网络框架-Volley

网络框架-Volley

Volley概述:

Volley是Google 2013年I/O大会推出的针对Android的HTTP网络请求框架，让网络请求更简单，更快。

特点：

• 自动调度网络请求
• 支持并发网络连接
• 支持标准的HTTP缓存协议（由服务器来决定是否缓存数据）
• 支持请求优先级设置
• 支持取消单个或多个请求
• 易于定制，扩展性强。比如Retry&Backoff机制
• 强大的网络请求能力让你轻松的发送异步请求来填充UI数据
• 提供调试和跟踪工具
  优点:
  擅长将RPC(远程过程调用协议,C/S模式)类型的操作，用来展示服务器数据。比如以某种数据格式获取一页搜索结果。支持任意的数据传输格式，比如图片，字符串，json，你也可以定义自己的数据格式。其实就是自定义Request。Volley让你不再写这些重复的模板代码（网络请求逻辑，不再重复造轮子），这样你就可以专注于你应用本身的业务逻辑.
  缺点:
  由于Volley都是在内存中解析和处理数据，所以不适合大数据量的下载操作。如果需要下载大文件，可以考虑使用系统的DownloadManager

注意事项:

• 如果自己编译Volley的话,compileSdkVersion需要<=22,直接使用Volley框架
• 如果大于等于22，需要引入：useLibrary “org.apache.http.legacy”，集成httpClinet的Api(这是因为在Android6.0中Google移除了httpClient相关的API)
• Volley仅适合用于通信频繁数据量小的网络操作
• 大数据量的网络操作并不适合Volley

基本使用

发送get请求

//获取最新博客列表
String url = "http://www.oschina.net/action/api/blog_list?pageIndex=0&pageSize=20&type=latest";
//构建请求队列
RequestQueue requestQueue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);
//构建请求对象
Request<? extends Object> request = new StringRequest(url, new Response.Listener<String>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(String response) {
        Toast.makeText(GetActivity.this, "结果 = " + response, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}, new Response.ErrorListener() {
@Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
        Toast.makeText(GetActivity.this, "错误 = " + error, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    }
});
//添加到请求队列中,并执行请求
requestQueue.add(request);

发送post请求

String url = "http://www.oschina.net/action/api/login_validate";

//封装请求参数
final Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("keep_login", "1");
params.put("username", "xxx.com");
params.put("pwd", "xxx");
//构建请求队列
RequestQueue requestQueue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);
//构建请求对象,并重写request内部方法getParams,设置请求参数
Request<? extends Object> request = new StringRequest(Request.Method.POST, url, new Response.Listener<String>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(String response) {
        Toast.makeText(PostActivity.this, "登录成功 = " + response, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    }
}, new Response.ErrorListener() {
@Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
        Toast.makeText(PostActivity.this, "登录失败 = ", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    }
}) {
@Override
protected Map<String, String> getParams() throws AuthFailureError {
        return params;
    }
};
//将请求对象添加到请求队列中,并执行请求
requestQueue.add(request);

自定义请求对象(Request)

 /**
     * 自定义Request
     */
    private class MyRequest extends Request<String>{
        private Response.Listener<String>mListener;
        private Map<String, String>params;
        private Map<String, String>headers;
        public MyRequest(int method, String url, Map<String, String>  params, Map<String, String> headers, Response.Listener<String> listener,
                         Response.ErrorListener errorListener) {
            super(method, url, errorListener);
            mListener = listener;
            this.params = params;
            this.headers = headers;
        }
        //设置请求参数
        @Override
        protected Map<String, String> getParams() throws AuthFailureError {
            if(params == null){
                params = Collections.EMPTY_MAP;
            }
            return params;
        }
        //设置请求头信息
        @Override
        public Map<String, String> getHeaders() throws AuthFailureError {
            if(headers == null){
                headers = Collections.EMPTY_MAP;
            }
            return headers;
        }
        //处理响应结果
        @Override
        protected Response<String> parseNetworkResponse(NetworkResponse response) {
            String parsed;
            try {
                parsed = new String(response.data, HttpHeaderParser.parseCharset(response.headers));
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                parsed = new String(response.data);
            }
            return Response.success(parsed, HttpHeaderParser.parseCacheHeaders(response));
        }
        //将响应结果分发给客户端
        @Override
        protected void deliverResponse(String response) {
            mListener.onResponse(response);
        }
    }

