算法及其应用
应用程序软件 (Application Software)
These are also end-user programs. Through these programs, users can complete their tasks. Tasks include creation and modification of documents, spreadsheets, databases and also doing online research, sending emails, designing graphics, and running businesses, even playing games.
这些也是最终用户程序。 通过这些程序，用户可以完成其任务。 任务包括创建和修改文档，电子表格，数据库，以及进行在线研究，发送电子邮件，设计图形以及开展业务，甚至玩游戏。
It is a programming tool by which computer programs are created. Computer programs depend on the activity for which they were designed. An application can manipulate text, numbers, audio, video, graphics and a combination of these elements such as MS word.
它是用于创建计算机程序的编程工具。 计算机程序取决于其设计活动。 应用程序可以操纵文本，数字，音频，视频，图形以及这些元素(例如MS word)的组合。
应用软件的特征 (Characteristics of application software)
It is an end-user application so close to the user and easy to design.
它是一个最终用户应用程序，因此离用户很近并且易于设计。
The programming language of the application is high-level language.
应用程序的编程语言是高级语言。
Easy to understand and manipulate and also it is more interactive.
易于理解和操作，并且更具交互性。
Application software is mainly classified in the following basis,
应用软件主要根据以下几类进行分类：
Based on property and use rights
基于财产和使用权
Based on programming language
基于编程语言
Based on output and purpose
根据产出和目的
1)基于财产和使用权 (1) Based on property and use rights)
They are usually classified into two main categories: first is closed source and open source software applications, and the second one is free or proprietary software applications.
它们通常分为两大类：第一类是封闭源和开放源软件应用程序，第二类是自由或专有软件应用程序。
Some software applications are owned under copyright. End users can buy or license proprietary applications through the vendor providing the software and a software license grants limited usage rights, such as Adobe Photoshop.
某些软件应用程序拥有版权。 最终用户可以通过提供软件的供应商购买或许可专有应用程序，并且软件许可授予有限的使用权，例如Adobe Photoshop。
They cannot modify these applications; they are customizable software by third parties.
他们无法修改这些应用程序； 它们是第三方的可定制软件。
Open-source applications provide the source code for end-users and developers to use and modify it. Developers and companies make open-source software applications freely available under a generic or public license, such as GNU.
开源应用程序提供了源代码，供最终用户和开发人员使用和修改。 开发人员和公司根据通用或公共许可(例如GNU)免费提供开源软件应用程序。
These types of applications customized by third parties, such as Word press.
这些类型的应用程序是由第三方(例如Word press)定制的。
2)基于编程语言 (2) Based on programming language)
The programming language is used to write the source code is or execute, application users access a web application through a web browser, such as Google Chrome.
编程语言用于编写源代码或执行源代码，应用程序用户可以通过Web浏览器(例如Google Chrome)访问Web应用程序。
A developer can write a source code of web applications in many languages, including JavaScript, CSS, and HTML. But they cannot access the hardware on which the application is installed. APIs that can access device resources used in Hybrid applications. Developers code specific mobile applications that work on a specific device platform.
开发人员可以使用多种语言(包括JavaScript，CSS和HTML)编写Web应用程序的源代码。 但是他们无法访问安装该应用程序的硬件。 可以访问混合应用程序中使用的设备资源的API。 开发人员编写在特定设备平台上工作的特定移动应用程序的代码。
3)基于产出和目的 (3) Based on output and purpose)
These can also be either horizontal or vertical. General-purpose applications are more popular and widespread, in the category of horizontal just like word processors or databases.
这些也可以是水平或垂直的。 通用应用程序在水平类别中更加流行和广泛，就像文字处理器或数据库一样。
Vertical applications designed for a particular type of industry or business, or department within an organization. For example, a software suite is a group of software applications with related functionality such as Railways Reservation Software.
为组织中特定类型的行业或企业或部门设计的垂直应用程序。 例如，一个软件套件是一组具有相关功能的软件应用程序，例如Railways Reservation Software。
Types of application software based on purposes or the needs of the user,
基于用户目的或需求的应用软件类型，
Presentation Software:
演示软件 ：
In Presentation software, we can show the information in the form of slides and also we can add text, graphics video and images to slides to make them more informative and interactive. For example Microsoft's PowerPoint.
在Presentation软件中，我们可以幻灯片的形式显示信息，也可以在幻灯片上添加文本，图形视频和图像，以使它们更具信息性和交互性。 例如Microsoft的PowerPoint。
Spreadsheet Software:
电子表格软件 ：
In Spreadsheet software, we can perform modifications and calculations. In spreadsheet software data is stored in table format. The intersecting area of row and column is called a cell. we can define the type of data going to enter that field such as text, date, time, number. Also, it provides many formulas and functions to perform calculations like arithmetic operations, logical operations, text operations. For example Microsoft Excel, lotus 1-2-3 for windows.
在电子表格软件中，我们可以执行修改和计算。 在电子表格软件中，数据以表格格式存储。 行和列的相交区域称为单元格。 我们可以定义要输入该字段的数据类型，例如文本，日期，时间，数字。 此外，它提供了许多公式和函数来执行计算，例如算术运算，逻辑运算，文本运算。 例如Microsoft Excel，适用于Windows的Lotus 1-2-3。
Database Software:
数据库软件 ：
The database is a collection of files. It contains related data. Applications have some database. Whenever we operate the application, data is fetched from the database, and after modification, it is stored back in the database.
数据库是文件的集合。 它包含相关数据。 应用程序具有一些数据库。 每当我们操作该应用程序时，都会从数据库中获取数据，并在修改后将其存储回数据库中。
Database Management System (DBMS) software tool is used for storing, modifying extracting and searching for information within a database. For example MySQL, MS Access, and Oracle.
数据库管理系统(DBMS)软件工具用于在数据库内存储，修改提取和搜索信息。 例如MySQL，MS Access和Oracle。
Multimedia Software:
多媒体软件 ：
Multimedia software is used in the editing of video, audio, and text. Multimedia software is used in business, educations, information, remote system and entertainment.
多媒体软件用于视频，音频和文本的编辑。 多媒体软件用于商业，教育，信息，远程系统和娱乐。
Word Processing Software:
文字处理软件 ：
It is used to format and also manipulate the text, to create memos, letters, faxes, and documents. It provides many features such as find and replaces, checking spelling and grammar, synonyms and antonyms, different Font options and word art options.
它用于格式化和处理文本，创建备忘录，信件，传真和文档。 它提供了许多功能，例如查找和替换，检查拼写和语法，同义词和反义词，不同的字体选项和艺术字选项。
Simulation Software:
仿真软件 ：
To represent the similar behavior, function and key nature of the real world, it provides a physical environment. It is a technology for education, engineering, testing, video games, etc. It is used in the real world where the real system cannot be accessible or maybe dangerous or unacceptable. For example in the area of flight system, economics, Robotics, Space Shuttle Navigation, and weather forecasting, etc.
为了代表现实世界的相似行为，功能和关键特性，它提供了一个物理环境。 这是一种用于教育，工程，测试，视频游戏等的技术。它用于无法访问真实系统或可能危险或无法接受的真实世界。 例如，在飞行系统，经济学，机器人技术，航天飞机导航和天气预报等领域。
References:
参考文献：
翻译自: https://www.includehelp.com/operating-systems/application-software-and-its-categories.aspx
算法及其应用
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