lnmp分离部署

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-13 22:33:13 发布

第四朵枫叶

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-13 22:33:13 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/cwt0314/article/details/100110648

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文章目录

lnmp平台构建
1.nginx的安装与配置
- 1.1 nginx的安装
- 1.2 nginx安装后配置
2.安装mysql
3.安装php
4.安装后配置
5.访问验证

lnmp平台构建

环境说明：

系统平台	IP	需要安装的服务
centos7/redhat7	192.168.40.139	nginx
centos7/redhat7	192.168.40.140	mysql
centos7/redhat7	192.168.40.141	php

1.nginx的安装与配置

1.1 nginx的安装

创建系统用户nginx
[root@zabbix ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

安装依赖环境
[root@zabbix ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd-devel gcc gcc-c++
[root@zabbix ~]# yum -y groups mark install 'Development Tools'

创建日志存放目录
[root@zabbix ~]# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
[root@zabbix ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/log/nginx/

下载nginx
[root@zabbix ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
--2019-08-26 15:17:18--  http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
正在解析主机 nginx.org (nginx.org)... 62.210.92.35, 95.211.80.227, 2001:1af8:4060:a004:21::e3
正在连接 nginx.org (nginx.org)|62.210.92.35|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 302 Found
位置：http://64.123.28.142/files/91780000017FADD8/nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz [跟随至新的 URL]
--2019-08-26 15:17:18--  http://64.123.28.142/files/91780000017FADD8/nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
正在连接 64.123.28.142:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：1032630 (1008K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz”

100%[===========================================>] 1,032,630    668KB/s 用时 1.5s   

2019-08-26 15:17:20 (668 KB/s) - 已保存 “nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz” [1032630/1032630])
[root@zabbix ~]# mv nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz /usr/src

编译安装
[root@zabbix src]# ls
debug  kernels  nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz  zabbix-4.0.3  zabbix-4.0.3.tar.gz
[root@zabbix src]# tar xf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz 
[root@zabbix src]# cd nginx-1.16.1
# image可以不用下载
[root@zabbix nginx-1.16.1]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
> --user=nginx \
> --group=nginx \
> --with-debug \
> --with-http_ssl_module \
> --with-http_realip_module \
> --with-http_image_filter_module \
> --with-http_gunzip_module \
> --with-http_gzip_static_module \
> --with-http_stub_status_module \
> --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
> --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log

[root@zabbix nginx-1.16.1]#  make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l) && make install

1.2 nginx安装后配置

配置环境变量
[root@zabbix ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@zabbix ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh[root@zabbix ~]# . /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh 

//服务控制方式，使用nginx命令
    -t  //检查配置文件语法
    -v  //输出nginx的版本
    -c  //指定配置文件的路径
    -s  //发送服务控制信号，可选值有{stop|quit|reopen|reload}
[root@zabbix ~]# nginx 
[root@zabbix ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128              *:80                           *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128              *:22                           *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100      127.0.0.1:25                           *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128              *:10050                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128              *:10051                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128      127.0.0.1:9000                         *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128             :::22                          :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100            ::1:25                          :::*                  
LISTEN      0      80              :::3306                        :::*

2.安装mysql

//环境：192.168.40.140
//安装依赖包
[root@cwt-client ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel

//创建用户和组
[root@cwt-client ~]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
[root@cwt-client ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 306 -u 306 mysql

//下载二进制格式的mysql软件包
[root@cwt-client ~]# cd /usr/src
[root@cwt-client src]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

//解压软件至/usr/local/
[root@cwt-client src]# ls
debug  kernels  mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@cwt-client src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@cwt-client ~]# ls /usr/local/
apache    bin    include  libexec                              share
apr       etc    lib      mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  src
apr-util  games  lib64    sbin
[root@cwt-client ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@cwt-client local]#  ln -sv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
"mysql" -> "mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/"
[root@cwt-client local]# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 14 root root 163 6月  20 11:25 apache
drwxr-xr-x.  6 root root  58 6月  20 11:39 apr
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root  43 6月  20 11:40 apr-util
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 bin
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 etc
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 games
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 include
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 lib
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 lib64
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root  36 8月   9 00:20 mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x   9 root root 129 8月   9 00:11 mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 sbin
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root  49 3月  16 22:14 share
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 src

//修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[root@cwt-client ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@cwt-client ~]# ll /usr/local/mysql -d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 36 8月   9 00:20 /usr/local/mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/

