找实习如何避免培训机构_如果想获得梦想的实习机会，要避免的错误

找实习如何避免培训机构

by Code Breaker

通过代码破坏者

如果想获得梦想的实习机会，要避免的错误 (Mistakes to avoid if you want to get your dream internship)

Hey guys! My name is Piyush. This is my very first article on the internet, so pardon my storytelling. This post turned out to be longer than I expected, but it’s worth the ride. I’m sharing my knowledge, experience, do’s & don’ts according to my understanding of the internship application and interview process. I’m trying to avoid general suggestions that you might have already read in other articles or blogs. This post is based off my experience in applying for software internships, but most of these suggestions can be used for other internship domains. So, let’s dive in.

大家好！ 我叫Piyush。 这是我在互联网上的第一篇文章，请原谅我的讲故事。 原来这个帖子比我预期的要长，但是值得一试。 根据我对实习申请和面试过程的理解，我正在分享我的知识，经验，应该做与不应该做的事情。 我试图避免您可能已经在其他文章或博客中阅读过的一般建议。 这篇文章基于我申请软件实习的经验，但是其中大多数建议可用于其他实习领域。 所以，让我们深入。

关于我自己的一点 (A little bit about myself)

I started applying for summer internships around October 2017. I was confident from the start about possible interview calls with favorable outcomes before the fall semester concludes leading to a fun-filled winter break.

我于2017年10月左右开始申请暑期实习。从一开始，我对在秋季学期结束导致充满乐趣的寒假之前可能进行的面试电话并取得良好结果充满信心。

But the reality was that I didn’t get a single reply for any of my applications because of the insane competition for these summer internships. A significant chunk of the available intern positions in most companies are filled by the undergrads. Also, most companies are finicky about the universities at which the students they pick are studying.

但是现实是，由于这些暑期实习的疯狂竞争，我的任何申请都没有得到任何答复。 在大多数公司中，大部分可用的实习职位都由本科生填补。 而且，大多数公司对他们选择的学生就读的大学持谨慎态度。

The lack of interview calls for my applications initially scared me a bit, but with a little bit of research, I found out that almost 99% of the calls would be during the spring semester. So all those who didn’t get an interview chance before Winter break, BELIEVE ME, you will get a good number of calls after your Winter break.

最初缺乏针对我的申请的面试电话使我有些害怕，但是经过一些研究，我发现几乎99％的电话将在Spring学期期间进行。 因此，所有在寒假之前没有得到采访机会的人，请相信我，在寒假之后，您会收到大量的电话。

I got an email from Microsoft to schedule a phone interview during the finals week of the Fall semester. The interview went well, and the recruiter told me that they would get back in a week if they decide to move forward with the interview process. Not hearing back from them made me curious about their hiring period only to read that Microsoft ends the hiring process during or before my interview timeline. I did get an email from the recruiter that they were in the process to call me to their HQ office in Seattle for the final rounds of interviews, but sadly they were already over buffered. So, my big dream shattered right there.

我收到了Microsoft的电子邮件，以安排在秋季学期的最后一周进行电话采访。 面试进行得很顺利，招聘人员告诉我，如果他们决定继续进行面试过程，他们将在一周内回来。 没有听到他们的回音，使我对他们的招聘期限感到好奇，只是因为我读到Microsoft在面试时间表之内或之前结束了招聘过程。 我确实收到了招聘人员的电子邮件，他们正在将我召集到西雅图的总部办公室进行最后几轮面试，但可悲的是，他们已经被缓冲了。 因此，我的大梦想就此破裂。

But I was hopeful. This was Mistake #1: I missed applying to some of the good companies at the start of the Fall. This rule applies to all the companies but especially to well-known companies like Google, Microsoft, Bloomberg, and others.

但我充满希望。 这是第一大错误：秋天开始时，我错过了向一些优秀公司的申请。 此规则适用于所有公司，尤其适用于Google，Microsoft，Bloomberg等知名公司。

Tip: Some of the big companies end their recruitment for Summer interns by November, so apply asap when their hiring process starts in August.

提示：一些大公司会在11月结束对夏季实习生的招聘，因此在8月开始招聘过程时应尽快申请。

So, the winter break began, and I planned to prepare for coding interviews and apply for as many intern positions as possible. But days went by, and I rigorously applied, giving very little thought to honing my coding skills.

