C# & RabbitMQ 之 Exchanges

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最新推荐文章于 2022-11-25 14:50:08 发布

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原文链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/3ac8272b2a8f

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C# & RabbitMQ 之 Exchanges

SMILE_NO_09

Exchanges

在前面的学习中其实已经接触了exchanges,通常情况下，producer 不需要知道发送消息给哪一个queue，只需要发送messages给exchange就足以，exchange一端接受producers的messages,另一端push message到queues。为了准确的处理messages，定义了exchange type：direct, topic, headers ,fanout。

exchange类型

Fanout Exchange

fanout exchange将messages广播到到已经绑定了的queues中。每个queue都会收到producer发送的信息。

发送到所有

fanout exchange代码：
producer：

static void Main(string[] args) {
            //参考：http://www.rabbitmq.com/tutorials/tutorial-one-dotnet.html

            Console.WriteLine("********************fanout producer***************");
            Console.WriteLine("please Input send message：");
            //连接到RabbitMQ

            var factory = new RabbitMQ.Client.ConnectionFactory();
            //第一种方式
            factory.UserName = "admin";
            factory.Password = "admin";
            factory.VirtualHost = "/";
            factory.HostName = "10.19.52.80";

            //第二种方式
            //factory.Uri = new Uri("amqp://admin:admin@10.19.52.80:5672/");
            //产生一个连接对象
            using (var conncetion = factory.CreateConnection()) {
                //通过conncetion产生一个连接通道
                using (var channel = conncetion.CreateModel()){
                    //用代码实现 exchanges和Queues 
                    //定义exchanges
                    string exchangeName = "Efanout_test";
                    //设置类型 Fanout
                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchangeName, ExchangeType.Fanout);
                    //定义Queues
                    string queueName1 = "qfanout_test1";
                    string queueName2 = "qfanout_test2";

                    bool durable = true;//设RabbitMQ置持久化

                    channel.QueueDeclare(queueName1, durable, false, false, null);
                    channel.QueueDeclare(queueName2, durable, false, false, null);
                    //绑定 queue 与exchange
                    channel.QueueBind(queueName1, exchangeName, "", null);
                    channel.QueueBind(queueName2, exchangeName, "", null);

                    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
                        string message = i.ToString();

                        var body = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message);
                        var properties = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
                        properties.Persistent = true;
                        channel.BasicPublish(exchange: "Efanout_test", routingKey: "", mandatory: false, basicProperties: properties, body: body);
                        Console.WriteLine("[producer] send : {0}", message);
                        Thread.Sleep(1000);
                    }
                }
            }
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

接受端代码：

static void Main(string[] args){
           //参考：http://www.rabbitmq.com/tutorials/tutorial-one-dotnet.html

            Console.WriteLine("********************fanout c1***************");
            //连接MQ
            var factory = new ConnectionFactory();
            factory.UserName = "admin";
            factory.Password = "admin";
            factory.VirtualHost = "/";
            factory.HostName = "10.19.52.80";

            //产生连接对象
            using (var connection = factory.CreateConnection()) {
                //通道
                using (var channel = connection.CreateModel()) {
                    //公平调用
                    //channel.BasicQos(prefetchSize:0,prefetchCount:1,global:false);

                    //订阅方式获取message
                    var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
                    //实现获取message处理事件
                    consumer.Received += (model, ea) => {
                        var body = ea.Body;
                        var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(body);

                    Console.WriteLine("[qfanout_test1] received : {0}", message);

                    //手动设置回复
                    channel.BasicAck(deliveryTag: ea.DeliveryTag, multiple: false);
                };
                //设置手动回复认证 接受队列名称
                channel.BasicConsume(queue: "qfanout_test1", autoAck: false, consumer: consumer);
                //另一个的参数
                //channel.BasicConsume(queue: "qfanout_test2", autoAck: false, consumer: consumer);
                Console.ReadLine();
           }
       }
}

web管理界面绑定关系：

运行结果：

Direct exchange

前面的fanout 类型中，只要exchange与queue绑定，message 发送给所有与exchange有绑定关系的queue中，但是有时候不是我们只希望传递message到某些queue中时就需要用到direct exchange，在QueueBind时添加routing key来实现。

