Encoding与Encoder

下面的代码示例演示如何使用指定的编码将 Unicode 字符数组转换为字节块。为进行比较，首先使用 UTF7Encoding 对字符数组进行编码。然后，再使用 Encoder 对该字符数组进行编码。

using System;
using System.Text;

class EncoderTest {
    public static void Main() {
        // The characters to encode.
        Char[] chars = new Char[] {
            '/u0023', // #
            '/u0025', // %
            '/u03a0', // Pi
            '/u03a3'  // Sigma
        };

        // Encode characters using an Encoding object.
        Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF7;
        Console.WriteLine("Using Encoding/n--------------");

        // Encode complete array for comparison.
        Byte[] allCharactersFromEncoding = encoding.GetBytes(chars);
        Console.WriteLine("All characters encoded:");
        ShowArray(allCharactersFromEncoding);

        // Encode characters, one-by-one.
        // The Encoding object will NOT maintain state between calls.
        Byte[] firstchar = encoding.GetBytes(chars, 0, 1);
        Console.WriteLine("First character:");
        ShowArray(firstchar);

        Byte[] secondchar = encoding.GetBytes(chars, 1, 1);
        Console.WriteLine("Second character:");
        ShowArray(secondchar);

        Byte[] thirdchar = encoding.GetBytes(chars, 2, 1);
        Console.WriteLine("Third character:");
        ShowArray(thirdchar);

        Byte[] fourthchar = encoding.GetBytes(chars, 3, 1);
        Console.WriteLine("Fourth character:");
        ShowArray(fourthchar);

        // Now, encode characters using an Encoder object.
        Encoder encoder = encoding.GetEncoder();
        Console.WriteLine("Using Encoder/n-------------");

        // Encode complete array for comparison.
        Byte[] allCharactersFromEncoder = new Byte[encoder.GetByteCount(chars, 0, chars.Length, true)];
        encoder.GetBytes(chars, 0, chars.Length, allCharactersFromEncoder, 0, true);
        Console.WriteLine("All characters encoded:");
        ShowArray(allCharactersFromEncoder);

        // Do not flush state; i.e. maintain state between calls.
        bool bFlushState = false;

        // Encode characters one-by-one.
        // By maintaining state, the Encoder will not store extra bytes in the output.
        Byte[] firstcharNoFlush = new Byte[encoder.GetByteCount(chars, 0, 1, bFlushState)];
        encoder.GetBytes(chars, 0, 1, firstcharNoFlush, 0, bFlushState);
        Console.WriteLine("First character:");
        ShowArray(firstcharNoFlush);

        Byte[] secondcharNoFlush = new Byte[encoder.GetByteCount(chars, 1, 1, bFlushState)];
        encoder.GetBytes(chars, 1, 1, secondcharNoFlush, 0, bFlushState);
        Console.WriteLine("Second character:");
        ShowArray(secondcharNoFlush);

        Byte[] thirdcharNoFlush = new Byte[encoder.GetByteCount(chars, 2, 1, bFlushState)];
        encoder.GetBytes(chars, 2, 1, thirdcharNoFlush, 0, bFlushState);
        Console.WriteLine("Third character:");
        ShowArray(thirdcharNoFlush);

        // Must flush state on last call to GetBytes().
        bFlushState = true;
       
        Byte[] fourthcharNoFlush = new Byte[encoder.GetByteCount(chars, 3, 1, bFlushState)];
        encoder.GetBytes(chars, 3, 1, fourthcharNoFlush, 0, bFlushState);
        Console.WriteLine("Fourth character:");
        ShowArray(fourthcharNoFlush);
    }

    public static void ShowArray(Array theArray) {
        foreach (Object o in theArray) {
            Console.Write("[{0}]", o);
        }
        Console.WriteLine("/n");
    }
} 

============================================

 

 

Encoding是表示字符编码。abstract

	Unicode	获取使用 Little-Endian 字节顺序的 UTF-16 格式的编码。
	UTF32	获取使用 Little-Endian 字节顺序的 UTF-32 格式的编码。
	UTF7	获取 UTF-7 格式的编码。
	UTF8

的基类，

Encoder是编码器，

是着特定作用的编码器

Encoder 维护对 GetBytes 的连续调用间的状态信息，因此它可以正确地对跨块的字符序列进行编码。Encoder 还保留数据块结尾的尾部字符并将这些尾部字符用在下一次编码操作中。例如，一个数据块的末尾可能是一个不匹配的高代理项，而与其匹配的低代理项则可能位于下一个数据块中。因此，Decoder 和 Encoder 对网络传输和文件操作很有用，这是因为这些操作通常处理数据块而不是完整的数据流。

主要写网络传输及文件操用中保留状态信息有用，