因此，寒假开始了，我计划为编程面试做准备，并申请尽可能多的实习职位。 但是日子一天天过去了，我严格地申请了，很少磨练我的编码技能。

This was Mistake #2: I just prepared the basics of Data structures and algorithms and tried to do some essential problems from Leetcode which I thought might appear in an interview. I was so focused on a short-term gain that I messed up the whole interview preparation. The approach I took was wrong, and I didn’t plan out properly for long-term success.

这是错误2：我只是准备了数据结构和算法的基础知识，并试图从Leetcode中解决一些基本问题，我认为这些问题可能会出现在采访中。 我是如此专注于短期收获，以至于弄乱了整个面试准备。 我采取的方法是错误的，并且我没有为长期成功做好适当的计划。

Tip: You never prepare for coding interviews in a week or two before your interview, you have to code every day even if your schedule doesn’t align that way.

提示：在面试之前的一两周内，您永远不会为面试编码做准备，即使您的日程安排不符合要求，您也必须每天进行编码。

As for Mistake #3, I didn’t quickly figure out and decide my career goals and interests — BUT you should. Easier said than done, though, right?

对于错误3 ，我没有很快弄清楚并决定我的职业目标和兴趣-但您应该这样做。 说起来容易做起来难，对吧？

This rule doesn’t just apply during an internship hunt but at any stage of your career path. Though I was aware of the consequences of not figuring out the relevant positions I wanted to work on for, say, at least 3–4 years down the line if not beyond. But I did pay the enormous price for it. I got calls for Machine Learning, Full stack, UI Design, Cloud and similar positions though I haven’t explicitly applied for all of them and failed to succeed in all the interview rounds for these roles. So here’s my advice:

此规则不仅适用于实习求职，而且适用于您的职业生涯的任何阶段。 尽管我知道没有弄清楚我想从事的相关工作所造成的后果，例如，至少要推迟3-4年，否则我将无法继续工作。 但是我确实为此付出了巨大的代价。 尽管没有明确申请所有职位，但我接到了有关机器学习，全栈，UI设计，云和类似职位的电话，但在所有这些职位的面试中都未能成功。 所以这是我的建议：

Tip: Don’t be a Jack of all and master of none. I was one and I failed miserably.

提示：不要成为所有人的杰克，也不应该成为主人。 我当时还是一个，我惨败。

One of the inspiring quotes which motivate and pumps me up because it hits me hard and makes me realize how true it is.

鼓舞人心的名言之一激励和鼓舞着我，因为它使我深受打击，并使我意识到它的真实性。

I wanted the reward and not the struggle. I wanted the result and not the process. I was in love not with the fight but only the victory. And life doesn’t work that way.

我想要的是回报而不是斗争。 我想要结果而不是过程。 我爱上的不是战斗，而是胜利。 生活不是那样的。

— Mark Manson

马克·曼森

So, let’s do some analytics and break down my internship application process.

因此，让我们做一些分析并分解我的实习申请流程。

简历 (The Résumé)

You might be tired of reading about this portion of the application process. If you aren’t getting any interview calls, then your résumé could be the biggest culprit. So, here is a small list of possible reasons.

您可能会厌倦阅读有关申请过程的这一部分。 如果您没有接到任何面试电话，那么您的简历可能是最大的罪魁祸首。 因此，这里列出了一些可能的原因。

• Applying to positions which are not at all relevant to your résumé.
  适用于与您的简历完全无关的职位。
• Your résumé is not ATS friendly.
  您的简历不适合ATS。
• Your résumé has minor mistakes like misspellings, improper formatting.
  您的简历有一些小错误，例如拼写错误，格式不正确。

应用领域 (Applications)

In my case, I applied to more than 1000 positions in various companies across the States and a few companies in Canada.

就我而言，我申请了美国各家公司和加拿大一些公司的1000多个职位。

Initially, I stuck to the plan of just applying for generic Software Engineer Internship and some Full stack Developer Internships. But as I was taking CS courses like Big Data, Machine Learning, and Cloud Computing, I started to apply for roles that involved these skills. I didn’t apply to QA roles as I did have some testing experience and I wanted a change from the familiar.

最初，我坚持只申请通用软件工程师实习和一些全栈开发人员实习的计划。 但是，当我选修诸如大数据，机器学习和云计算等CS课程时，我开始申请涉及这些技能的职位。 我没有申请质量检查职位，因为我确实有一些测试经验，并且希望从熟悉的职位上有所改变。

I did get calls for some of these roles, and as I wasn’t very well versed, I wasn’t able to crack those interviews, which brings me to my Mistake #4:

我确实接到过其中一些职位的电话，而且由于我不很精通，所以无法进行这些采访，这使我陷入了错误＃4：

Apply only for positions that you have substantial experience with or jobs that you are genuinely passionate about.

