rest协议 soap协议_什么是SOAP（简单对象访问协议）？

rest协议 soap协议

SOAP or Simple Object Access Protocol is a messaging protocol that is mainly used to communicate between different application elements. SOAP is very popular in enterprise applications for messaging and data transmission.

SOAP或Simple Object Access Protocol是一种消息传递协议，主要用于在不同应用程序元素之间进行通信。 SOAP在企业应用程序中非常流行，用于消息传递和数据传输。

SOAP历史 (SOAP History)

• SOAP is not an old protocol that is created in 1998. This version was named as XML-RPC where the XML messages and data are transmitted over remote procedure calls via HTTP protocol.

  SOAP不是1998年创建的旧协议。此版本名为XML-RPC ，其中XML消息和数据通过HTTP协议通过远程过程调用进行传输。

• The second SOAP version release was 1.1 which is released in May 2000.
  第二个SOAP版本是1.1，该版本于2000年5月发布。
• The more popular used version SOAP 1.2 is released in June 2003 and became a W3C recommendation.
  较流行的使用版本SOAP 1.2于2003年6月发布，并成为W3C的推荐。

SOAP功能 (SOAP Features)

SOAP became popular because of the features it provided. Here are some of the features which make SOAP.

SOAP由于其提供的功能而变得流行。 这是构成SOAP的一些功能。

• SOAP is designed to be used to communicate via the internet.
  SOAP被设计为用于通过Internet进行通信。
• SOAP uses HTTP for transmission of the XML messages.
  SOAP使用HTTP来传输XML消息。
• SOAP provides data transport and transmission features for the Web Services.
  SOAP为Web服务提供数据传输和传输功能。
• SOAP can exchange different data and document types.
  SOAP可以交换不同的数据和文档类型。
• SOAP can broadcast messages into different nodes or hosts.
  SOAP可以将消息广播到不同的节点或主机。
• SOAP provides a platform or language-independent usage.
  SOAP提供了平台或语言无关的用法。
• SOAP enables clients to connect remote services and servers.
  SOAP使客户端能够连接远程服务和服务器。
• SOAP is a format for sending and receiving messages and call remote procedures.
  SOAP是一种用于发送和接收消息以及调用远程过程的格式。
• SOAP is based on XML language which is structured and readable.
  SOAP基于XML语言，该语言具有结构性和可读性。

SOAP术语 (SOAP Terminology)

Before starting to explain the SOAP protocol in details we need to learn some basic SOAP terminology to define SOAP protocol.

在开始详细解释SOAP协议之前，我们需要学习一些基本的SOAP术语来定义SOAP协议。

• SOAP Node is a physical or logical system that can process SOAP messages by receiving or sending.

  SOAP Node是可以通过接收或发送来处理SOAP消息的物理或逻辑系统。

• SOAP Roles is used to set specific roles and duties to the specified SOAP Nodes like only read or no process etc.

  SOAP Roles用于为指定的SOAP节点设置特定的角色和职责，例如仅读取或无进程等。

• SOAP Protocol Binding is connecting the SOAP Node to the remote SOAP Nodes by using TCP and HTTP protocols.

  SOAP Protocol Binding通过使用TCP和HTTP协议将SOAP节点连接到远程SOAP节点。

• SOAP Module is an extension of the existing SOAP semantics.

  SOAP Module是现有SOAP语义的扩展。

• SOAP Message represents information exchanged between SOAP Nodes.

  SOAP Message表示在SOAP节点之间交换的信息。

• SOAP Envolope is the enclosing element of an XML message identifying as a SOAP message.

  SOAP Envolope是标识为SOAP消息的XML消息的封闭元素。

• SOAP Body contains the body of the messaged for the SOAP receiver.

  SOAP Body正文包含SOAP接收者的消息正文。

• SOAP Header contains the collection of one or more header blocks target at each SOAP Receiver.

  SOAP Header包含每个SOAP接收器处一个或多个标头块的集合。

• SOAP Sender is the SOAP Node sending the message.

  SOAP Sender是发送消息的SOAP节点。

• SOAP Receiver is the SOAP Node receiving the message.

  SOAP Receiver是接收消息的SOAP节点。

• SOAP Message Path is the SOAP Nodes which will process the SOAP message in given precedence and queue.

  SOAP Message Path是SOAP节点，它将以给定的优先级和队列处理SOAP消息。

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SOAP构建块 (SOAP Building Blocks)

As a standard SOAP provides some rules and building blocks to make SOAP popular and reliable protocol. Let’s take the following simple SOAP message which has a very basic structure.

作为标准SOAP，提供了一些规则和构建块，以使SOAP成为流行且可靠的协议。 让我们看下面的简单SOAP消息，它具有非常基本的结构。

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<soap:Envelope
xmlns:soap="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope/"
soap:encodingStyle="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-encoding">

<soap:Header>
...
</soap:Header>

<soap:Body>
...
  <soap:Fault>
  ...
  </soap:Fault>
</soap:Body>

</soap:Envelope>

We can see that its a SOAP Envelope which contains Header, Body and Fault parts.

我们可以看到，它是一个包含标题，正文和故障部分的SOAP信封。

SOAP Structure

SOAP结构

SOAP的优势(SOAP Advantages)

SOAP protocol provides some advantages which make is a popular protocol.

SOAP协议提供了一些优点，这使它成为一种流行的协议。

• SOAP can be transmitted to reliable well-known protocol HTTP.
  SOAP可以传输到可靠的知名协议HTTP。
• SOAP messages can be also transmitted through different methods and protocols like SMTP, JMS or message queues.
  SOAP消息也可以通过不同的方法和协议(例如SMTP，JMS或消息队列)进行传输。
• SOAP can be transmitted through different network and security devices like Firewall, IPS/IDS without any restriction.
  SOAP可以通过不同的网络和安全设备(例如防火墙，IPS / IDS)进行传输，而没有任何限制。
• SOAP is extensible to meet different requirements.
  SOAP是可扩展的，可以满足不同的需求。

SOAP的缺点 (SOAP Disadvantages)

Event SOAP provides a lot of advantages it also poses some disadvantages.

事件SOAP提供了很多优点，但也带来了一些缺点。

• SOAP is heavyweight protocol where it needs a lot of processing.
  SOAP是重量级协议，需要大量处理。
• SOAP is complex which is some time makes things slow.
  SOAP很复杂，这会使时间变慢。
• Reading a SOAP is more difficult then alternatives like REST or JSON etc.
  与REST或JSON等替代方法相比，读取SOAP更加困难。

翻译自: https://www.poftut.com/what-is-soap-simple-object-access-protocol/

rest协议 soap协议