代码实现：
Direct_P:

static void Main(string[] args){
            //参考：http://www.rabbitmq.com/tutorials/tutorial-one-dotnet.html

            Console.WriteLine("********************Direct P***************");
            Console.WriteLine("please Input send message：");
            //连接到RabbitMQ

            var factory = new RabbitMQ.Client.ConnectionFactory();
            //第一种方式
            factory.UserName = "admin";
            factory.Password = "admin";
            factory.VirtualHost = "/";
            factory.HostName = "10.19.52.80";

            //第二种方式
            //factory.Uri = new Uri("amqp://admin:admin@10.19.52.80:5672/");
            //产生一个连接对象
            using (var conncetion = factory.CreateConnection()){
                //通过conncetion产生一个连接通道
                using (var channel = conncetion.CreateModel()){
                    //用代码实现 exchanges和Queues 
                    //定义exchanges
                    string exchangeName = "EDirect_test";
                    //设置类型 Fanout
                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchangeName, ExchangeType.Direct);
                    //定义Queues
                    string queueName1 = "qDirect_test1";
                    string queueName2 = "qDirect_test2";
                    bool durable = true;//设RabbitMQ置持久化


                    channel.QueueDeclare(queueName1, durable, false, false, null);
                    channel.QueueDeclare(queueName2, durable, false, false, null);
                    //绑定 queue 与exchange
                    //routingkey info  waring error 
                    channel.QueueBind(queueName1, exchangeName, "info", null);
                    channel.QueueBind(queueName2, exchangeName, "error", null);
                    channel.QueueBind(queueName2, exchangeName, "waring", null);

                    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++){
                        string message = null;

                        var properties = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
                        properties.Persistent = true;
                        string routingkey = null;

                        if (i%3 == 0){
                            message = "error";
                            routingkey = "error";
                        } else if (i%3 == 1){
                            message = "waring";
                            routingkey = "waring";
                        } else {
                            message = "info";
                            routingkey = "info";
                        }

                        var body = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message);
                        channel.BasicPublish( "EDirect_test", routingkey,  false, properties,  body);
                        Console.WriteLine("[Direct P] send : {0}", message);
                        Thread.Sleep(1000);
                    }
                }
            }
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

Direct_C:

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //参考：http://www.rabbitmq.com/tutorials/tutorial-one-dotnet.html

            Console.WriteLine("********************Direct_C2***************");
            //连接MQ
            var factory = new ConnectionFactory();
            factory.UserName = "admin";
            factory.Password = "admin";
            factory.VirtualHost = "/";
            factory.HostName = "10.19.52.80";

            //产生连接对象
            using (var connection = factory.CreateConnection())
            {
                //通道
                using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
                {
                    //公平调用
                    //channel.BasicQos(prefetchSize:0,prefetchCount:1,global:false);

                    //订阅方式获取message
                    var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
                    //实现获取message处理事件
                    consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>
                    {
                        var body = ea.Body;
                        var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(body);
                        var routingKey = ea.RoutingKey;
                        Console.WriteLine("[Direct_C2] received : {0}--routingkey {1}", message,routingKey);

                        //手动设置回复
                        channel.BasicAck(deliveryTag: ea.DeliveryTag, multiple: false);
                    };
                    //设置手动回复认证
                    channel.BasicConsume(queue: "qDirect_test2", autoAck: false, consumer: consumer);
                    Console.ReadLine();
                }
            }
        }

代码实现的结构如图：

运行结果：

Direct exchange实现效果
Web后台绑定关系：

后台绑定关系

Topic exchange

简单的理解Topic exchange是在Direct exchange上的扩展，routing_key不局限于完全匹配，而是像一种正则的样子去匹配。不过只有两个特殊通配符：
* 号用来匹配一个单词，比如"quick.orange.rabbit" 就可以用*.orange. 匹配到*
#号用来匹配0到多个单词，比如“lazy.orange.male.rabbit”可以用lazy.# 匹配

