java中抽象类继承抽象类_Java中的抽象类用示例解释

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-14 18:46:05 发布

cumi7754

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-14 18:46:05 发布

阅读量586

点赞数

文章标签：抽象类 java 设计模式编程语言接口

原文链接：https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/abstract-classes-in-java-explained-with-examples/

版权

java中抽象类继承抽象类

Abstract classes are classes declared with abstract. They can be subclassed or extended, but cannot be instantiated. You can think of them as a class version of interfaces, or as an interface with actual code attached to the methods.

抽象类是用abstract声明的类。它们可以被子类化或扩展，但是不能被实例化。您可以将它们视为接口的类版本 ，或与方法附带实际代码的接口。

For example, say you have a class Vehicle which defines the basic functionality (methods) and components (object variables) that vehicles have in common.

例如，假设您有一个Vehicle类，它定义了Vehicle共有的基本功能(方法)和组件(对象变量)。

You cannot create an object of Vehicle because a vehicle is itself an abstract, general concept. Vehicles have wheels and motors, but the number of wheels and the size of motors can differ greatly.

您无法创建Vehicle对象，因为Vehicle本身就是一个抽象的通用概念。车辆具有车轮和电动机，但是车轮的数量和电动机的尺寸可能相差很大。

You can, however, extend the functionality of the vehicle class to create a Car or a Motorcycle:

但是，您可以扩展Vehicle类的功能来创建Car或Motorcycle ：

abstract class Vehicle
{
  //variable that is used to declare the no. of wheels in a vehicle
  private int wheels;
  
  //Variable to define the type of motor used
  private Motor motor;
  
  //an abstract method that only declares, but does not define the start 
  //functionality because each vehicle uses a different starting mechanism
  abstract void start();
}

public class Car extends Vehicle
{
  ...
}

public class Motorcycle extends Vehicle
{
  ...
}

Remember, you cannot instantiate a Vehicle anywhere in your program – instead, you can use the Car and Motorcycle classes you declared earlier and create instances of those:

请记住，您不能在程序中的任何地方实例化Vehicle ，而是可以使用之前声明的Car和Motorcycle类并创建这些实例：

Vehicle newVehicle = new Vehicle();    // Invalid
Vehicle car = new Car();  // valid
Vehicle mBike = new Motorcycle();  // valid

Car carObj = new Car();  // valid
Motorcycle mBikeObj = new Motorcycle();  // valid