Linux下使用信号处理,终端执行ctrl+c后的SIGINT信号

很多时候我们写的程序是一个一直运行的，调试的时候，我们直接按ctrl+c终止程序，那么在while后面的一些close函数的调用，在没有设置中断函数的时候，是不会被执行的。

错误例子

#include <iostream>
#include <unistd.h>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    while(1){
        //sleep(1);
    }
    printf("closing\n");
}

编译运行，ctrl+c的结果如下:(并不输出closing信息)

cwd@cwd:~/code/test$ g++ test.cpp -o test
cwd@cwd:~/code/test$ ./test
^C

正确的处理方式是自己设置SIGINT的处理函数

正确例子

采用信号集方式

#include <iostream>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
using namespace std;
int i;
void close_sig_handler(int sig){
    printf("i=%d,closing\n",i);
    exit(0);
}

void addsig(int sig,void (*handler)(int) )
{
    struct sigaction sa;
    memset(&sa,'\0',sizeof(sa));
    sa.sa_handler = handler;
    sigfillset(&sa.sa_mask);
    assert(sigaction(sig,&sa,NULL)!=-1);//捕获到信号sig，使用sa中规定的方法处理
}
int main()
{
    i=0;
    addsig(SIGINT,close_sig_handler);
    while(1){
        //sleep(1);
    }
    i++;
}

编译运行，ctrl+c的结果如下:(输出closing信息)

cwd@cwd:~/code/test$ g++ close.cpp -o close
cwd@cwd:~/code/test$ ./close 
^Ci=0,closing

其中，i=0,也是表示，while循化外的语句，一句都不会被执行，与是否阻塞无关。

简单版

#include <iostream>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
using namespace std;
int i;
void close_sig_handler(int sig){
    printf("i=%d,closing\n",i);
    exit(0);
}

int main()
{
    struct sigaction sa;
    sa.sa_handler = close_sig_handler;
    assert(sigaction(SIGINT,&sa,NULL)!=-1);//捕获到信号sig，使用sa中规定的方法处理
    i=0;
    while(1){
        //sleep(1);
    }
    i++;
}

参考

SIGACTION(2)               Linux Programmer's Manual              SIGACTION(2)

NAME
       sigaction, rt_sigaction - examine and change a signal action

SYNOPSIS
       #include <signal.h>

       int sigaction(int signum, const struct sigaction *act,
                     struct sigaction *oldact);

   Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):

       sigaction(): _POSIX_C_SOURCE

       siginfo_t: _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 199309L

DESCRIPTION
       The  sigaction()  system  call  is used to change the action taken by a
       process on receipt of a specific signal.  (See signal(7) for  an  over‐
       view of signals.)

       signum  specifies the signal and can be any valid signal except SIGKILL
       and SIGSTOP.

       If act is non-NULL, the new action for signal signum is installed  from
       act.  If oldact is non-NULL, the previous action is saved in oldact.

       The sigaction structure is defined as something like:

           struct sigaction {
               void     (*sa_handler)(int);
               void     (*sa_sigaction)(int, siginfo_t *, void *);
               sigset_t   sa_mask;
               int        sa_flags;
               void     (*sa_restorer)(void);
           };