ETopic_P.cs

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //参考：http://www.rabbitmq.com/tutorials/tutorial-one-dotnet.html

            Console.WriteLine("********************ETopic P***************");
            Console.WriteLine("please Input send message：");
            //连接到RabbitMQ

            var factory = new RabbitMQ.Client.ConnectionFactory();
            //第一种方式
            factory.UserName = "admin";
            factory.Password = "admin";
            factory.VirtualHost = "/";
            factory.HostName = "10.19.52.80";

            //第二种方式
            //factory.Uri = new Uri("amqp://admin:admin@10.19.52.80:5672/");
            //产生一个连接对象
            using (var conncetion = factory.CreateConnection())
            {
                //通过conncetion产生一个连接通道
                using (var channel = conncetion.CreateModel())
                {
                    //用代码实现 exchanges和Queues 
                    //定义exchanges
                    string exchangeName = "ETopic_test";
                    //设置类型 Fanout
                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchangeName, ExchangeType.Topic);
                    //定义Queues
                    string queueName1 = "qTopic_test1";
                    string queueName2 = "qTopic_test2";
                    string queueName3 = "qTopic_test3";
                    bool durable = true;//设RabbitMQ置持久化


                    channel.QueueDeclare(queueName1, durable, false, false, null);
                    channel.QueueDeclare(queueName2, durable, false, false, null);
                    channel.QueueDeclare(queueName3, durable, false, false, null);
                    //绑定 queue 与exchange
                    //routingkey info  waring error 
                    channel.QueueBind(queueName1, exchangeName, "log.#", null);
                    channel.QueueBind(queueName2, exchangeName, "*.error", null);
                    channel.QueueBind(queueName3, exchangeName, "*.waring", null);

                    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
                    {
                        string message = null;

                        //var properties = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
                        //properties.Persistent = true;
                        string routingkey = null;

                        if (i % 3 == 0)
                        {
                            message = "error";
                            routingkey = "log.error";
                        }
                        else if (i % 3 == 1)
                        {
                            message = "waring";
                            routingkey = "log.waring";
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            message = "info";
                            routingkey = "log.waring.error";
                        }

                        var body = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message);
                        channel.BasicPublish("ETopic_test", routingkey, false, null, body);
                        Console.WriteLine("[ETopic P] send : {0}", message);
                        Thread.Sleep(1000);
                    }
                }
            }
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

ETopic_C.cs

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //参考：http://www.rabbitmq.com/tutorials/tutorial-one-dotnet.html

            Console.WriteLine("********************Topic_C3***************");
            //连接MQ
            var factory = new ConnectionFactory();
            factory.UserName = "admin";
            factory.Password = "admin";
            factory.VirtualHost = "/";
            factory.HostName = "10.19.52.80";

            //产生连接对象
            using (var connection = factory.CreateConnection())
            {
                //通道
                using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
                {
                    //公平调用
                    //channel.BasicQos(prefetchSize:0,prefetchCount:1,global:false);

                    //订阅方式获取message
                    var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
                    //实现获取message处理事件
                    consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>
                    {
                        var body = ea.Body;
                        var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(body);
                        var routingKey = ea.RoutingKey;
                        Console.WriteLine("[Topic_C3] received : {0}--routingkey {1}", message, routingKey);

                        //手动设置回复
                        channel.BasicAck(deliveryTag: ea.DeliveryTag, multiple: false);
                    };
                    //设置手动回复认证
                    channel.BasicConsume(queue: "qTopic_test3", autoAck: false, consumer: consumer);
                    Console.ReadLine();
                }
            }
        }

Topic exchange运行结果

Web后台绑定关系

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C# & RabbitMQ 之 Exchanges

C# & RabbitMQ 之 ExchangesSMILE_NO_09终于找到leExchanges在前面的学习中其实已经接触了exchanges,通常情况下，producer 不需要知道发送消息给哪一个queue，只需要发送messages给exchange就足以，exchange一端接受producers的messages,另一端push message到queues。为了准确的处理messages，定义了exchange type：direct, topic, headers
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