非易失性ram_为什么RAM必须是易失的？

非易失性ram

Computer RAM is volatile; whatever is stored in it vanishes as soon as the electricity is turned off. Why, exactly, is computer RAM volatile, though? Read on as we investigate the physics of building high-speed computer memory. 

计算机内存易失； 电源关闭后，其中存储的所有物品都会消失。 到底为什么计算机RAM易失？ 在我们研究构建高速计算机内存的物理原理时，请继续阅读。

Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-driven grouping of Q&A web sites.

今天的“问答”环节由SuperUser提供，它是Stack Exchange的一个分支，该社区是由社区驱动的Q＆A网站分组。

问题 (The Question)

SuperUser reader Chintan Trivedi is curious why exactly computer RAM has to be volatile:

超级用户阅读器Chintan Trivedi很好奇为什么计算机RAM必须是易失的：

If computer RAM was to be non volatile like other persistent storage [types], then there would be no such thing as bootup time. Then why is it not feasible to have a non volatile ram module? Thank you.

如果计算机RAM与其他持久性存储[类型]一样是非易失性的，那么就不会有启动时间之类的东西。 那么为什么拥有非易失性ram模块不可行？ 谢谢。

Although there are types of non-volatile RAM (referred to as NVRAM and found in all sorts of applications like storing data inside your Wi-Fi router), Chintan is specifically referring to the type of RAM found in PCs. What exactly is stopping us from using NVRAM in our desktop and notebook computers?

尽管存在各种类型的非易失性RAM(称为NVRAM，可在各种应用程序中找到，例如将数据存储在Wi-Fi路由器中)，但Chintan专门指的是PC中的RAM类型。 是什么导致我们无法在台式机和笔记本电脑中使用NVRAM？

答案 (The Answer)

SuperUser contributor MSalters offers some insight into how we can’t escape the physical limitations (however microscopic the scale) of the hardware:

超级用户贡献者MSalters提供了一些有关我们如何摆脱硬件的物理限制(无论是微观尺度)的见解：

Deep down it’s due to physics.

归根结底是由于物理原因。

Any non-volatile memory must store its bits in two states which have a large energy barrier between them, or else the smallest influence would change the bit. But when writing to that memory, we must actively overcome that energy barrier.

任何非易失性存储器都必须以两种状态存储其位，这两种状态之间具有较大的能垒，否则最小的影响将改变该位。 但是，当写入该内存时，我们必须积极克服这种能量障碍。

Designer have quite some freedom in setting those energy barriers. Set it low 0 . 1, and you get memory which can be rewritten a lot without generating a lot of heat: fast and volatile. Set the energy barrier high 0 | 1 and the bits will stay put almost forever, or until you expend serious energy.

设计师在设置这些能量壁垒方面有很大的自由度。 将其设置为低0 . 1 0 . 1 ，您将获得可以被大量重写而不会产生大量热量的内存：快速且易失。 将能垒设置为高0 | 1 0 | 1 ，这些钻头将几乎永远放置，或者直到您消耗大量能量为止。

DRAM uses small capacitors which leak. Bigger capacitors would leak less, be less volatile, but take longer to charge.

DRAM使用泄漏的小电容器。 较大的电容器泄漏较少，挥发性较小，但充电时间较长。

Flash uses electrons which are shot at high voltage into an isolator. The energy barrier is so high that you can’t get them out in a controlled way; the only way is to clean out an entire block of bits.

闪光灯使用以高压射入隔离器的电子。 能量屏障非常高，以至于您无法以受控的方式将它们排出。 唯一的方法是清除整个位块。

In other words, the only way to make the RAM as high speed as we need it for modern computer operations is to keep the resistance between state changes extremely low (and thus make the RAM volatile and susceptible to data erasure in the face of power loss).

换句话说，使RAM达到我们现代计算机操作所需要的速度的唯一方法是保持状态变化之间的阻力极低(从而使RAM易失并在掉电的情况下易于擦除数据) )。

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Have something to add to the explanation? Sound off in the the comments. Want to read more answers from other tech-savvy Stack Exchange users? Check out the full discussion thread here.

有什么补充说明吗？ 在评论中听起来不对。 是否想从其他精通Stack Exchange的用户那里获得更多答案？ 在此处查看完整的讨论线程。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/171872/why-does-ram-have-to-be-volatile/

非易失性ram