用ASM为类动态增加属性

通过程序修改 .class 文件！ 

下面这个是用 ASM 工具为 Student 类添加一个 public String 类型的 address 属性： 

1，需要添加属性的原始类：Student.java 

Java code

public class Student { private int age; private String name; public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge( int age) { this .age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this .name = name; } }

2，添加属性的适配器：AddFieldAdapter.java  

Java code

import org.objectweb.asm.ClassAdapter; import org.objectweb.asm.ClassVisitor; import org.objectweb.asm.FieldVisitor; public class AddFieldAdapter extends ClassAdapter { private int accessModifier; private String name; private String desc; private boolean isFieldPresent; public AddFieldAdapter(ClassVisitor cv, int accessModifier, String name, String desc) { super (cv); this .accessModifier = accessModifier; this .name = name; this .desc = desc; } @Override public FieldVisitor visitField( int access, String name, String desc, String signature, Object value) { if (name.equals( this .name)) { isFieldPresent = true ; } return cv.visitField(access, name, desc, signature, value); } @Override public void visitEnd() { if ( ! isFieldPresent) { FieldVisitor fv = cv.visitField(accessModifier, name, desc, null , null ); if (fv != null ) { fv.visitEnd(); } } cv.visitEnd(); } }

3，添加属性的工具 AddField.java  

Java code

import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; import org.objectweb.asm.ClassAdapter; import org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader; import org.objectweb.asm.ClassWriter; import org.objectweb.asm.Opcodes; public class AddField { private Class clazz = null ; private ClassReader cr = null ; private ClassWriter cw = null ; private ClassAdapter ca = null ; private File classFile = null ; private final static String CLASS_FILE_SUFFIX = " .class " ; public AddField(Class clazz) { this .clazz = clazz; } /** * 添加一个 public 的类成员 * @param fieldName 类成员名 * @param fieldDesc 类成员类型描述 */ public void addPublicField(String fieldName, String fieldDesc) { if (cr == null ) { try { cr = new ClassReader(clazz.getCanonicalName()); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } cw = new ClassWriter(cr, ClassWriter.COMPUTE_MAXS); } if (ca == null ) { ca = new AddFieldAdapter(cw, Opcodes.ACC_PUBLIC, fieldName, fieldDesc); } else { ca = new AddFieldAdapter(ca, Opcodes.ACC_PUBLIC, fieldName, fieldDesc); } } /** * 将字节码写入类的 .class 文件 * */ public void writeByteCode() { cr.accept(ca, ClassReader.SKIP_DEBUG); byte [] bys = cw.toByteArray(); OutputStream os = null ; try { os = new FileOutputStream(getFile()); os.write(bys); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { os.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /** * 获得类文件的 File 对象 * @return */ private File getFile() { if (classFile == null ) { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); sb.append(clazz.getResource( " / " )) .append(clazz.getCanonicalName().replace( " . " , File.separator)) .append(CLASS_FILE_SUFFIX); classFile = new File(sb.substring( 6 )); } return classFile; } }

4，字节码处理：PreCompileProcess.java  

Java code

public class PreCompileProcess { public static void main(String[] args) { // 为 Student 添加字段 AddField add = new AddField(Student. class ); // 添加一个名为 address，类型为 java.lang.String 的 public 字段 add.addPublicField( " address " , " Ljava/lang/String; " ); // 再增加一个名为 tel，类型为 int 的 public 方法 add.addPublicField( " tel " , " I " ); // 重新生成 .class 文件 add.writeByteCode(); } }

5，测试类：Test.java  

Java code

public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { Student stu = new Student(); stu.setAge( 10 ); stu.setName( " Tom " ); stu.address = " Beijing " ; // 新增加的 address 字段 stu.tel = 56 ; // 新增加的 tel 字段 System.out.println( " Name: " + stu.getName()); System.out.println( " Age: " + stu.getAge()); System.out.println( " Address: " + stu.address); System.out.println( " Tel: " + stu.tel); } }

上面的代码需要 ASM 工具才能进行编译，ASM 可以到   http://asm.objectweb.org/  上面去下载。  

执行顺序：  

javac Student.java  
javac -cp .;lib/asm-all-3.1.jar PreCompileProcess.java  
java -cp .;lib/asm-all-3.1.jar PreCompileProcess  
javac Test.java  
java Test  

在 Student.java 没有修改的情况下，PreCompileProcess 只需要执行一次就可以了。