自定义请求列队

    DiskBasedCache diskBaseCache = new DiskBasedCache(getCacheDir(), 10 * 1024 * 1024);
    BasicNetwork newtwork = new BasicNetwork(new HurlStack());
    //自定义请求队列
    RequestQueue  requestQueue = new RequestQueue(
            diskBaseCache,//缓存工具, 将请求的响应结果,进行缓存
            newtwork
    );

    //获取最新博客列表
    String url = "http://www.oschina.net/action/api/blog_list?pageIndex=0&pageSize=20&type=latest";
    Request<? extends Object> request = new StringRequest(url, new Response.Listener<String>() {
        @Override
        public void onResponse(String response) {
            Toast.makeText(RequestQueueActivity.this, "结果 = " + response, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }, new Response.ErrorListener() {
        @Override
        public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
            Toast.makeText(RequestQueueActivity.this, "错误 = " + error, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    });
//添加到请求队列中
requestQueue.add(request);
//执行请求
requestQueue.start();

上传文件

  String url = "http://www.oschina.net/action/apiv2/resource_image";
    RequestQueue requestQueue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);
    Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("resource", new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/bear.png"));
    MultipartRequest multipartRequest = new MultipartRequest(
            url,
            null,
            params,
            new Response.Listener<String>(){
                @Override
                public void onResponse(String response) {
                    Toast.makeText(PostActivity.this, "登录成功 = " + response, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            },
            new Response.ErrorListener(){
                @Override
                public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
                    Toast.makeText(PostActivity.this, "登录失败 = ", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }
    );
requestQueue.add(multipartRequest);


//这里需要自定义MultipartRequest
public class MultipartRequest extends Request<String> {
        private MultipartEntity entity;
        private final Response.Listener<String>mListener;
        private List<Part>partList = new ArrayList<Part>();
        private Map<String, String>mHeaders;

        public MultipartRequest(String url,
                                Response.ErrorListener errorListener,//
                                Response.Listener<String> listener,//
                                Map<String, Object> params,//
                                Map<String, String> headers

        ) {
            super(Method.POST, url, errorListener);
            mHeaders = headers;
            mListener = listener;

            if (params != null && params.size() >0) {
                for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {
                    String key = entry.getKey();
                    Object o = entry.getValue();
                    if (o instanceof File) {
                        try {
                            partList.add(new FilePart(key, (File) o));
                        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    } else {
                        partList.add(new StringPart(key, (String) o));
                    }
                }
            }

            buildMultipartEntity();
        }

        private void buildMultipartEntity() {
            try {
                entity = new MultipartEntity(partList.toArray(new Part[partList.size()]));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                VolleyLog.e("UnsupportedEncodingException");
            }
        }

        @Override
        public String getBodyContentType() {
            return entity.getContentType().getValue();
        }

        @Override
        public byte[] getBody() throws AuthFailureError {
            ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            try {
                entity.writeTo(bos);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                VolleyLog.e("IOException writing to ByteArrayOutputStream");
            }
            return bos.toByteArray();
        }

        @Override
        protected Response<String> parseNetworkResponse(NetworkResponse response) {
            String parsed;
            try {
                parsed = new String(response.data,
                        HttpHeaderParser.parseCharset(response.headers));
                ALog.d(parsed);
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                parsed = new String(response.data);
            }
            return Response.success(parsed,
                    HttpHeaderParser.parseCacheHeaders(response));
        }

        /*
             * (non-Javadoc)
             *
             * @see com.android.volley.Request#getHeaders()
             */
        @Override
        public Map<String, String> getHeaders() throws AuthFailureError {
            if (mHeaders == null || mHeaders.equals(Collections.emptyMap())) {
                mHeaders = new HashMap<String, String>();
            }
            return mHeaders;
        }
        @Override
        protected void deliverResponse(String response) {
            mListener.onResponse(response);
        }

自我感觉好繁琐...