@Component,@Service等注解是如何被解析的？

1、@Component解析流程
找入口
Spring Framework2.0开始，引入可扩展的XML编程机制，该机制要求XML Schema命名空间需要与Handler建立映射关系。

该关系配置在相对于classpath下的/META-INF/spring.handlers中。

如上图所示 ContextNamespaceHandler对应context:… 分析的入口。

找核心方法
浏览ContextNamespaceHandler

在parse中有一个很重要的注释

// Actually scan for bean definitions and register them.
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = configureScanner(parserContext, element);

大意是：ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner#doScan是扫描BeanDefinition并注册的实现 。

ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner 的源码如下：

  protected Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> doScan(String... basePackages) {
   Assert.notEmpty(basePackages, "At least one base package must be specified");
   Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefinitions = new LinkedHashSet<>();
   for (String basePackage : basePackages) {
      //findCandidateComponents 读资源装换为BeanDefinition
      Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = findCandidateComponents(basePackage);
      for (BeanDefinition candidate : candidates) {
         ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(candidate);
         candidate.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());
         String beanName = this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(candidate, this.registry);
         if (candidate instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
            postProcessBeanDefinition((AbstractBeanDefinition) candidate, beanName);
         }
         if (candidate instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
            AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) candidate);
         }
         if (checkCandidate(beanName, candidate)) {
            BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(candidate, beanName);
            definitionHolder =
                  AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
            beanDefinitions.add(definitionHolder);
            registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);
         }
      }
   }
   return beanDefinitions;
}

上边的代码，从方法名，猜测：

findCandidateComponents：从classPath扫描组件，并转换为备选BeanDefinition，也就是要做的解析@Component的核心方法。

概要分析
findCandidateComponents在其父类ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider 中。

 public class ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider implements EnvironmentCapable, ResourceLoaderAware {
//省略其他代码
public Set<BeanDefinition> findCandidateComponents(String basePackage) {
   if (this.componentsIndex != null && indexSupportsIncludeFilters()) {
      return addCandidateComponentsFromIndex(this.componentsIndex, basePackage);
   }
   else {
      return scanCandidateComponents(basePackage);
   }
}
private Set<BeanDefinition> scanCandidateComponents(String basePackage) {
   Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>();
   try {
      String packageSearchPath = ResourcePatternResolver.CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX +
            resolveBasePackage(basePackage) + '/' + this.resourcePattern;
      Resource[] resources = getResourcePatternResolver().getResources(packageSearchPath);
        //省略部分代码
      for (Resource resource : resources) {
        //省略部分代码
         if (resource.isReadable()) {
            try {
               MetadataReader metadataReader = getMetadataReaderFactory().getMetadataReader(resource);
               if (isCandidateComponent(metadataReader)) {
                  ScannedGenericBeanDefinition sbd = new ScannedGenericBeanDefinition(metadataReader);
                  sbd.setSource(resource);
                  if (isCandidateComponent(sbd)) {
                     candidates.add(sbd);
                //省略部分代码
      }
   }
   catch (IOException ex) {//省略部分代码 }
   return candidates;
}
}

findCandidateComponents大体思路如下：

• String packageSearchPath
  =ResourcePatternResolver.CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIXresolveBasePackage(basePackage)

  • ‘/’ + this.resourcePattern;将package转化为ClassLoader类资源搜索路径packageSearchPath，例如com.wl.spring.boot转化为classpath*:com/wl/spring/boot/**/*.class

• Resource[] resources
  =getResourcePatternResolver().getResources(packageSearchPath);加载搜素路径下的资源。

  isCandidateComponent 判断是否是备选组件   
  
   candidates.add(sbd);添加到返回结果的list
  

ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider#isCandidateComponent其源码如下：

protected boolean isCandidateComponent(MetadataReader metadataReader) throws IOException {
    //省略部分代码
   for (TypeFilter tf : this.includeFilters) {
      if (tf.match(metadataReader, getMetadataReaderFactory())) {
         return isConditionMatch(metadataReader);
      }
   }
   return false;
}

includeFilters由registerDefaultFilters()设置初始值，有@Component，没有@Service啊？

protected void registerDefaultFilters() {
   this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(Component.class));
   ClassLoader cl = ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.class.getClassLoader();
   try {
      this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
            ((Class<? extends Annotation>) ClassUtils.forName("javax.annotation.ManagedBean", cl)), false));
      logger.trace("JSR-250 'javax.annotation.ManagedBean' found and supported for component scanning");
   }
   catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
      // JSR-250 1.1 API (as included in Java EE 6) not available - simply skip.
   }
   try {
      this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
            ((Class<? extends Annotation>) ClassUtils.forName("javax.inject.Named", cl)), false));
      logger.trace("JSR-330 'javax.inject.Named' annotation found and supported for component scanning");
   }
   catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
      // JSR-330 API not available - simply skip.
   }
}

Spring如何处理@Service的注解的呢？？？？

2、查文档找思路

查阅官方文档，下面这话：

https://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/5.0.17.RELEASE/spring-framework-reference/core.html#beans-meta-annotations

@Component is a generic stereotype for any Spring-managed component.
@Repository, @Service, and @Controllerare specializations of @Component

大意如下：

@Component是任何Spring管理的组件的通用原型。@Repository、@Service和@Controller是派生自@Component。