一、建立文件
首先建立一个文件夹，建立如下文件
admin.txt 管理员账号密码文件
copyright.txt 版权信息文件
stu_list 学生信息文件（初始为空，从系统录入）
二、代码
/* *** 学生管理系统 *** */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <conio.h>
#define N 100
void init(); // 函数初始化
void showCpyright(); //版权说明
void teacherLogin(); //教师登录
void studentLogin(); //学生登录
void teacherMenu(); //教师登录后的菜单
void changePassword(); //修改密码
void addStudent(); //添加学生
void showStudent(); //显示所有学生
int findStudent(int); //查询学生
void searchScore(); //查询成绩
void recordScore(); //记录成绩
void saveData(); //保存数据
void pressKey(); //按任意键继续的函数
char tname[10]; //教师的登录名
char tpwd[10]; //教师的登录密码
//学生成绩结构
struct Score {
double english;
double c;
double java;
};
//地址结构
struct Address {
char province[10];
char city[10];
};
//学生结构
struct Student {
int sno;
char sname[10];
int age;
struct Score scores;
struct Address address;
};
struct Student students[N]; //学生数组
int index = 0; //学生人数
//主函数
int main() {
char ch;
int flag = 1;
init();
while (flag) {
system("cls"); //清屏
printf("\n=============学生信息管理系统==============\n");
printf("1.管理员登录\n");
printf("2.学生登录\n");
printf("3.版权\n");
printf("0.退出系统\n");
printf("\n==============================================\n");
printf("请输人您的选项:\n");
scanf("%c",&ch);
fflush( stdin ); //清空输入缓冲区
switch( ch ){
case '1':
teacherLogin(); //教师登录
break;
case '2':
studentLogin(); //学生登录
break;
case '3':
showCpyright(); //版权说明
break;
case '0':
flag=0;
break;
default:
printf("查无此选项，请确认后输入...\n");
system("pause");
}
}
printf("\n系统安全退出\n");
return 0;
}
//版权说明
void showCpyright(){
char buffer[100] = {0};
FILE* fp = NULL;
fp = fopen("copyright.txt", "r");
while(1){
fgets(buffer,100,fp);
if(feof(fp)){ //防止多读一次
printf("%s\n",buffer);
break;
}
}
printf("\n");
fclose(fp); //关闭文件指针
}
//读取数据
void init() {
FILE* fp;
if ((fp = fopen("admin.txt", "r")) == NULL) {
printf("\n没有管理员密码文件，系统错误!\n");
exit(1);
}
fscanf(fp, "%s %s", tname, tpwd); //读取管理员账号、密码
fclose(fp); //关闭文件指针
if ((fp = fopen("stu_list", "rb")) != NULL) {
// fread( students,sizeof( struct Student),1,fp ) 为什么错误 （students为第一个学生的存储地址，数据的读取始终赋值给第一个学生）
while (fread(&students[index], sizeof(struct Student), 1, fp) > 0) { //读取学生信息并统计人数
index ++;
}
printf("\n初始化完成\n");
}
}
//学生英语成绩排序
void sort_english_scores(){
int i;
int j;
struct Student temp;
for(i = 0; i < index-1; i++){
for(j = 0; j < index-1-i; j++){
if(students[j].scores.english < students[j+1].scores.english){
temp = students[j+1];
students[j+1] = students[j];
students[j] = temp;
}
}
}
}
//学生C语言成绩排序
void sort_c_scores(){
int i;
int j;
struct Student temp;
for(i = 0; i < index-1; i++){
for(j = 0; j < index-1-i; j++){
if(students[j].scores.c < students[j+1].scores.c){
temp = students[j+1];
students[j+1] = students[j];
students[j] = temp;
}
}
}
}
//学生java语言成绩排序
void sort_java_scores(){
int i;
int j;
struct Student temp;
for(i = 0; i < index-1; i++){
for(j = 0; j < index-1-i; j++){
if(students[j].scores.java < students[j+1].scores.java){
temp = students[j+1];
students[j+1] = students[j];
students[j] = temp;
}
}
}
}
//修改管理员密码
void changePassword(){
FILE* fp;
char newPassword[10];
printf("输入新的密码：");
scanf("%s",newPassword);
