Problem statement:
问题陈述:
Given an expression tree evaluate the expression tree.
给定一个表达式树,请评估该表达式树。
Example:
例:
*
/ \
+ -
/ \ / \
7 4 6 3
The evaluation will be:
(7+4)*(6-3)
=11* 3=33
Solution
解
Expression tree:
表达式树:
Any infix expression can be converted to an expression tree whose leaf nodes are all operands & intermediate nodes are operators.
任何中缀表达式都可以转换为表达式树 ,该树的叶节点均为操作数,中间节点为运算符。
Algorithm to evaluate an expression tree
评估表达式树的算法
Expression tree can be evaluated using the following algorithm
可以使用以下算法评估表达式树
IF root is operator
Result = evaluation of left child treeoperator
(root->data) evaluation of right child tree
ELSE
Result = root->data //operand
This can be constructed using a recursive function evalTree (root of expression tree)
可以使用递归函数evalTree (表达式树的根)来构造它
Pre-requisite functions:
必备功能:
isOperator(string s) = Boolean function to check whether root data is operator or not
isOperator(string s) =布尔函数,用于检查根数据是否为运算符
ex:
isOperator("*") returns true where as isOperator("12") returns false
-----------------------------------------------------------------
value(string s)= returns value of the operand represented in string from
ex:
value("12") returns 12
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Evaluate (int a, int b, string s): returns the result of evaluation
where a, b are operands and s is the operator
IF(s=="*")
return a*b;
ELSE IF(s=="/")
return a/b;
ELSE IF(s=="+")
return a+b;
ELSE
return a-b;
FUNCTION evalTree(root)
1. Base case
IF (root==NULL)
Return 0;
2. IF (isOperator(root->data))
Evaluate left subtree (say a),
evaluate right subtree(say b) and return a root->data b
Set a=evalTree (root->left);
Set b=evalTree (root->left);
Return evaluate(a, b, tree->data);
ELSE
Return value (root->data); //return operand value
END FUNCTION
C++ implementation:
C ++实现:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
// TreeNode node type
class TreeNode{
public:
string data; //data
TreeNode *left; //pointer to left child
TreeNode *right; //pointer to right child
};
// creating new node
TreeNode* newnode(string s)
{
TreeNode* node = (TreeNode*)malloc(sizeof(TreeNode));
node->data = s;
node->left = NULL;
node->right = NULL;
return(node);
}
//evalutes a root->data b
int evaluate(int a, int b, string s){
if(s=="*")
return a*b;
else if(s=="/")
return a/b;
else if(s=="+")
return a+b;
else
return a-b;
}
//returns operand value
int value(string s){
int sum=0,p=1;
for(int i=s.length()-1;i>=0;i--){
sum+=p*(s[i]-'0');
p*=10;
}
return sum;
}
//function to check whether operator
bool isOperator(string s){
if(s=="*" || s=="/" || s=="-" || s=="+" )
return true;
return false;
}
//recursive functuon to evaluate
int evalTree(TreeNode* root)
{
if(!root)
return 0;
if(isOperator(root->data)){
int a=evalTree(root->left);
int b=evalTree(root->right);
return evaluate(a,b,root->data);
}
else{
return value(root->data);
}
}
int main(){
cout<<"tree is built as per example\n";
TreeNode *root=newnode("*");
root->left= newnode("+");
root->right= newnode("-");
root->right->right=newnode("3");
root->right->left=newnode("6");
root->left->left=newnode("7");
root->left->right=newnode("4");
cout<<"The evaluation of the expression tree results to: "<<evalTree(root)<<endl;
return 0;
}
Output
输出量
tree is built as per example
The evaluation of the expression tree results to: 33