//添加环境变量
[root@cwt-client ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql
bin  COPYING  docs  include  lib  man  README  share  support-files
[root@cwt-client ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@cwt-client ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@cwt-client ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

//建立数据存放目录
[root@cwt-client mysql]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@cwt-client mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@cwt-client mysql]# ll /opt/
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x  2 root  root  6 6月   4 18:41 chen
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql 6 8月   9 00:34 data
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root  6 7月   3 23:36 guazai
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root  6 7月   3 23:27 smb

//初始化数据库
[root@cwt-client ~]#  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/
2019-08-08T16:37:16.707169Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-08-08T16:37:17.145063Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2019-08-08T16:37:17.296144Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2019-08-08T16:37:17.403792Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: c8d77958-b9fa-11e9-8864-000c29882149.
2019-08-08T16:37:17.404479Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2019-08-08T16:37:17.422215Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 09,J8kly(z=a
//请注意，这个命令的最后会生成一个临时密码，此处密码是09,J8kly(z=a，这个密码是随机的。

//配置mysql
[root@cwt-client ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql
"/usr/local/include/mysql" -> "/usr/local/mysql/include/"
[root@cwt-client ~]# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@cwt-client ~]# ldconfig -v
ldconfig: 无法对 /libx32 进行 stat 操作: 没有那个文件或目录
ldconfig: 多次给出路径“/usr/lib”
ldconfig: 多次给出路径“/usr/lib64”
ldconfig: 无法对 /usr/libx32 进行 stat 操作: 没有那个文件或目录
/usr/lib64/dyninst:
	libsymtabAPI.so.9.3 -> libsymtabAPI.so.9.3.1
	libsymLite.so.9.3 -> libsymLite.so.9.3.1
......
[root@cwt-client ~]# ldconfig -p |grep mysql
	libmysqlclient.so.20 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/limysqlclient.so.20
	libmysqlclient.so.18 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.18
	libmysqlclient.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so
	libmysqlclient.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so

//生成配置文件
[root@cwt-client ~]# cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF
> [mysqld]
> basedir = /usr/local/mysql
> datadir = /opt/data
> socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
> port = 3306
> pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
> user = mysql
> skip-name-resolve
> EOF

//配置服务启动脚本
[root@cwt-client ~]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@cwt-client ~]# sed -ri 's#^(basedir=).*#\1/usr/local/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@cwt-client ~]# sed -ri 's#^(datadir=).*#\1/opt/data#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld

//启动mysql
[root@cwt-client ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL SUCCESS! 
[root@cwt-client ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root       1479      1  0 00:44 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/data --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid
mysql      1657   1479  0 00:44 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqd --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/opt/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=cwt-client.err --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root       1872   1325  0 00:45 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@cwt-client ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN     0      128        *:22                     *:*                  
LISTEN     0      100    127.0.0.1:25                     *:*                  
LISTEN     0      128       :::22                    :::*                  
LISTEN     0      100      ::1:25                    :::*                  
LISTEN     0      80        :::3306                  :::*            
//修改密码
//使用临时密码登录
[root@cwt-client ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.22

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

//设置新密码
mysql> set password = password('123!');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye

3.安装php

//环境：192.168.40.141
//配置yum源
[root@cwt ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@cwt yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@cwt ~]# sed -i 's/\$releasever/7/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@cwt ~]# sed -i 's/^enabled=.*/enabled=1/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@cwt ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@cwt ~]#  rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

//安装依赖包
[root@cwt ~]# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel  libpcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel php72w-mysqlnd

//下载php
[root@cwt ~]# cd /usr/src
[root@cwt src]# wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.8.tar.xz

//编译安装php
[root@cwt src]# tar xf php-7.2.8.tar.xz
 [root@cwt src]# cd php-7.2.8
[root@cwt php-7.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7  \
 --with-config-file-path=/etc \
 --enable-fpm \
 --enable-inline-optimization \
 --disable-debug \
 --disable-rpath \
 --enable-shared \
 --enable-soap \
 --with-openssl \
 --enable-bcmath \
 --with-iconv \
 --with-bz2 \
 --enable-calendar \
 --with-curl \
 --enable-exif  \
 --enable-ftp \
 --with-gd \
 --with-jpeg-dir \
 --with-png-dir \
 --with-zlib-dir \
 --with-freetype-dir \
 --with-gettext \
 --enable-json \
 --enable-mbstring \
 --enable-pdo \
 --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
 --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
 --with-readline \
 --enable-shmop \
 --enable-simplexml \
 --enable-sockets \
 --enable-zip \
 --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
 --with-pear \
 --enable-pcntl \
 --enable-posix
[root@cwt php-7.2.8]# make -j $(cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep processor|wc -l)
[root@cwt php-7.2.8]# make install