仅应聘您具有丰富经验或真正热爱的职位。

But failure shouldn’t stop you from doing what you want even with the odds stacked against you. Not getting an internship or a full-time job in your desired field of interest shouldn’t discourage you from working on these skills and becoming proficient. The ultimate goal of an internship is for you to explore and find the right fit.

但是即使面对不利因素，失败也不会阻止您去做自己想做的事情。 没有在您想要的兴趣领域获得实习或全职工作，不应阻止您从事这些技能并变得精通。 实习的最终目的是让您探索​​并找到合适的人选。

Never stop applying despite not getting calls. The last offer that I got was for a position I missed applying for; the recruiter would have kept my resume and matched the role that was a good fit for me.

即使没有接到电话，也不要停止申请。 我得到的最后一个职位是我错过的职位。 招聘人员本来可以保留我的简历并匹配适合我的职位。

Enough talking, let’s get to the meat of this article. These are some of the companies with which I got the interviews for the internship.

足够多的讨论，让我们深入了解本文。 这些是我得到实习面试的一些公司。

申请渠道 (Application Channels)

I initially only used Linkedin jobs for my applications which ultimately redirects you to companies’ career pages. But later on, I tried Glassdoor as well when I realized that not all companies use Linkedin for posting job openings.

最初，我只在应用程序中使用Linkedin职位，最终将您重定向到公司的职业页面。 但是后来，当我意识到并非所有公司都使用Linkedin来发布职位空缺时，我也尝试了Glassdoor。

The biggest mistake that I did during the application process was my hesitation in asking for referrals. I assumed that I would ask for a referral later as a backup. But this backfired on me when I didn’t use references initially and then when I did, the hiring process was almost complete for the season. Mistake #5.

我在申请过程中犯的最大错误是我不愿推荐。 我以为以后会要求转介作为备份。 但是，当我最初不使用参考资料时，然后当我使用参考资料时，这适得其反，整个季节的招聘过程几乎都完成了。 错误5。

Never delay or hesitate in asking for a referral. Use your referrals when you know the company is hiring.

不要拖延或毫不犹豫地要求转介。 当您知道公司正在招聘时，请使用您的推荐人。

编码挑战-面试过程中乏味的部分 (Coding Challenges — The tedious part of the Interview process)

I got a lot of coding challenges from several companies as the first round. I wasn’t the best when it came to time management, and I paid the price for it. It became difficult to manage my coursework, prepare and give these interviews. I didn’t even try to attempt these coding challenges with the thought of my minimal preparation and my coding skills. I didn’t give a single coding challenge which makes me point to one of my biggest mistakes. Mistake #6:

作为第一轮，我遇到了来自多家公司的许多编码挑战。 在时间管理方面，我并不是最好的，我为此付出了代价。 管理课程，准备和进行面试变得很困难。 考虑到我的最少准备和编码技巧，我什至没有尝试尝试这些编码挑战。 我没有给任何编码挑战，这使我指出了我最大的错误之一。 错误6：

Never assume anything. At least not for the coding challenges. Try to attempt the coding challenges even if you aren’t prepared because YOU WILL NEVER BE FULLY PREPARED OR SATISFIED WITH YOUR PREPARATION.

切勿承担任何责任。 至少不是为了编码方面的挑战。 即使您没有做好准备，也要尝试进行编码挑战，因为您在准备过程中不会做充分准备或满意。

After realizing what all I had missed because of my negative attitude during those times, I didn’t even think twice of delaying or not giving the interview when I got an email from Google during my final exams.

在意识到那段时间由于我的消极态度而错过的一切之后，当我在期末考试中收到Google的电子邮件时，我什至没有三思而后行地推迟或不接受采访。

申请流程时间表 (Timeline of the application process)

If you remove a small outlier during March, you can only see a linear increase in the number of interviews that I got starting from October 2017 to May 2018. So, don’t lose hope if you didn’t get an offer by April because some big companies like Tesla, Intel, Adobe, Salesforce, SAP, and others generally end their hiring as late as May.

如果您在三月期间删除一个较小的离群值，那么您只能看到我从2017年10月到2018年5月开始的采访数量呈线性增加。因此，如果您在四月之前没有收到报价，请不要失去希望，因为特斯拉(Tesla)，英特尔(Intel)，Adobe(Adobe)，Salesforce，SAP等一些大公司通常要等到5月才终止招聘。

There’s a good chance that you will get interview calls after Christmas break.

