Java图形界面编程练习——五子棋程序

1、一些对象和静态常量的定义

//定义三个BufferedImage，分别代表棋盘图、黑子图、白子图
    private BufferedImage table;
    private BufferedImage black;
    private BufferedImage white;

    //定义一个BufferedImage，代表当鼠标移动时将要下子的选择框
    private BufferedImage selected;

    //定义棋盘的宽高，这里的定义尺寸和给定的board.jpg图片的尺寸一致因为棋盘背景是通过图片加载的
    private final int TABLE_WIDTH = 535;
    private final int TABLE_HEIGHT = 536;

    //定义棋盘中，每行和每列可下子的数目，这个数目跟给定的board.jpg中的数目是一致的，都为15
    private final int  BOARD_SIZE = 15;

    //定义每个棋子所占棋盘总宽度的大小比率；每个棋子所占宽度 535/15=35
    private final int RATE = TABLE_WIDTH/BOARD_SIZE;

    //定义棋盘有效区域与背景图坐标之间的偏移值，x坐标右移5个像素，y坐标下移6个像素
    private final int X_OFFSET = 5;
    private final int Y_OFFSET = 6;

2、定义一个二维数组用于记录棋子

该数组的索引与该棋子在棋盘上的坐标需要有一个对应关系：
    例如： 索引[2][3]处的棋子，对一个的真实绘制坐标应该是：

        xpos = 2*RATE+X_OFFSET=75;
        ypos = 3*RATE+Y_OFFSET=111;

private int[][] board = new int[BOARD_SIZE][BOARD_SIZE];//如果存储0，代表没有棋子，如果存储1，代表黑棋，如果存储2，代表白棋

3、定义五子棋游戏窗口

private JFrame f = new JFrame("五子棋游戏-Ace2NoU制作");

4、定义五子棋游戏棋盘对应的Canvas组件

private class ChessBoard extends JPanel{
        //重写paint方法，实现绘画
        @Override
        public void paint(Graphics g) {
            //绘制五子棋棋盘
            g.drawImage(table,0,0,null);
            //绘制选中点的红框
            if (selectX>0 && selectY>0){
                g.drawImage(selected,selectX*RATE+X_OFFSET,selectY*RATE+Y_OFFSET,null);
            }
            //遍历数组，绘制棋子
            for (int i = 0; i < BOARD_SIZE; i++) {
                for (int j = 0; j < BOARD_SIZE; j++) {
                    //绘制黑棋
                    if (board[i][j]==1){
                        g.drawImage(black,i*RATE+X_OFFSET,j*RATE+Y_OFFSET,null);
                    }
                    //绘制白棋
                    if (board[i][j]==2){
                        g.drawImage(white,i*RATE+X_OFFSET,j*RATE+Y_OFFSET,null);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private ChessBoard chessBoard = new ChessBoard();

5、定义变量，记录当前选中的坐标点对应的boad数组中对应的棋子索引

    private int selectX = -1;
    private int selectY = -1;

6、定义一个变量，记录当前用户选择下的是白棋还是黑棋还是清除，清除：0，黑棋：1，白棋：2；默认黑棋先走

private int chessCategory = 1;

7、定义Panel,放置点击按钮

Panel p = new Panel();
    private Button whiteBtn = new Button("白棋");
    private Button blackBtn = new Button("黑棋");
    private Button clearBtn = new Button("删除");

8、按钮点击颜色更新

public void updateBtnColor(Color whiteBtnColor,Color blackBtnColor,Color clearBtnColor){
        whiteBtn.setBackground(whiteBtnColor);
        blackBtn.setBackground(blackBtnColor);
        clearBtn.setBackground(clearBtnColor);
    }

9、胜负判定方法

public boolean isWon(int x, int y, int color){
        int count = 1;
        int posX = 0;
        int posY = 0;
        /*先判断水平方向上的胜负
        将水平方向以传入的点x上的y轴作为分割线分为两部分
        先向左遍历，判断到的相同的连续的点 count++ */
        for(posX = x-1; posX > 0;posX--){
            if (board[posX][y] == color) {
                count++;
                if (count >= 5)
                    return true;
            }else break;
        }
        for (posX = x +1; posX < BOARD_SIZE; posX++){
            if(board[posX][y] == color){
                count++;
                if(count>=5)
                    return true;
            }  else
                break;
        }
        count = 1;
        for(posY = y-1;posY>0;posY--){
            if(board[x][posY] == color){
                count++;
                if(count>=5)
                    return true;
            }  else
                break;
        }
        for(posY = y+1; posY<BOARD_SIZE; posY++){
            if(board[x][posY] == color){
                count++;
                if (count>=5)
                    return true;
            } else
                break;
        }

