Try-with-resource在进行资源关闭时候替换try-catch-finally

Try-with-resource在进行资源关闭时候替换try-catch-finally

参考：https://zhangshuai.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88542224

概述

网络连接或者文件资源都需要自己去手动释放关闭，如InputStream,OutStream,SqlConnection等

JDK1.7开始，java引入了 try-with-resources 声明，将 try-catch-finally 简化为 try-catch，这其实是一种语法糖，在编译时会进行转化为 try-catch-finally 语句。新的声明包含三部分：try-with-resources 声明、try 块、catch 块。它要求在 try-with-resources 声明中定义的变量实现了 AutoCloseable 接口，这样在系统可以自动调用它们的close方法，从而替代了finally中关闭资源的功能。

//常见Java文件资源关闭
BufferedWriter writer = null;
try {
    writer = Files.newBufferedWriter(file, charset);
    writer.write(s, 0, s.length());
} catch (IOException x) {
    System.err.format("IOException: %s%n", x);
} finally {
    if (writer != null) writer.close();
}

• 上面的代码必须在finally代码块里面进行资源的关闭，否则随着程序不断运行，资源泄露会累计成重大生产事故。

try-with-resource

• 这里我们可以使用Java1.7新增的try-with-resource语法糖来打开资源，无需自己手动进行关闭资源

• public class TryWithResource {
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          try (BufferedInputStream bin = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File("test.txt")));
               BufferedOutputStream bout = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("out.txt")))) {
              int b;
              while ((b = bin.read()) != -1) {
                  bout.write(b);
              }
          }
          catch (IOException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }
      }
  }
  
  

• 所谓的try-with-resource我理解的就是在原来的try-catch-finaly上面减少了finally代码块，让程序自动执行close方法

• 这里要记住一点，这些资源必须要实现AutoCloseAble接口

• 
  //关闭单一资源
  public class Demo {    
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          try(Resource res = new Resource()) {
              res.doSome();
          } catch(Exception ex) {
              ex.printStackTrace();
          }
      }
  }
  
  class Resource implements AutoCloseable {
      void doSome() {
          System.out.println("do something");
      }
      @Override
      public void close() throws Exception {
          System.out.println("resource is closed");
      }
  }
  
  //结果
  do something
  resource is closed
  

• 
  //关闭多个资源
  public class Main2 {    
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          try(ResourceSome some = new ResourceSome();
               ResourceOther other = new ResourceOther()) {
              some.doSome();
              other.doOther();
          } catch(Exception ex) {
              ex.printStackTrace();
          }
      }
  }
  
  class ResourceSome implements AutoCloseable {
      void doSome() {
          System.out.println("do something");
      }
      @Override
      public void close() throws Exception {
          System.out.println("some resource is closed");
      }
  }
  
  class ResourceOther implements AutoCloseable {
      void doOther() {
          System.out.println("do other things");
      }
      @Override
      public void close() throws Exception {
          System.out.println("other resource is closed");
      }
  }
  
  //结果
  do something
  do other things
  other resource is closed
  some resource is closed
  
  
  
  
  
  

更简便理解-下面两部分代码相同

区别就是:try-with-resource部分

1. 继承了AutoCloseAble接口
2. 少了finally代码块
3. 其他都是一摸一样的

public class TryWithResource implements AutoCloseable {

    private int age = 18;

    @Override
    public void close() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("this is close 方法");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (TryWithResource tryWithResource = new TryWithResource()) {
            System.out.println(tryWithResource.age);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

public class TryWithResource{

    private int age = 18;

    public void close() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("this is close 方法");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TryWithResource tryWithResource = new TryWithResource();
        try {
            System.out.println(tryWithResource.age);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                tryWithResource.close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}