strcpy(tpwd, newPassword);
if((fp=fopen("tpwd.txt","wt"))==NULL){
printf("无法打开要保存的文件!");
pressKey();
return;
}
fwrite(tname,sizeof(char),strlen(tname),fp);
fwrite("\r\n",sizeof(char),1,fp);
fwrite(newPassword,sizeof(char),strlen(newPassword),fp); //保存密码
fclose(fp);
printf("修改成功！\n");
system("pause");
}
//查找学生
int findStudent(int sno) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < index; i++) {
struct Student s = students[i];
if (s.sno == sno) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
//查询成绩
void searchScore() {
char ch;
int sno;
char sname[10];
int index;
system("cls");
printf("======学生成绩查询========\n");
printf("1.根据学号查询\n");
printf("2.根据学生姓名查询\n");
printf("================\n");
printf("请输入选项\n");
scanf("%c", &ch);
fflush(stdin);
if (ch != '1' && ch != '2') {
printf("没有这个选项\n");
pressKey();
return;
}
if (ch == '1') {
printf("请输入待查学号:");
scanf("%d", &sno);
index = findStudent(sno);
}
else if (ch == '2') {
printf("请输入待查学生姓名:");
scanf("%s", sname);
}
if( index<0 ){
printf("查查此学生.....\n");
}
else{
struct Student s= students[index];
printf("学号\t姓名\t英语\tC\tJAVA\n");
printf("%d\t%s\t%5.2lf\t%5.2lf\t%5.2lf\n",s.sno,s.sname,s.scores.english,s.scores.c,s.scores.java);
}
system("pause");
}
//成绩统计
void scoresStatistics(){
int i;
double avg_english = 0;
double avg_c = 0;
double avg_java = 0;
printf("\n英语成绩\n");
sort_english_scores();
for( i = 0; i < index; i++){
avg_english += students[i].scores.english / index;
}
printf("平均分：%6.2lf\n", avg_english);
printf("最高分：%6.2lf\n", students[0].scores.english);
printf("最低分：%6.2lf\n", students[index-1].scores.english);
if( index % 2 != 0 ){
printf("中位数：%6.2lf\n", students[index/2+1].scores.english);
}
else{
printf("中位数：%6.2lf\n", (students[index/2].scores.english + students[index/2+1].scores.english)/2);
}
printf("TOP5:");
for(i = 0; i < 5; i++){
printf(" %6.2lf ",students[i].scores.english);
}
printf("\n\nC语言成绩\n");
sort_c_scores();
for( i = 0; i < index; i++){
avg_c += students[i].scores.c / index;
}
printf("平均分：%6.2lf\n", avg_c);
printf("最高分：%6.2lf\n", students[0].scores.c);
printf("最低分：%6.2lf\n", students[index-1].scores.c);
if( index % 2 == 0 ){
printf("中位数：%6.2lf\n", students[index/2+1].scores.c);
}
else{
printf("中位数：%6.2lf\n", (students[index/2].scores.c + students[index/2+1].scores.c)/2);
}
printf("TOP5:");
for(i = 0; i < 5; i++){
printf(" %6.2lf ",students[i].scores.c);
}
printf("\n\njava成绩\n");
sort_java_scores();
for( i = 0; i < index; i++){
avg_java += students[i].scores.java / index;
}
printf("平均分：%6.2lf\n", avg_java);
printf("最高分：%6.2lf\n", students[0].scores.java);
printf("最低分：%6.2lf\n", students[index-1].scores.java);
if( index % 2 == 0 ){
printf("中位数：%6.2lf\n", students[index/2+1].scores.java);
}
else{
printf("中位数：%6.2lf\n", (students[index/2].scores.java + students[index/2+1].scores.java)/2);
}
printf("TOP5:");
for(i = 0; i < 5; i++){
printf(" %6.2lf ",students[i].scores.java);
}
}
//教师菜单
void teacherMenu() {
char ch; //选项
int flag = 1;
do {
system("cls"); //调用系统命令清屏
printf("\n=============教务系统- 后台==============\n");
printf("1.学生注册\n");
printf("2.学生查询\n");
