struts框架的原理,配置和如何让使用
1.配置Struts
1.Struts框架简介
1.1.Struts是Apache软件基金会(ASF)赞助的一个开源项目。它最初是jakarta项目中的一个子项目,并在2004年3月成为ASF的顶级项目。它通过采用JavaServlet/JSP技术,实现了基于JavaEEWeb应用的MVC设计模式的应用框架,是MVC经典设计模式中的一个经典产品。
1.2.Struts框架提供如下服务:
(1)作为控制器的Servlet。
(2)提供大量的标签库。
(3)提供了用于国际化的框架,利用不同的配置文件,可以帮助用户选择合适自己的语言。
(4)提供了JDBC的实现,来定义数据源和数据库连接池。
(5)XML语法分析工具。
(6)文件下载机制。
1.3.引入Struts开发包
(1).下载Struts 包 :http://struts.apache.org/
1.4.创建struts-config.xml 并配置
(1).创建文件truts-config.xml 放在 /WEB-INF目录下
(2).配置表单
[code lang="xml"] <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd"> <struts-config> <!-- 配置表单 --> <form-beans> <form-bean name="employeeForm" type="com.cxk.web.forms.EmployeeForm"></form-bean> </form-beans> <!-- 配置action --> <action-mappings> <action path="/login" parameter="flag" name="employeeForm" type="com.cxk.web.action.LoginAction"> <forward name="ok" path="/WEB-INF/mainFrame.jsp" /> <forward name="err" path="/WEB-INF/login.jsp" /> </action> </action-mappings> </struts-config> [/code]
1.5.web.xml进行如下配置
[code lang="xml"] <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>MyStruts1Prj</display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>action</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>config</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/conf/struts-config.xml</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>debug</param-name> <param-value>3</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>detail</param-name> <param-value>3</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>action</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app> [/code]
1.6.登陆页面login.jsp
[code lang="html"] <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <% String basePath = request.getContextPath(); %> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>登陆页面</title> </head> <body> <h1>登陆页面</h1> <hr> <form action="<%=basePath %>/login.do" method="post" > userName:<input id="userName" name="userName" type="text" /><br> passWord:<input id="passWord" name="passWord" type="password" /><br> <input type="submit" id="submit" name="submit" value="submit" /> </form> </body> </html> [/code]
1.7.登陆成功后的跳转页面loginSucces.jsp
[code lang="html"] <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>登陆成功页面</title> </head> <body> <h1>欢迎[<%=request.getAttribute("userName") %>]登陆成功!</h1> </body> </html> [/code]
1.8. 登陆失败后的跳转页面loginError.jsp
[code lang="html"] <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>登陆失败页面</title> </head> <body> <h1>登陆失败!</h1> </body> </html> [/code]
1.9.新建LoginActionForm.java
[code lang="java"] package com.lanp.webapp.form; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm; /** * 封装登陆表单数据的FORM类 */ @SuppressWarnings("serial") public class LoginActionForm extends ActionForm { private String userName; private String passWord; public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public String getPassWord() { return passWord; } public void setPassWord(String passWord) { this.passWord = passWord; } } [/code]
1.10.新建LoginAction.java
[code lang="java"] package com.lanp.webapp.action; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.apache.struts.action.Action; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping; import com.lanp.webapp.form.LoginActionForm; /** * 处理登陆的Action类 */ public class LoginAction extends Action { @Override public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { String path = "error"; LoginActionForm loginActionForm = (LoginActionForm)form; String userName = loginActionForm.getUserName(); String passWord = loginActionForm.getPassWord(); if(null != userName && "admin".equals(userName) && null != passWord && "admin".equals(passWord)) { path = "success"; request.setAttribute("userName", userName); } else { path = "error"; } return mapping.findForward(path); } } [/code]
OK!