C / C ++中的预增和后增运算符

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-29 13:27:48 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-29 13:27:48 发布

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原文链接：https://www.includehelp.com/cpp-tutorial/pre-increment-and-post-increment-operators-in-c-cpp.aspx

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In C and C++ programming language, there is an operator known as an increment operator which is represented by ++. And it is used to increase the value of the variable by 1.

在C和C ++编程语言中，有一个称为递增运算符的运算符 ，由++表示。它用于将变量的值增加1。

There are two types of Increment operator,

增量运算符有两种，

Pre-increment Operator
预递增运算符
Post-increment Operator
后递增运算符

预递增运算符 (Pre-increment Operator)

The Pre-increment operator increases the value of the variable by 1 before using it in the expression, i.e. the value is incremented before the expression is evaluated.

在表达式中使用变量之前，Pre-increment运算符将变量的值增加1，即，在对表达式求值之前，将值增加。

Syntax:

句法：

++a

Example:

例：

    Input:
    a = 10;
    b = ++a; 

    Output:
    a = 11
    b = 11

In the expression b=++a, ++a will be evaluated first thus, the value of a will be 11 and then assignment operation will be performed.

在表达式b = ++ a中，将首先对++ a求值，因此a的值为11，然后将执行赋值操作。

Program to demonstrate the example of pre-increment

程序演示预增量示例

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int a = 10;
    int b = 0;

    cout << "Before the operation..." << endl;
    cout << "a: " << a << ", b: " << b << endl;

    //Pre-increment operation
    b = ++a;

    cout << "After the operation..." << endl;
    cout << "a: " << a << ", b: " << b << endl;

    return 0;
}

Output:

输出：

Before the operation...
a: 10, b: 0
After the operation...
a: 11, b: 11

后递增运算符 (Post-increment Operator)

The Post-increment operator increases the value of the variable by 1 after using it in the expression, i.e. the value is incremented after the expression is evaluated.

在表达式中使用变量后，Post-increment运算符会将变量的值增加1，即，对表达式求值后，该值将递增。

Syntax:

句法：

a++

Example:

例：

    Input:
    a = 10;
    b = a++;

    Output:
    a = 11
    b = 10

In the expression b=a++, a++ will be evaluated after assigning the value of a to the b. Thus, the value of b will be 10 and then a++ will be evaluated and then the value of a will be 11.

在表达式B = A ++，++ 一个将a的值分配给B之后进行评价。因此，b的值将是10，然后一个++将被评估，然后a的值将是11。

Program to demonstrate the example of post-increment

演示后增量示例的程序

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int a = 10;
    int b = 0;

    cout << "Before the operation..." << endl;
    cout << "a: " << a << ", b: " << b << endl;

    //Pre-increment operation
    b = a++;

    cout << "After the operation..." << endl;
    cout << "a: " << a << ", b: " << b << endl;

    return 0;
}

Output:

输出：

Before the operation...
a: 10, b: 0
After the operation...
a: 11, b: 10

预增和后增运算符之间的区别 (Difference between pre-increment and post-increment operators)

Since both are used to increase the value of the variable by 1. But based on the above discussion and examples, the difference between pre-increment and post-increment operators is very simple. The pre-increment increased the value before the expression is evaluated and the post-increment increases the value after the expression is evaluated.

由于两者都用于将变量的值增加1。但是基于上面的讨论和示例，预增和后增运算符之间的区别非常简单。增量前增加了对表达式进行评估前的值，增量后增加了对表达式进行评估后的值。

Program to demonstrate the use of pre and post increment operators

演示使用前后递增运算符的程序

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int A = 10, B = 20, C = 0;

    C = A++ + ++B * 10 + B++;
    cout << A << "," << B << "," << C;

    return 0;
}

Output:

输出：

11, 22, 241

Explanation:

说明：

Based on the above discussion, the express will be evaluated like this,

根据以上讨论，快递将像这样进行评估，


    Values are,
    A = 10
    B = 20
    C = 0

    Expression is,
    C   = A++ + ++B * 10 + B++;

    C   = 10 + 21 * 10 + 21
        = 10 +210 +21
        = 241
    
    Finally, the values of A, B and C will be,
    A = 11
    B = 22
    C = 241

Note: Compiler dependency may be there.

注意：可能存在编译器依赖性。