printf("3.成绩录入\n");
printf("4.成绩查询\n");
printf("5.修改管理员密码\n"); //TODO: 管理员密码修改，并保存
printf("6.成绩统计\n"); //TODO: 分类输出 各科成绩的平均分，最高分，最低分，中位数, 排名TOP5
printf("0.退出管理端\n");
printf("\n==============================================\n");
printf("请输入您的选项:\n");
scanf("%c", &ch);
fflush(stdin);
switch (ch) {
case '1':
addStudent();
break;
case '2':
showStudent();
break;
case '3':
recordScore();
break;
case '4':
searchScore();
break;
case '5':
changePassword();
break;
case '6':
scoresStatistics();
break;
case '0':
flag = 0;
break;
default:
printf("无此选项，请确认后输入...\n");
}
pressKey();
} while (flag);
saveData(); //退出时保存数据
}
//录入成绩
void recordScore() {
int sno;
int site;
char flag = 'y';
do {
system("cls");
printf("请输入学号:");
scanf("%d", &sno);
site = findStudent(sno);
if (site == -1) {
printf("查无此学生:%d.\n", sno);
return;
}
printf("请输入英语成绩:");
scanf("%lf", &students[site].scores.english);
printf("请输入c成绩:");
scanf("%lf", &students[site].scores.c);
printf("请输入java成绩:");
scanf("%lf", &students[site].scores.java);
fflush(stdin);
printf("继续录入吗?(y or yes)");
scanf("%c", &flag);
}while (flag == 'y' || flag == 'Y');
saveData();
}
//保存录入学生数据
void saveData() {
FILE* fp;
if (index <= 0) {
return;
}
if ((fp = fopen("stu_list", "wb")) == NULL) {
printf("无法打开要保存的文件!");
system("pause");
return;
}
fwrite(students, sizeof(struct Student), index, fp);
fclose(fp); //TODO: 保存密码到 tpwd.txt
}
//显示所有学生
void showStudent() {
int i = 1;
system("cls");
printf("\n=========系统中所有的学生信息=========\n"); //TODO: 分屏显示
printf("总共有%d个学生\n",index);
if( index>0){
printf("学号\t姓名\t年龄\t省\t市\t英语\tC语言\tjava\n");
}
else{
printf("\n系统中暂无学生数据。。。\n");
}
for( i=0;i<index;i++){
struct Student s=students[i]; //从数组中取出下标为i的元素
printf("%d\t%s\t%d",s.sno, s.sname, s.age );
printf("\t%s\t%s", s.address.province, s.address.city );
printf("\t%5.1lf\t%5.1lf\t%5.1lf",s.scores.english, s.scores.c,s.scores.java );
printf("\n");
}
}
//添加学生
void addStudent() {
int i = 0;
time_t t;
int newsno;
char flag = 'y';
system("cls");
if (index >= N) {
printf("存储空间不够,请联系管理员处理。。。\n");
return;
}
do {
printf("\n注册第%d个学生\n", i); //随机生成学号
srand( (unsigned)time(&t) );
newsno = rand() % 10000+1; //局部变量
//存到students数组中下标为index的元素，struct Student类型 的元素，放到这个元素的 sno成员
students[index].sno = newsno;
printf("\n请输入学生姓名:");
scanf("%s",students[index].sname ); // sname是数组名，是数组的首地址
printf("\n请输入学生年龄:");
scanf("%d",&students[index].age); //age是基本型 数据，要取地址
fflush(stdin);
i++; index++; //表示数组的下标
printf("\n还要继续录入吗?(Y or N)");
scanf("%c", &flag);
fflush(stdin);
} while (flag == 'y' || flag == 'Y');
saveData();
printf("\n本次总共新录入%d个学生，系统保存%d个学生\n", i, index);
}
//管理员登录
void teacherLogin() {
char ch;
char inputName[10];
char inputPwd[10];
int i;
int j;
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
system("cls");
printf("请输入管理员用户名:");
scanf("%s", inputName); //数组名就是数组的首地址
printf("请输入管理员密码:");
for(j =0; (ch = getch()) != '\r' && j < 10; j++){ //TODO: 以 * 来代替密码的输入
printf("*");
inputPwd[j] = ch;
}
inputPwd[j] = '\0';
fflush(stdin);
if (strcmp(tname,inputName) == 0 && strcmp(tpwd, inputPwd) == 0) {
printf("\n%s登录成功....\n", inputName);
teacherMenu();
