vector中capacity()和size()有什么不同？

　　在学习vector时看到capacity()和size()都是求容器在内存中分配的大小，为什么两者得到的结果却不一样呢？下面把代码和结果贴出来和大家分享下！

注：以下结果是在vs2005下编译的。

void capacity()
{
	vector<int>v;
	cout << "初始值" << endl;
	cout << "v.size() = " << v.size() << "\tv.capacity() = " << v.capacity() << endl;
	cout << "变化后的值" << endl;
	for(int i = 0; i < 15; i++)
	{
		v.push_back(i);
		cout << "v.size() = " << v.size() << "\tv.capacity() = " << v.capacity() << endl;
	}
}

得到的结果为：

初始值
v.size() = 0    v.capacity() = 0
变化后的值
v.size() = 1    v.capacity() = 1
v.size() = 2    v.capacity() = 2
v.size() = 3    v.capacity() = 3
v.size() = 4    v.capacity() = 4
v.size() = 5    v.capacity() = 6
v.size() = 6    v.capacity() = 6
v.size() = 7    v.capacity() = 9
v.size() = 8    v.capacity() = 9
v.size() = 9    v.capacity() = 9
v.size() = 10   v.capacity() = 13
v.size() = 11   v.capacity() = 13
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 13
v.size() = 13   v.capacity() = 13
v.size() = 14   v.capacity() = 19
v.size() = 15   v.capacity() = 19
为什么两者的结果不一样？

 

我再试了下下面的情况：

void capacity()
{
	vector<int>v;
	cout << "初始值" << endl;
	cout << "v.size() = " << v.size() << "\tv.capacity() = " << v.capacity() << endl;
	cout << "变化后的值" << endl;
	for(int i = 0; i < 15; i++)
	{
		v.push_back(i);
		v.resize(12);  
		cout << "v.size() = " << v.size() << "\tv.capacity() = " << v.capacity() << endl;
	}
}

得到的结果是：

初始值
v.size() = 0    v.capacity() = 0
变化后的值
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 12
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 18
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 18
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 18
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 18
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 18
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 18
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 18
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 18
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 18
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 18
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 18
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 18
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 18
v.size() = 12   v.capacity() = 18

为什么size()的大小就不会变化了呢？为什么capacity()的大小直接从12就跳到了18？