如何在Java中修改XML文件-（DOM分析器）

在此示例中，我们演示了如何使用DOM解析器修改现有的XML文件：

1. 添加一个新元素
2. 更新现有元素属性
3. 更新现有元素值
4. 删除现有元素

1. XML文件

请参见XML文件之前和之后。

File：file.xml –原始XML文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no" ?> 
<company>
   <staff id="1">
	<firstname>yong</firstname>
	<lastname>mook kim</lastname>
	<nickname>mkyong</nickname>
	<salary>100000</salary>
   </staff>
</company>

稍后，通过DOM XML Parser更新上述​​XML文件。

1. 更新人员属性ID = 2
2. 将薪水值更新为200000
3. 在员工下添加新的“年龄”元素
4. 删除人员下的“名字”元素

File：file.xml –新修改的XML文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no" ?> 
<company>
   <staff id="2">
	<lastname>mook kim</lastname>
	<nickname>mkyong</nickname>
	<salary>2000000</salary> 
        <age>28</age> 
   </staff>
</company>

2. DOM解析器

DOM XML解析器可更新上述XML文件。

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

public class ModifyXMLFile {

	public static void main(String argv[]) {

	   try {
		String filepath = "c:\\file.xml";
		DocumentBuilderFactory docFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder docBuilder = docFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document doc = docBuilder.parse(filepath);

		// Get the root element
		Node company = doc.getFirstChild();

		// Get the staff element , it may not working if tag has spaces, or
		// whatever weird characters in front...it's better to use
		// getElementsByTagName() to get it directly.
		// Node staff = company.getFirstChild();

		// Get the staff element by tag name directly
		Node staff = doc.getElementsByTagName("staff").item(0);

		// update staff attribute
		NamedNodeMap attr = staff.getAttributes();
		Node nodeAttr = attr.getNamedItem("id");
		nodeAttr.setTextContent("2");

		// append a new node to staff
		Element age = doc.createElement("age");
		age.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("28"));
		staff.appendChild(age);

		// loop the staff child node
		NodeList list = staff.getChildNodes();

		for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {
			
                   Node node = list.item(i);

		   // get the salary element, and update the value
		   if ("salary".equals(node.getNodeName())) {
			node.setTextContent("2000000");
		   }

                   //remove firstname
		   if ("firstname".equals(node.getNodeName())) {
			staff.removeChild(node);
		   }

		}

		// write the content into xml file
		TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
		DOMSource source = new DOMSource(doc);
		StreamResult result = new StreamResult(new File(filepath));
		transformer.transform(source, result);

		System.out.println("Done");

	   } catch (ParserConfigurationException pce) {
		pce.printStackTrace();
	   } catch (TransformerException tfe) {
		tfe.printStackTrace();
	   } catch (IOException ioe) {
		ioe.printStackTrace();
	   } catch (SAXException sae) {
		sae.printStackTrace();
	   }
	}
}

标签： DOM Java 修改 XML

翻译自: https://mkyong.com/java/how-to-modify-xml-file-in-java-dom-parser/