ThreadLocal深入理解

ThreadLocal 原理

ThreadLocal之set()

    /**
     * Sets the current thread's copy of this thread-local variable
     * to the specified value.  Most subclasses will have no need to
     * override this method, relying solely on the {@link #initialValue}
     * method to set the values of thread-locals.
     */
    public void set(T value) {
    	//获取这个线程对象
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        //查询线程key对应的值ThreadLocalMap
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
        if (map != null)
            map.set(this, value);
        else
            createMap(t, value);//创建
    }

    public T get() {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
        if (map != null) {
            ThreadLocalMap.Entry e = map.getEntry(this);
            if (e != null) {
                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
                T result = (T)e.value;
                return result;
            }
        }
        return setInitialValue();
    }

ThreadLocal 之ThreadLocalMap

	//ThreadLocal.java
    /**
     * Get the map associated with a ThreadLocal. Overridden in
     * InheritableThreadLocal.
     */
    ThreadLocalMap getMap(Thread t) {
        return t.threadLocals;
    }

    /**
     * Create the map associated with a ThreadLocal. Overridden in
     * InheritableThreadLocal.
     */
    void createMap(Thread t, T firstValue) {
        t.threadLocals = new ThreadLocalMap(this, firstValue);
    }

	//Thread.java
    /* ThreadLocal values pertaining to this thread. This map is maintained
     * by the ThreadLocal class. */
    ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap threadLocals = null;

从上面代码不难发现，每个进程都会拥有一个 “ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap threadLocals”而这个map 里面又是ThreadLocal-Object的键值对

不同线程使用同一value的话线程是不安全的

测试方案，创建两个线程value用同一个Test 对象，一个进行加，一个进行减 ，同样循环10000次，发现结果每次不同，且不是0.

Test test = new Test();
		Thread one = new Thread("one") {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				super.run();
				ThreadLocal<Test> local = new ThreadLocal<Test>();
				local.set(test);
				for (int i = 0; i < COUNT; i++) {
					local.get().add();//进行加
				}
				System.out.println(local.get().getSum() + Thread.currentThread().getName());
			}

		};
Thread two = new Thread("two") {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				super.run();
				ThreadLocal<Test> local = new ThreadLocal<Test>();
				local.set(test);
				for (int i = 0; i < COUNT; i++) {
					local.get().del();//进行减
				}
				System.out.println(local.get().getSum() + Thread.currentThread().getName());
			}

		};

控制太输出
6609one
539two

所以ThreadLocal 只能启到保存变量的作用，不是线程安全