C#线程模拟生产者消费者

【需求说明】

生产者消费者问题
  •   一个大小为3的缓冲区，初始为空
  •   2个生产者
     – 随机等待一段时间，往缓冲区添加数据，
     – 若缓冲区已满，等待消费者取走数据后再添加
     – 重复6次
  •   3个消费者
     – 随机等待一段时间，从缓冲区读取数据
     – 若缓冲区为空，等待生产者添加数据后再读取
     – 重复4次
说明：
  •    显示每次添加和读取数据的时间及缓冲区的状态

【程序代码】

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading;
 
namespace ProducerAndCustomer
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //写入线程个数
            int threadWriteNum = 2;
            //读取线程个数
            int threadReadNum = 3;
 
            //创建缓冲区对象
            Buffer buffer = new Buffer();
 
            //创建写入线程
            Thread[] threadsWrite = new Thread[threadWriteNum];
            for (int i = 0; i < threadsWrite.Length; i++)
            {
                threadsWrite[i] = new Thread(new ThreadStart(buffer.Write));
                threadsWrite[i].Name = "W" + (i + 1).ToString();
            }
            //创建读取线程
            Thread[] threadsRead = new Thread[threadReadNum];
            for (int i = 0; i < threadsRead.Length; i++)
            {
                threadsRead[i] = new Thread(new ThreadStart(buffer.Read));
                threadsRead[i].Name = "R" + (i + 1).ToString();
            }
 
            buffer.PrintInitInfo();
            //让线程开始运行
            for (int i = 0; i < threadsWrite.Length; i++)
                threadsWrite[i].Start();
            for (int i = 0; i < threadsRead.Length; i++)
                threadsRead[i].Start();
 
            //等到线程运行完毕后再结束主线程
            for (int i = 0; i < threadsWrite.Length; i++)
                threadsWrite[i].Join();
            for (int i = 0; i < threadsRead.Length; i++)
                threadsRead[i].Join();
        }
    }
 
    class Buffer
    {
        private object thisLock = new object();
        private Queue<int> list = new Queue<int>();
 
        //缓冲区大小
        private int bufferNum = 3;
        //每个线程写入次数
        private int writeTotalNum = 6;
        //每个线程读取次数
        private int readTotalNum = 4;
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 打印初始化信息
        /// </summary>
        public void PrintInitInfo()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("缓冲区大小:{0}.", bufferNum);
            Console.WriteLine("2个生产者，分别写入6次.");
            Console.WriteLine("3个消费者，分别读取4次.");
            Console.WriteLine();
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 往缓冲区里写入文件
        /// </summary>
        public void Write()
        {
            //初始化写入次数 = 0
            int writedNum = 0;
            //如果写入次数 < 设定写入次数6
            while (writedNum < writeTotalNum)
            {
                //!先加锁，再判断。  如果这句放在if后面，则会出错
                lock (this)
                {
                    //判断缓冲区是否还有空位子
                    if (list.Count < bufferNum)
                    {
                        //模拟写入等待，随机等待一段时间
                        waitRandomTime();
                        //写入一个编号
                        list.Enqueue(writedNum);
                        //更新统计信息
                        writedNum++;
                        //打Log
                        printCurrentTime();
                        Console.Write("Thread: " + Thread.CurrentThread.Name + "  ");
                        Console.WriteLine("写入  缓冲区文件数{0}.", list.Count);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        //如果没有空位子，则等待
                    }
                }
            }
            //打Log
            printCurrentTime();
            Console.WriteLine("Thread: " + Thread.CurrentThread.Name + "  写入完毕.");
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 从缓冲区里读取文件
        /// </summary>
        public void Read()
        {
            //初始化每个线程读出次数 = 0
            int readedNum = 0;
            //如果读出次数 < 设定读出次数4
            while (readedNum < readTotalNum)
            {
                //!先加锁，再判断。  如果这句放在if后面，则会出错
                lock (this)
                {
                    //首先判断缓冲区中是否有文件
                    if (list.Count > 0)
                    {
                        //模拟读取等待，随机等待一段时间
                        waitRandomTime();
                        //读取编号
                        list.Dequeue();
                        //更新信息
                        readedNum++;
                        //打Log
                        printCurrentTime();
                        Console.Write("Thread: " + Thread.CurrentThread.Name + "  ");
                        Console.WriteLine("读出  缓冲区文件数{0}.", list.Count);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        //如果没有文件可以读取，则等待
                    }
                }
 
            }
            //打Log
            printCurrentTime();
            Console.WriteLine("Thread: " + Thread.CurrentThread.Name + "  读出完毕.");
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 随机等待一段时间
        /// </summary>
        private void waitRandomTime()
        {
            Random ran = new Random();
            Thread.Sleep(ran.Next(10, 1000));
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 打印当前时间。
        /// </summary>
        private void printCurrentTime()
        {
            DateTime now = System.DateTime.Now;
            Console.Write(now.ToString() + " " + now.Millisecond.ToString() + "\t");
        }
    }
}

【运行截图】