SAP SD 模块面试题

I BASIS KNOWLEDGE AND SYSTEM NAVIGATION
1. Name two ways to start a transaction.
i. Dynamic Menu

ii. Command Field
2. Why do you create user-specific parameters?
i. They supply defaults to R/3 fields.

If a field is indicated, the system automatically fills in default value. Depending on the field definition, the entry can

also be replaced with a value entered by the user. (Concept of PARAMETER ID)
3. Name the three different kinds of

messages in the R/3 system. What is the difference between them?
i. A message can have five different types. These

message types have the following effects during list processing:
ii. A (=Abend):
a. The system displays a message

of this message type in a dialog window. After the user confirms the message using ENTER, the system terminates the entire

transaction (for example SE38).
iii. E (=Error) or W (=Warning):
a. The system displays a message of this message

type in the status line. After the user chooses ENTER, the system acts as follows:
b. While creating the basic

list, the system terminates the report.
c. While creating a secondary list, the system terminates the corresponding

processing block and keeps displaying the previous list level.
iv. I (=Information):
a. The system displays a message

of this message type in a dialog window. After the user chooses ENTER , the system resumes processing at the current program

position.
v. S (=Success):
a. The system displays a message of this message type on the output screen in the status

line of the currently created list.
4. What is a data dictionary or repository?
i. Central catalog that contains

the descriptions of an organization's data and provides information about the relationships between the data and its use in

programs and screens.
ii. The data descriptions in a Data Dictionary is also called metadata, i.e., data that describes

other data.
iii. The ABAP/4 Dictionary stores system-wide data definitions. When you create a new data definition, the

Dictionary tool does all the processing necessary to create the definition. You can use the Dictionary tool to look up the

"definition" of objects in your R/3 System.
5. What is a matchcode?
i. Comparsion key. A matchcode allows

you to locate the key of a particular database record (e.g. account number) by entering any field value contained in the

record. The system then displays a list of records matching the specifications.
6. If you want an end user to see a

specific menu after logging on the R/3 system, how could you do that?
i. User maintenance transactions allow the

system administrator to create and maintain user master records. This includes the generation and assignment of

authorizations and authorization profiles.
7. II CORPORATE STRUCTURE
8. In R/3 you can represent a company's

structure by defining and assigning corporate structure elements. What is the purpose of doing that?
i. Enterprise

organization diagram. Chart showing the organizational structure of an enterprise, its organization units and how they are

related. A combined structure can be created from the point of view of accounting, MM, SD. This structure forms a framework

in which all business transactions can be processed.
9. Which three organizational elements make up a sales area and

briefly explain their function?
i. Sales organization: An organizational unit that sells and distributes products,

negotiates terms of sale, and is responsible for these transactions.
ii. Distribution channel: Channel through which

salable materials or services reach customers. Typical distribution channels include wholesale, retail and direct sales. You

can assign a distribution channel to one or more sales organizations.
iii. Division: Product groups can be defined for a

wide-ranging spectrum of products. For every division you can make customer-specific agreements on, for example, partial

deliveries, pricing and terms of payment. Within a division you can carry out statistical analyses or set up separate

marketing.
10. Name the three internal organizational elements within a sales organization and briefly explain their

function.
i. Sales Office. Geographical aspects of the organization in business development and sales are defined using

the term sales office. A sales office can be considered as a subsidiary.
ii. Sales offices are assigned to sales

areas. If you enter a sales order for a sales office within a certain sales area, the sales office must be assigned to that

area.
iii. Sales Group. The staff of a sales office may be subdivided into sales groups. For example, sales groups can

be defined for individual divisions.
iv. Salespersons. Individual personnel master records are used to manage data

about salespersons. You can assign a sales person to a sales group in the personnel master record.
11. What does the

term "business area" refer to and how can it be used?
i. Business Area. The system posts costs and revenue according

to the business area. The business area can be equivalent to the:
ii. sales area (if the accounts are to be posted

according to sales)
iii. plant/division (if the accounts are to be posted according to products)
iv. The business

area is defined in Customizing for Sales.
- Business area. A unit in an enterprise, grouping product and market

combinations as homogeneously as possible for the purpose of developing unified business policy.
- Financial Accounting

(FI). A business area is an organizational unit within financial accounting which represents a separate area of operations or

responsibilities within an organization. Financial accounting transactions can be allocated to a specific business

area.
12. Briefly explain the relationship between sales organizations and company codes.
i. Many to One.
13.

What is the central organizational element in purchasing?
i. Purchasing Organization.
14. Explain the relationship

between sales organizations and plants.
i. Many to Many.
15. Explain the relationship between sales organizations,

plants and company codes.
i. Many to Many to One.
16. Can one business area be assigned to several company codes?

Which (sub) module of SAP could make business areas obsolete?
i. Yes in CO .
17. What is a credit control

area? What relationship exists between credit control areas and company codes?
i. Credit control area. Organizational

unit in an organization that specifies and checks credit limits for customers. A credit control area can include one or more

company codes. It is not possible to assign a company code to more than one credit control areas.
18. Which

organizational element is central in shipping? Give a definition of it.
i. Shipping Point: Organizational unit at a

fixed location that carries out shipping activities. A shipping point could, for example, be a company's mail department or

a plant's rail depot. Each delivery is processed by only one shipping point.
19. Give a definition of plant (in

SAP).
i. Organizational unit within Logistics, serving to subdivide an enterprise according to production,

procurement, maintenance, and materials planning aspects.
ii. A plant is a place where either materials are

produced or goods and services provided.
iii. Classification: Business object
iv. Structure: A plant can assume

a variety of roles:
v. As a maintenance plant, it includes the maintenance objects that are spatially located within

this plant. The maintenance tasks that are to be performed are specified within a maintenance planning plant.
vi. As a

retail or wholesale site, it makes merchandise available for distribution and sale.
vii. As a rule, the plant is the

organizational unit for material valuation.
viii. The preferred shipping point for a plant is defined as the default

shipping point, which depends on the shipping condition and the loading condition.
iii. For the placement of

materials in storage (stock put-away), a storage location is assigned to a plant. The storage location depends on the storage

condition and the stock placement situation.
iv. The business area that is responsible for a valuation area is

determined as a function of the division. As a rule, a valuation area corresponds to a plant.
4. Can you assign two

different sales organization to the same company code?
i. Yes.
5. To what do you assign distribution channels

and divisions?
i. Sales Organizations.
6. What are the highest organizational units in SD, MM.PP,FI,CO?
i.