圣诞节假期过后，您很有可能会接到面试电话。

面试次数根据位置而定 (Interviews count based on locations)

It seems like the grass is always greener on the other side of the fence, right? And the other side usually turns out to be the Bay area in most cases (unless you explicitly apply to East Coast-specific companies which are mostly in the New York area).

篱笆的另一侧似乎总是青草，对吗？ 通常，在大多数情况下，另一边通常是海湾地区(除非您明确地向主要在纽约地区的东海岸特定公司提出申请)。

The below 3D geographic image shows the distribution of the count of interviews which I got for the internship. This can help you infer that you can get an interview call from any of these locations in the States or outside irrespective of your location for Software engineering or related internship roles. Though, some companies care about the location and give preference to the candidates who are close to their office location.

下面的3D地理图像显示了我为实习获得的面试次数的分布。 这可以帮助您推断，无论您身处软件工程或相关实习岗位的位置如何，都可以从美国境内或境外的任何一个地点接到面试电话。 不过，有些公司会关心位置，并优先考虑靠近其办公室位置的候选人。

Top companies usually don’t care about your location; they only focus on your technical and interpersonal skills.

顶级公司通常不在乎您的位置； 他们只专注于您的技术和人际交往能力。

不同程度的访谈 (Different Levels of Interviews)

Below is the breakdown of the various stages of my interview process. There is no fixed pattern of either the number of interviews or the order of interviews. Generally, the internships consist of 2–3 rounds. I have made it to the 5th round for a few interviews (Not mentioned below as I took an average of the rounds). But overall, considering both the edge cases in my case, three rounds turned out to be an ideal max number of rounds for the internship.

以下是我面试过程各个阶段的细分。 采访数量或采访顺序没有固定的模式。 通常，实习包括2至3轮。 我已经进入第五轮了，并进行了几次面试(下面不提及，因为我平均了几轮)。 但是总的来说，考虑到我的情况，这三轮是实习的理想最大轮数。

制备 (Preparation)

编码 (Coding)

This has to be the central focus area, or least a significant chunk of your interview preparation phase. Try to allocate 70–80% of your preparation time for practicing data structures and algorithms. The three primary and most useful resources, according to me, are LeetCode, GeeksforGeeks, and CTCI. Try to solve the critical problems from all or a combination of them.

这必须是中心重点领域，或者至少是面试准备阶段的重要部分。 尝试将准备时间的70–80％用于实践数据结构和算法。 据我说，三个主要且最有用的资源是LeetCode，GeeksforGeeks和CTCI。 尝试从全部或全部解决关键问题。

系统设计 (System Design)

This section was not a very important part of the internship interview process for me, but it’s good to have some knowledge and a knack for how to approach it when you come across a design question. You don’t need to spend a lot of time on this, though. Watching a few Youtube videos and get an ability to figure out what the interviewer is looking for, and you should be fine. It’s one of the most comfortable sections to prepare when compared to the rest. So, I won’t recommend missing out on this one.

对于我而言，本部分并不是实习面试过程中非常重要的部分，但是，当您遇到设计问题时，拥有一些知识和诀窍是很好的方法。 不过，您不需要花很多时间。 观看一些Youtube视频，并能够弄清楚面试官在寻找什么，您应该会很好。 与其余部分相比，它是最舒适的部分之一。 因此，我不建议您错过这一内容。

特定角色 (Role-specific)

If you look for internships at Big 4 like Google, Amazon, Microsoft, Facebook, they mostly have a generic Software Engineering internship and don’t focus much on your specialization skills during the interviews. But most of the other companies concentrate equally on your skill sets apart from the necessary data structures and algorithms for the intern role. So, choose a specialization like Big Data, Cloud, Full stack, Machine Learning, DevOps, Testing, etc. and focus on improving and building your expertise in that field. Then apply to only those positions in which you either aspire to work on or are confident about your skills.

如果您在Google，亚马逊，微软，Facebook等四大巨头中寻找实习机会，那么他们大多拥有通用的软件工程实习机会，在面试过程中不会过多地关注您的专业技能。 但是，除实习生所需的数据结构和算法外，其他大多数公司都将同样的精力集中在您的技能上。 因此，选择大数据，云，全栈，机器学习，DevOps，测试等专业，并专注于改进和建立该领域的专业知识。 然后仅应聘您渴望工作或对自己的技能有信心的职位。

面试技巧 (Interview Tips)

I’m avoiding general interview tips and jumping right to a few suggestions I think are important as I messed up a few interviews by ignoring these.