//安装后配置
[root@cwt ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@cwt ~]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@cwt php-7.2.8]# which php
/usr/local/php7/bin/php
[root@cwt php-7.2.8]# php -v
PHP 7.2.8 (cli) (built: Aug  9 2019 03:20:34) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies

//配置php-fpm
[root@cwt php-7.2.8]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
[root@cwt php-7.2.8]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@cwt php-7.2.8]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
[root@cwt php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@cwt php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

//编辑php-fpm的配置文件（/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf）：
//配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值
[root@cwt ~]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
pm.max_children = 50    //最多同时提供50个进程提供50个并发服务
pm.start_servers = 5    //启动时启动5个进程
pm.min_spare_servers = 2    //最小空闲进程数
pm.max_spare_servers = 8    //最大空闲进程数

[root@cwt ~]# tail /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the
; file.
; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by:
;  - the global prefix if it's been set (-p argument)
;  - /usr/local/php7 otherwise
include=/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
pm.max_children = 50 
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 2
pm.max_spare_servers = 8

//启动php-fpm
[root@cwt ~]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm  done

//默认情况下，fpm监听在127.0.0.1的9000端口，也可以使用如下命令验证其是否已经监听在相应的套接字
[root@cwt ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128          *:22                       *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100    127.0.0.1:25                       *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128    127.0.0.1:9000                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      5            *:873                      *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128         :::22                      :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100        ::1:25                      :::*                  
LISTEN      0      5           :::873                     :::*                

[root@cwt ~]# ps -ef|grep php
root      48113      1  0 03:39 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf)
nobody    48114  48113  0 03:39 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    48115  48113  0 03:39 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    48116  48113  0 03:39 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    48117  48113  0 03:39 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    48118  48113  0 03:39 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
root      48127   1673  0 03:43 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto php

4.安装后配置

nginx服务端

#  修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件
[root@cwt-nginx ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
http {
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;		##注：若想用域名访问，请修改localhost为域名，并修改hosts文件
            location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;		##注：添加index.php
            }
    }
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;		##注：网页文件存放目录，在本机的/usr/local/nginx/html/目录下
            fastcgi_pass   192.168.40.141:9000;		##注：修改为php服务器地址
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /var/www/$fastcgi_script_name;		##注：将$/scripts修改为根目录（192.168.40.141服务器的存放网页文件的目录）
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
}

#  检查配置文件是否有误
[root@cwt-nginx ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

#  启动服务
[root@cwt-nginx ~]# nginx
[root@cwt-nginx ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port                Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN     0      128                *:80                             *:*                  
LISTEN     0      128                *:22                             *:*                  
LISTEN     0      100        127.0.0.1:25                             *:*                  
LISTEN     0      128               :::22                            :::*                  
LISTEN     0      100              ::1:25                            :::*    

#   在存放网页的目录中创建index.php文件（与配置文件中的“root”项对应）
[root@cwt-nginx ~]# cat > /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php <<EOF
> <?php
>     phpinfo();
> ?>
> EOF

php服务器端

# 配置/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf配置文件
[root@cwt-php ~]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
listen = 192.168.40.141:9000		##   监听的IP地址改为php服务器的IP地址，端口为9000
listen.allowed_clients = 192.168.40.139		##  IP地址为nginx服务器

 #  在php服务器上创建/var/www根目录
 [root@cwt-php ~]# mkdir /var/www

#  在创建的目录中创建index.php文件
[root@cwt-php ~]# cd /var/www
[root@cwt-php www]# vim index.php
<?php
    phpinfo();
?>

#  重启php-fpm服务
[root@cwt-php ~]# service php-fpm restart
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm  done
[root@cwt-php ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port                Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN     0      128                *:22                             *:*                  
LISTEN     0      100        127.0.0.1:25                             *:*                  
LISTEN     0      128    192.168.40.141:9000                           *:*                  
LISTEN     0      128               :::22                            :::*                  
LISTEN     0      100              ::1:25                            :::*

5.访问验证

在windows中的C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts文件最后加上域名

192.168.40.139  www.cwt.com   #  域名自定义

域名访问：
在这里插入图片描述
IP访问:

在这里插入图片描述

第四朵枫叶

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