SD: Sales Organizations.
ii. M: Plant
iii. PP: Plant
iv. FI: Company Code
v. CO: Controlling

Area
7. Can you further subdivide a plant? If yes into what ?
i. A plant can be subdivided into storage

locations, allowing stocks of materials to be broken down according to predefined criteria (e.g., location and materials

planning aspects).
ii. A plant can be subdivided into locations and operational areas. Subdivision into locations

takes geographical criteria into account, whereas subdivision into operational areas reflects responsibilities for

production.
8. Can a sales organization sell from a plant belonging to a different company code?
i. Yes.
9.

How many shipping points can you assign to a plant?
i. Many.
10. How many shipping points can you assign to a

sales organization?
i. None.
11. If you have a warehouse management system active, to what would you assign

the warehouse number?
i. Plant & Storage Location.

12. III MASTER DATA
13. Why does the customer master

have different views?
i. In addition to the sales and distribution data, the accounting data is also important for a

payer. Therefore one can create a customer master record centrally for the following partner functions:
ii. For the

payer
a. For the sold-to party who, in addition to the other partner functions, also takes on the function of the

payer.
14. Which different partner functions can a customer master record serve?
i. Customer:
- sold-to party

- ship-to party
- payer
- bill-to party
- One-time customer including all partner

functions.
15. What is the structure of data in the customer master record?
i. Different data is maintained

in each of the three areas:
ii. General data, like address and telephone number, etc., is maintained for every

customer. This data is only identified by the customer number, not by company code or sales area. Maintaining the data is

possible from both the accounting view and the sales and distribution view.
iii. Company code data is only of interest

for the accounting department. It includes, for example, information on insurance or account management. This data applies to

only one company code.
iv. Sales and distribution data is only of interest for the sales and distribution department. It

includes, for example, data on pricing or shipping. This data only applies to one sales area, and therefore is dependent on

the sales structure (sales organization, distribution channel, division).
16. Would you have different customer

numbers if your customer was serviced by more than one company code?
i. No.
17. Would you have different

customer numbers if your customer was serviced by more than one sales organization?
i. No.
18. A material is

produced in plant Boston, plant Dallas and in plant Chicago. How many different material master number do you need?
i.

Only one.
19. Is it possible to have different data for the same customer for different sales areas?
i.

Yes.
20. Give examples of general data in the customer master record ?
i. Address, Control data, Marketing,

Payment transactions, Contact person, Unloading points.
21. Give examples of general data in the material master record

?
i. This level contains the data applicable to all individual group companies, all plants, and all warehouses/stores

belonging to an enterprise (corporate group). Examples of general data are details on a material's design (CAD drawings, for

instance) and storage conditions (temperature range, whether the material is explosive or perishable, and so on).
22.

Give examples of company -code-specific data in the customer master record?
i. This data is only of importance to

the accounting department. It includes, for example, data on insurance and account management. Company code data only applies

to one company code. If you edit the customer master record you must specify customer number and company code in order to

access the screens containing company code data.
23. Which plant-specific data do you find in the material master record?

i. This level contains the data for each branch or plant location within a certain company. The data important to

Purchasing is stored at this level. Examples of this data are the maximum and minimum order quantities of a material and the

reorder level. You access the plant data by entering the plant key.
24. If a customer wishes to receive goods on

Tuesdays only, how could you ensure that in the SAP R/3 system?
i. This can be done by specifying goods receiving hours

- Time schedule of ship-to party which specifies the days and times that goods can be delivered.
25. Do you find

any sales prices in the material master record?
i. Yes.
26. Name at least five different partner functions.
i.

Examples of partner functions in Sales and Distribution:
ii. sold-to party, ship-to party, bill-to party, payer.

iii. Examples of partner functions (roles) in Materials Management:
iv. ordering address, supplier of goods,

invoicing party, different payee.
27. Which are the two partner functions in SD that have to be maintained in FI

too ?
i. sold-to party, payer.
28. Can you assign a material to more than one division?
i. No.
29.

If you want to create language specific sales texts for your material master, would you have to create a new material master

record?
i. No.
30. What is a material type and which material types do you know?
i. Raw materials, semi-

finished products, finished products, trading goods, operating supplies.
31. Name the four standard industry

sectors in SAP for the material master. For what do you use them?
i. Branch of industry.
ii. The industry sector

groups together companies according to their activities (for example, plant engineering and construction, mechanical

engineering, the chemical industry, and the pharmaceutical industry).
iii. Table-driven program support is provided via

the industry sector: for example, for the selection of data fields on-screen, for the sequence of the screens, and for the

allocation of a material to a material type.
32. For what or why do you use the classification system in sales? Give

examples of objects you can classify in R/3.
i. For e.g., Variant Pricing of configurable products. Objects can be

customers, products, condition types.
33. Does storage-location specific data in the material master record apply for

each plant?
i. This level contains the data specific to a storage location. Stock levels are an example of the data

maintained for each storage location. Y