将float型变量转换成32位二进制数，并保存在char型数组中

       受到帖子 http://blog.csdn.net/demon__hunter/article/details/3566232启发，

       用C语言写了如下代码，将一个float型变量的内容转换为32位0、1串并输出

       以float型变量（其值为4.25）为例

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#define N 32
#define BigEnd 0
#define LittleEnd 1

void ReverseArray( char *, int len );
int	JudgeBigOrLittleEnd();

int main()
{
	float fVal = 4.25;
	char *p = NULL;
	
	int i = 0, j = 0;
	char mask = 0x01;
	char str[N+1] = "";
	printf("fVal = %f\n",fVal);
	
	if ( BigEnd == JudgeBigOrLittleEnd() )
		printf("当前CPU为大端模式\n");
	else
		printf("当前CPU为小端模式\n");
		
	p = (char *)&fVal;	//整形变量地址转换为char *
	for (i=0; i<4; i++)
	{
		mask = 0x01;
		for (j=0; j<8; j++)
		{
			if (*(p+i) & (mask<<j))  //用mask与上*(p+i)第j位，通过判断是否非零决定该位是'0'还是'1'
				str[8*i+j] = '1';
			else
				str[8*i+j] = '0';
		}
	}

	str[N] = '\0';
	ReverseArray( str, N );
	printf("%s\n",str);
	for ( i=0; i < 32; i ++)
	{
		printf("%c",str[i]);
		if (0 == (i+1)%8)
			printf(" ");
	}
	printf("\n");
}

void ReverseArray( char *s, int len )
{
	int i = 0;
	char tmp = 'a';
	if ( NULL == s )
		return;
	while( i < len/2 )
	{
		tmp = s[i];
		s[i] = s[len-i-1];
		s[len-i-1] = tmp;
		i++;
	}
}

int JudgeBigOrLittleEnd()
{
	int x = 0x12345678;
	char b = (char)x;
	if (0x78 == b)
		return LittleEnd;
	else
		return BigEnd;
}

运行结果：

        mahone@lte:~/ws/LinuxC/projects/float2binary$ ./a.out
        fVal = 4.250000
        当前CPU为小端模式
        01000000100010000000000000000000
        01000000 10001000 00000000 00000000

解析：

由于float型变量，值为4.25时，其在内存中存储方式为

01000000100010000000000000000000

第一位为0，表示正，接下来8位为10000001，即1*2^7 + 1 = 129，指数位偏移位数计算方式为129-127 = 2（小数点向右）

低23位为小数部分: 00010000000000000000000，添上小数点，加上小数点前面的1，即

1.0001

小数点右移两位，加上符号，最终为

100.01

也即：1*2^2 + 1*2^(-2) = 4 + 1/4 = 4.25