Decorator------设计模式

1.装饰模式---对装饰与内容一视同仁

2.java中的 FileInputStream BufferedInputStream  DataInputStream 是典型的装饰模式的应用。

比如下面的代码：

FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("1.txt");
		BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(fos);
		DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(bos);
		
		byte b = 3;
		int i = 78;
		char ch = 'a';
		float f = 2.3f;
		double d = 2.445534;
		dos.writeByte(b);
		dos.writeInt(i);
		dos.writeChar(ch);
		dos.writeFloat(f);
		dos.writeDouble(d);
		dos.close();
		
		FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("1.txt");
		BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(fis);
		DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(bis);
		
		System.out.println(dis.readByte());
		System.out.println(dis.readInt());
		System.out.println(dis.readChar());
		System.out.println(dis.readFloat());
		System.out.println(dis.readDouble());
		dis.close();

装饰的含义就是在最开始的个体上不断地添加新的装饰物体，最后成为我们想要的东西。

2.示例：

package com.cn;

abstract class Display {
	public abstract int getColumns();
	public abstract int getRows();
	public abstract String getRowText(int row);
	public final void show() {
		for (int i = 0; i < getRows(); i++) {
			System.out.println(getRowText(i));
		}
	}
}



class StringDisplay extends Display {
	private String string;
	public StringDisplay(String string) {
		this.string = string;
	}
	public int getColumns() {
		return string.getBytes().length;
	}
	public int getRows() {
		return 1;
	}
	public String getRowText(int row) {
		if (row == 0) {
			return string;
		}
		else {
			return null;
		}
	}
}


abstract class Border extends Display {
	protected Display display;
	protected Border(Display display) {
		this.display = display;
	}
}


class SideBorder extends Border {
	private char borderChar;
	public SideBorder(Display display, char ch) {
		super(display);
		this.borderChar = ch;
	}
	public int getColumns() {
		return 1 + display.getColumns() + 1;
	}
	public int getRows() {
		return display.getRows();
	}
	public String getRowText(int row) {
		return borderChar + display.getRowText(row) + borderChar;
	}
}

class FullBorder extends Border {
	public FullBorder(Display display) {
		super(display);
	} 
	public int getColumns() {
		return 1 + display.getColumns() + 1;
	}
	public int getRows() {
		return 1 + display.getRows() + 1;
	}
	public String getRowText(int row) {
		if(row == 0) {
			return "+" + makeLine('-',display.getColumns()) + "+";
		}
		else if (row == display.getRows() + 1) {
			return  "+" + makeLine('-',display.getColumns()) + "+";
		}
		else {
			return "|" + display.getRowText(row - 1) + "|";
		}
	}
	private String makeLine(char ch, int count) {
		StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
		for(int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
			buf.append(ch);
		}
		return buf.toString();
	}
}



public class Decorator {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		/*Display b1 = new StringDisplay("Hello,world.");
		Display b2 = new SideBorder(b1,'#');
		Display b3 = new FullBorder(b2);
		b1.show();
		b2.show();
		b3.show();*/
		
		Display b4 = new SideBorder(new FullBorder(new FullBorder(new SideBorder(new FullBorder(new StringDisplay("你好。")),'*'))),'/');
		b4.show();
	}
}

3.另外一个示例（展现此模式的魅力）

package com.cn;

abstract class Display2 {
	public abstract int getColumns();
	public abstract int getRows();
	public abstract String getRowText(int row);
	public void show() {
		for(int i = 0; i < getRows(); i++) {
			System.out.println(getRowText(i));
		}
	}
}


class StringDisplay2 extends Display2 {
	private String string;
	public StringDisplay2(String string) {
		this.string = string;
	}
	public int getColumns() {
		return string.getBytes().length;
	}
	public int getRows() {
		return 1;
	}
	public String getRowText(int row) {
		if(row == 0) {
			return string;
		}
		else {
			return null;
		}
	}
}


abstract class Boder extends Display2 {
	protected Display2 display;
	protected Boder(Display2 display) {
		this.display = display;
	}
}

class FullBoder extends Boder {
	char ch;
	public FullBoder(Display2 display, char ch) {
		super(display);
		this.ch = ch;
	}
	public int getColumns() {
		return 1 + display.getColumns() + 1;
	}
	public int getRows() {
		return 1 + display.getRows() + 1;
	}
	public String getRowText(int row) {
		if(row == 0 || row == getRows()-1) {
			return print();
		}
		else {
			return ch + display.getRowText(row - 1) + ch;
		}
	}
	private String print() {
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		for(int i = 0; i < getColumns(); i++) {
			sb.append(ch);
		}
		return sb.toString();
	}
}


public class Main {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		StringDisplay2 sd = new StringDisplay2("+");
		FullBoder fb = new FullBoder(sd,'-');
		FullBoder fb2 = new FullBoder(fb,'+');
		fb2.show();
	}
}

装饰模式有一点嵌套循环的意思。