我回避了一般性的面试技巧，而是跳了一些我认为很重要的建议，因为我忽略了这些面试，弄乱了一些面试。

1. I was interviewing for an ML internship at a startup, and my interview was going great. But the discussion got extended for an extra 5 minutes, and the person who booked the room for the next slot walked into the room and started a debate with me about the extended time which resulted in the interviewer losing interest and hanging up. So when you book a private room for an interview in your college, library or anywhere, always book for an extra thirty minutes.
   我在一家初创公司接受ML实习的面试，面试进行得非常好。 但是讨论又延长了5分钟，预订下一个时段的房间的人走进房间，开始和我讨论延长的时间，这导致面试官失去兴趣并挂断电话。 因此，当您在学院，图书馆或任何地方预订私人房间面试时，请务必多预订30分钟。
2. For phone interviews, try to have an excellent cellular network connection or choose an area or room where the network is at its best and always use the same for all the interviews. Do keep in mind that sometimes recruiters call without any prior notice, so it’s better to have a good connection.
   对于电话采访，请尝试建立出色的蜂窝网络连接，或者选择网络处于最佳状态的区域或房间，并在所有采访中始终使用相同的方式。 请记住，有时招聘人员会在没有任何事先通知的情况下打电话，因此最好保持良好的联系。
3. Don’t delay your interviews after getting the interview call unless necessary. Always schedule your interviews asap. I was a step away from getting offers at a few companies by moving to the final round of interview, but they were completed with their hiring process during the timeline of the interview.
   除非有必要，否则在接到面试电话后不要延迟面试。 务必尽快安排面试。 我进入了最后一轮面试，与从几家公司获得要约还差一步，但是在面试的时间表中，他们的招聘过程已经完成。

Prepare Ahead, Move Fast and Break Interviews.

提前准备，快速前进和中断采访。

谈判 (Negotiation)

If you have come this far in the process, this is a proud moment, and you should be happy if you got what you wanted. Be positive even if you have to settle for less.

如果您在此过程中取得了如此长的成就，那将是一个骄傲的时刻，如果您有想要的，就应该感到高兴。 即使您需要付出更少的努力，也要保持积极。

That being said: you should ALWAYS TRY to negotiate the offer.

话虽这么说：您应该始终尝试协商报价。

提示 (Tips)

1. Check Glassdoor for previous pay rates and add your inflation accordingly or ask your friends who got a similar offer in a company.
   在Glassdoor上查看以前的工资水平，并相应地增加通货膨胀率，或询问在公司获得类似报价的朋友。
2. Some companies have fixed pay rate for all the interns, so try not be stubborn or do a hard negotiation. You might get your offer revoked.
   一些公司对所有实习生都有固定的薪资水平，因此请不要固执或进行艰苦的谈判。 您可能会取消报价。
3. If the company is not willing to increase the pay rate, try to ask for housing, travel or food compensation because sometimes recruiters can adjust benefits without much change to the target budget.
   如果公司不愿意提高工资水平，请尝试要求提供住房，旅行或食品补偿，因为有时招聘人员可以调整福利，而无需对目标预算进行太多更改。

结束 (The END)

I have always believed in the idea of setting higher expectations for any work I do, and I work hard and achieve it or at least try to get close to it. So, here goes my favorite quote.

我一直相信为我所做的任何工作设定更高期望的想法，并且我会努力工作并实现目标，或者至少努力接近目标。 所以，这是我最喜欢的报价。

Shoot for the moon. Even if you miss, you’ll land among the stars.

拍摄月亮。 即使您错过了，您也会落在星空之中。

― Norman Vincent Peale

―诺曼·文森特·皮尔

I would like to thank you for coming this far. I hope you didn’t mind my poor writing skills. I tried to focus more on my experience and help others avoid the mistakes I made.

我要感谢你走这么远。 我希望你不要介意我的写作能力差。 我尝试着更多地专注于自己的经验，并帮助其他人避免犯错。

I have been through the whole process of the internship hunting, and it was a mixed experience. I know this doesn’t end here, my journey has just started to get to my dream job. Let’s start working on it from now. If you liked this article and if you think I can be of any help, comment below.

我经历了整个狩猎实习的过程，这是一次复杂的经历。 我知道这还没有结束，我的旅程才刚刚开始实现我的理想工作。 让我们从现在开始研究它。 如果您喜欢本文，并且认为可以为您提供帮助，请在下方评论。

翻译自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/the-big-internship-hunt-my-experience-7506d1c053dd/

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