1.servlet2.5中,页面发送一次请求,是顺序执行,即使在servlet里的service中开启一个线程,线程处理后的结果是无法返回给页面的,servlet执行完毕后,response就关闭了,无法将后台更新数据即时更新到页面端
2.现在后台“推”是怎么实现的
2.1定时发送请求,页面有刷新,不好友
2.2Ajax 轮询,然后通过js更新页面数据
相比前者虽然友好,访问量太大时,服务器会增加压力,小型应用可以考虑用
2.3反向Ajax(Comnet)
利用Http1.1长连接的特性,也是通过轮询,但是每次发送请求不会立即返回,而是等待服务器有数据时才返回或者没有等到数据而连接超时返回,相比于ajax轮询,减少了服务端压力,但一个缺点,不是所有浏览器都支持。
3.servlet3.0中提供了异步支持,当数据返回页面后,request并没有关闭,当服务器端有数据更新时,就可以推送了
4.更多关于web异步,请参考这边文章 http://blog.csdn.net/cenwenchu79/article/details/5703430
5.测试servlet3.0异步
SecondServlet.java
package com.darren.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
import javax.servlet.AsyncEvent;
import javax.servlet.AsyncListener;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* servlet3.0默认是不支持异步的通过asyncSupported=true,打开
*
*/
@WebServlet(name="SecondServlet",urlPatterns={"/secondServlet"},asyncSupported=true)
public class SecondServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
PrintWriter out = null;
resp.setContentType("text/html");
try {
out = resp.getWriter();
out.print("servlets starts:"+new Date()+"<br>");
out.flush();
AsyncContext asyncContext = req.startAsync();
/**
* AsyncListener为什么没有适配器呢?需要各个厂家实现?
*/
asyncContext.addListener(new AsyncListener(){
public void onComplete(AsyncEvent asyncEvent) throws IOException {
//将流在这里关闭
asyncEvent.getSuppliedResponse().getWriter().close();
System.out.println("asynContext finished....");
}
public void onError(AsyncEvent arg0) throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
public void onStartAsync(AsyncEvent arg0) throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
public void onTimeout(AsyncEvent arg0) throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
});
new Thread(new MyThread(asyncContext)).start();
out.print("servlets ends:"+new Date()+"<br>");
out.flush();
} finally {
/**
* 一开是在这里关闭了,关了,后面就用不成了 :)
*
*/
/*if(null != out){
out.close();
out = null;
}*/
}
}
}
MyThread.java
package com.darren.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
public class MyThread implements Runnable {
private AsyncContext asyncContext;
public MyThread(AsyncContext asyncContext) {
this.asyncContext = asyncContext;
}
public void run() {
PrintWriter out = null;
try {
try {
Thread.sleep(10000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
out = asyncContext.getResponse().getWriter();
out.println("myTask starts:"+new Date()+"<br>");
out.flush();
out.print("myTask ends:"+new Date()+"<br>");
out.flush();
asyncContext.complete();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
/*if(null != out){
out.close();
out = null;
}*/
}
}
}
主要是这个对象AsyncContext,参考J2EE6 API吧http://docs.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/