take a look. Sure enough, the problem became very clear within minutes.

经过几天的这个问题，我终于把头撞在门上，要求看看。 果然，问题在几分钟之内就变得很清楚了。

That’s right. You guessed it…

那就对了。 你猜到了…

They had installed the desktop edition of Norton Antivirus on the email server, and they didn’t exclude the database folder for Exchange. Virus-laden emails came into the Exchange database, and then Norton proceeded to rip them right out of the database itself, corrupting the files badly in the process.

他们已经在电子邮件服务器上安装了桌面版的Norton Antivirus，并且没有排除Exchange的数据库文件夹。 携带病毒的电子邮件进入Exchange数据库，然后Norton继续将其从数据库本身中删除，从而严重破坏了文件。

Of course, I removed Norton and proceeded to grab a reputable antivirus plugin for Microsoft Exchange, which cleaned the emails the proper way, and all was well. Until the brilliant IT person installed Norton again. *sigh*  At least I got a promotion out of it.

当然，我删除了Norton并继续使用Microsoft Exchange的著名防病毒插件，该插件以正确的方式清理了电子邮件，一切都很好。 直到出色的IT人员再次安装Norton。 *叹**至少我得到了晋升。

总结：使用此提示的风险自负 (Wrapping Up: Use This Tip At Your Own Risk)

Just to wrap up, and as we said earlier, forget that you read this article, and if you get a virus don’t blame us. This especially applies if you’re not really sure what you’re doing—this probably isn’t something you should mess with.

总结一下，就像我们前面说的，忘记了阅读本文，如果您感染了病毒，请不要怪我们。 如果您不确定自己在做什么，这尤其适用-这可能不是您应该惹的祸。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/howto/35332/antivirus-slowing-your-pc-down-maybe-you-should-use-exclusions/