AtCoder Grand Contest 019 B - Reverse and Compare

题意：
可以选择一个子串翻转一次 能得到多少个不同的串

做法：
考虑一个串的首尾是相同的字母
假设它的长度为n
那么翻转[1,n] 等价于 翻转[2,n-1]
所以忽略掉翻转[1,n]的情况

问题就转化为求有多少对相同的字母
总共可翻转的选择减去这些情况就是答案

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <queue>
#include <cstdio>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <utility>
#include <stack>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <vector>
#include <ctime>
#include <bitset>
using namespace std;
#define pb push_back
#define sd(n) scanf("%d",&n)
#define sdd(n,m) scanf("%d%d",&n,&m)
#define sddd(n,m,k) scanf("%d%d%d",&n,&m,&k)
#define sld(n) scanf("%lld",&n)
#define sldd(n,m) scanf("%lld%lld",&n,&m)
#define slddd(n,m,k) scanf("%lld%lld%lld",&n,&m,&k)
#define sf(n) scanf("%lf",&n)
#define sff(n,m) scanf("%lf%lf",&n,&m)
#define sfff(n,m,k) scanf("%lf%lf%lf",&n,&m,&k)
#define ss(str) scanf("%s",str)
#define ans() printf("%d",ans)
#define ansn() printf("%d\n",ans)
#define anss() printf("%d ",ans)
#define lans() printf("%lld",ans)
#define lanss() printf("%lld ",ans)
#define lansn() printf("%lld\n",ans)
#define fansn() printf("%.5f\n",ans)
#define r0(i,n) for(int i=0;i<(n);++i)
#define r1(i,e) for(int i=1;i<=e;++i)
#define rn(i,e) for(int i=e;i>=1;--i)
#define rsz(i,v) for(int i=0;i<(int)v.size();++i)
#define szz(x) ((int)x.size())
#define mst(abc,bca) memset(abc,bca,sizeof abc)
#define lowbit(a) (a&(-a))
#define all(a) a.begin(),a.end()
#define pii pair<int,int>
#define pli pair<ll,int>
#define mp make_pair
#define lrt rt<<1
#define rrt rt<<1|1
#define X first
#define Y second
#define PI (acos(-1.0))
#define sqr(a) ((a)*(a))
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
const int mod = 1000000000+7;
const double eps=1e-9;
const int inf=0x3f3f3f3f;
const ll infl = 10000000000000000;
const int maxn=  200000+10;
const int maxm = 10000+10;

int in(int &ret)
{
    char c;
    int sgn ;
    if(c=getchar(),c==EOF)return -1;
    while(c!='-'&&(c<'0'||c>'9'))c=getchar();
    sgn = (c=='-')?-1:1;
    ret = (c=='-')?0:(c-'0');
    while(c=getchar(),c>='0'&&c<='9')ret = ret*10+(c-'0');
    ret *=sgn;
    return 1;
}

char s[maxn];
int cnt[30];
int main()
{
#ifdef LOCAL
    freopen("input.txt","r",stdin);
//    freopen("output.txt","w",stdout);
#endif // LOCAL

//    freopen("kingdom.in","r",stdin);
//    freopen("kingdom.out","w",stdout);

    ss(s+1);
    int n = strlen(s+1);
    for(int i=1;i<=n;++i)
    {
        int idx = s[i]-'a';
        cnt[idx]++;
    }
    ll ans = 1LL*(n-1)*n/2 +1 ;
    for(int i=0;i<26;++i)
    {
        int a = cnt[i];
        ans -= 1LL*(a-1)*a/2;
    }
    lansn();
    return 0;
}