        count=1;
        for(posX = x-1, posY = y-1; posX>0&&posY>0; posX--,posY--){
            if (board[posX][posY] == color){
                count++;
                if(count>=5){
                    //count = 1;
                    return true;
                }
            } else
                break;
        }
        for (posX = x+1, posY = y+1;posX<BOARD_SIZE&&posY<BOARD_SIZE; posX++, posY++){
            if (board[posX][posY] == color){
                count++;
                if(count>=5){
                    //count = 1;
                    return true;
                }
            }else
                break;
        }
        count=1;
        for (posX = x+1, posY = y-1; posX<BOARD_SIZE&&posY>0; posX++,posY--){
            if (board[posX][posY] == color){
                count++;
                if(count>=5){
                    //count = 1;
                    return true;
                }
            }else
                break;
        }
        for (posX = x-1, posY = y+1; posX>0&&posY<BOARD_SIZE; posX--,posY++){
            if (board[posX][posY] == color){
                count++;
                if(count>=5){
                    //count = 1;
                    return true;
                }
            }else
                break;
        }
        return false;
    }

10、主要功能函数

public void init() throws Exception{

        //初始化按钮的颜色
        updateBtnColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY,Color.GREEN,Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
        whiteBtn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                chessCategory = 2;
                updateBtnColor(Color.GREEN,Color.LIGHT_GRAY,Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
            }
        });
        blackBtn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                chessCategory=1;
                updateBtnColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY,Color.GREEN,Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
            }
        });
        clearBtn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                chessCategory=0;
                updateBtnColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY,Color.LIGHT_GRAY,Color.GREEN);
            }
        });

        p.add(whiteBtn);
        p.add(blackBtn);
        p.add(clearBtn);
        //把Panel放入到frame底部
        f.add(p,BorderLayout.SOUTH);



        //初始化黑棋，白棋，棋盘,选中框
        table = ImageIO.read(new File("board.jpg"));
        black = ImageIO.read(new File("black.gif"));
        white = ImageIO.read(new File("white.gif"));
        selected = ImageIO.read(new File("selected.gif"));
        //初始化board数组，默认情况下，所有位置处都没有棋子
        for (int i = 0; i < BOARD_SIZE; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < BOARD_SIZE; j++) {
                board[i][j]=0;
            }
        }

        //设置chessBoard的最佳大小
        chessBoard.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(TABLE_WIDTH,TABLE_HEIGHT));

        //给chessBoard注册鼠标监听器
        chessBoard.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
            //鼠标单击会触发
            @Override
            public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
                //将用户鼠标的坐标，转换成棋子的坐标
                int xPos = (e.getX()-X_OFFSET)/RATE;
                int yPos = (e.getY()-Y_OFFSET)/RATE;
                if(board[xPos][yPos]==0 && chessCategory!=0)
                    board[xPos][yPos] = chessCategory;
                else if(chessCategory == 0)
                    board[xPos][yPos] = chessCategory;
                //重绘chessBoard
                chessBoard.repaint();
                if(chessCategory!=0){
                    if(isWon(xPos,yPos,chessCategory)) {
                        if (chessCategory == 1)
                            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "黑棋胜利", "结束",
                                    JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE,new ImageIcon("win.png"));
                        else
                            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "白棋胜利", "结束",
                                JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE, new ImageIcon("win.png"));
                        for (int i = 0; i < BOARD_SIZE; i++)
                            for (int j = 0; j < BOARD_SIZE; j++)
                                board[i][j] = 0;
                        chessBoard.repaint();
                    }
                }
            }

            //当鼠标退出棋盘区域后，复位选中坐标,重绘chessBoard，要保证红色选中框显示正确
            @Override
            public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {
                selectX=-1;
                selectY=-1;
                chessBoard.repaint();
            }
        });

        //给chessBoard注册鼠标移动监听器
        chessBoard.addMouseMotionListener(new MouseMotionAdapter() {
            //当鼠标移动时，修正selectX和selectY，重绘chessBoard，要保证红色选中框显示正确
            @Override
            public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {
                //将鼠标的坐标，转换成棋子的索引
                selectX = (e.getX()-X_OFFSET)/RATE;
                selectY = (e.getY()-Y_OFFSET)/RATE;
                chessBoard.repaint();
            }
        });

        //把chessBoard添加到Frame中
        f.add(chessBoard);

        f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
        //设置frame最佳大小并可见
        f.pack();
        f.setVisible(true);

    }

11、主函数

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        new Gobang().init();
    }