多线程笔记

1.线程的创建方法
继承Thread类
实现Runnable接口（重写run方法）
实现Callable接口（重写call方法）
2.静态代理
简单来说，静态代理就是代理对象和目标对象实现同样的接口，代理对象会将目标对象传递进来，用目标对象来调用方法并添加自己的操作。
new Thread(()->System.out.println(“通过lambda表达式重写run方法”))
也就是说，Thread里的target接受目标对象，并且Thread的run方法使用target的run方法
3.线程的五大状态
新建状态、就绪状态、运行状态、阻塞状态、终止状态
4.线程的常用方法
睡眠sleep
礼让yield
插队join
优先级setPriority getPriority
状态getState
守护线程setDaemon(true)
停止stop（建议设置flag进行控制）
5.同步和锁
synchronized 可同步代码块和方法
synchorinized() {}
lock 只能用于代码块
ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();

try {
	lock.lock();
	//执行操作
} finally {
	lock.unlock();
}

CopyOnWriteArrayList
6.死锁的四个条件
互斥条件、请求和保持条件、不剥夺条件、循环等待条件
7.线程池
Executors和ExecutorService
1、创建服务newFixedThreadPool
2、执行操作execute submit
3、获取结果 get
4、关闭服务 shutdown
8.线程通信
生产者消费者问题
管程法（缓冲区）和信号灯法（flag）

public class TestPC {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Container container = new Container();
        Producer producer = new Producer(container);
        Consumer consumer = new Consumer(container);

        producer.start();
        consumer.start();
    }
}

class Producer extends  Thread {
    Container container;
    Producer(Container container) {
        this.container = container;
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            System.out.println("生产了第" + i+ "只鸡");
            container.push(new Chicken(i));
        }
    }
}

class Consumer extends  Thread {
    Container container;
    Consumer(Container container) {
        this.container = container;
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            Chicken chicken = container.pop();
            System.out.println("消费了第" + chicken.id + "只鸡");
        }
    }
}

class Chicken {
    int id;
    public Chicken(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
}

class Container {
    Chicken[] chickens = new Chicken[10];
    int count = 0;
    public synchronized void push(Chicken chicken) {
        if (count == chickens.length) {
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        chickens[count] = chicken;
        count++;
        this.notifyAll();
    }
    public synchronized Chicken pop() {
        if (count == 0) {
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        count--;
        Chicken chicken = chickens[count];
        this.notifyAll();
        return chicken;
    }
}

public class TestPC2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TV tv = new TV();
        new Actor(tv).start();
        new Audience(tv).start();
    }
}

class Actor extends Thread {
    TV tv;
    Actor(TV tv) {
        this.tv = tv;
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            if (i%2==0) {
                this.tv.play("王牌对王牌");
            } else {
                this.tv.play("精绝古城");
            }
        }
    }
}

class Audience extends Thread {
    TV tv;
    Audience(TV tv) {
        this.tv = tv;
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            this.tv.watch();
        }
    }
}

class TV {
    String voice;
    boolean flag = true;
    public synchronized void play(String voice) {
        if (!flag) {
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        System.out.println("演员表演了" + voice);
        this.notifyAll();
        this.voice = voice;
        this.flag = !this.flag;

    }
    public synchronized void watch() {
        if (flag) {
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        System.out.println("观众观看了了" + this.voice);
        this.notifyAll();
        this.flag = !this.flag;
    }
}

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