return;
}
else {
printf("\n%s登录失败，用户名或密码错误.\n", inputName);
printf("%s",inputPwd);
printf("您还有%d次机会,且行且珍惜.\n", 3-i-1);
}
}
}
//学生登录
void studentLogin(){ //TODO:学生登录
char ch; //选项
int flag = 1;
int flags = 0; //学生学号姓名匹配标志
double avgScores = 0;
double sunScores1 = 0;
double sumScores2 = 0;
struct Student temp;
char newProvince[10];
char newCity[10];
int inputSno = 0;
char inputSname[10];
int i;
int j;
int k;
system("cls");
printf("请输入学生学号:");
scanf("%d", &inputSno);
printf("请输入学生姓名:");
scanf("%s", inputSname); //数组名就是数组的首地址
fflush(stdin);
for(i = 0; i < index; i++){
if ( students[i].sno == inputSno && strcmp(students[i].sname, inputSname) == 0){
flags = 1; //匹配成功
break;
}
}
if(flags == 0){
printf("\n登录失败，学号或姓名错误.\n");
}
else {
printf("\n%s登录成功....\n", inputSname);
do {
system("cls"); //调用系统命令清屏
printf("\n=============教务系统- 学生==============\n");
printf("1.查看成绩\n");
printf("2.查看名次\n");
printf("3.查看C课程的平均分，最高分和最低分及自己的成绩名次\n");
printf("4.修改地址\n");
printf("0.退出\n");
printf("\n==============================================\n");
printf("请输入您的选项:\n");
scanf("%c", &ch);
fflush(stdin);
switch (ch) {
case '1':
printf("英语成绩 C语言成绩 java成绩\n");
printf("%6.1lf %6.1lf %6.1lf\n",students[i].scores.english,students[i].scores.c,students[i].scores.java);
break;
case '2':
//总成绩排序
for(k = 0; k < index-1; k++){
for(j = 0; j < index-1-i; j++){
sunScores1 = students[j].scores.english + students[j].scores.c + students[j].scores.java;
sumScores2 = students[j+1].scores.english + students[j+1].scores.c + students[j+1].scores.java;
if(sunScores1 < sumScores2){
temp = students[j+1];
students[j+1] = students[j];
students[j] = temp;
}
}
}
printf("排名 姓名 总成绩\n");
for(j = 0; j < index; j++){
if(students[j].sno == students[i].sno){
SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), 4); //高亮显示
printf(" %d %d %s %6.1lf \n", j+1,
students[j].sno,
students[j].sname,
students[j].scores.english + students[j].scores.c + students[j].scores.java
);
SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), 7);
}
else{
printf(" %d %d %s %6.1lf \n", j+1,
students[j].sno,
students[j].sname,
students[j].scores.english + students[j].scores.c + students[j].scores.java
);
}
}
break;
case '3':
sort_c_scores();
for(j = 0; j < index; j++){
avgScores += students[j].scores.c / index;
}
printf("C语言");
printf("平均分:%6.1lf\n",avgScores);
printf("最高分:%6.1lf\n",students[0].scores.c);
printf("最低分:%6.1lf\n",students[index-1].scores.c);
for(j = 0; j < index; j++){
if(students[j].scores.c == students[i].scores.c){
printf("名次:%d\n",j+1); //输出名次
break;
}
}
break;
case '4':
printf("输入新的province:\n");
scanf("%s",newProvince);
strcpy(students[i].address.province, newProvince);
printf("输入新的city:\n");
scanf("%s",newCity);
strcpy(students[i].address.city, newCity);
printf("修改成功！");
saveData();
break;
case '0':
flag = 0;
break;
default:
printf("无此选项，请确认后输入...\n");
system("pause");
}
}while (flag);
saveData(); //退出时保存数据
}
}
void pressKey(){
char ch;
printf("按任意键继续...");
scanf("%c",ch);
}
资源获取
整体项目打包 下载地址：学生信息管理系统（数组）.rar
基于链表实现的项目 下载地址：学生信息管理系统（链表）.rar
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