设置源列表及更新系统
打开终端方法:
按下ALT+F2 -> gnome-terminal
备份当前的源列表,以便日后需要时恢复:
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup
编辑源列表
gksu gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
从以下各服务器列表内容中选择一段替换文件中的所有内容,一般来说加入一至两组即可,加多了影响更新速度。
网易163更新服务器:
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
Mirrors.shlug.org更新服务器(电信服务器,Ubuntu China Official Mirror, maintained by Shanghai Linux User Group):
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
sohu新服务器:
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
保存编辑好的文件,执行以下命令更新
sudo apt-get update #这一步是更新你的源列表,换源后必须执行
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade #这一步是更新软件,如果你对新版本软件的需求不是那么迫切,可以不执行
配置中文环境
- 单击主菜单中的“系统(System) --> 系统管理(Administration) --> 语言支持(language support)”。
- 系统提示“您的语言支持没有完全安装,点击“安装”按钮,系统将自动下载语言包以及其它附属软件包。
- 在弹出对话框左下方有一项 [install/remove ...],选择 中文(Chinese) 语言包
- 语言包更新完成后,将列表中的"汉语(中国)"拖到第一项,重启一次Ubuntu,你将看到全中文的Ubuntu界面。
安装Nvidia官方驱动及调整开机分辨率
1、修改 /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf 文件
sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.con
在文件最后添加如下几行
blacklist vga16fb
blacklist nouveau
blacklist rivafb
blacklist nvidiafb
blacklist rivatv
注意:文件结尾处有一空行
2、修改 /etc/default/grub 文件
先安装v86d和hwinfo包,下面我们要用到:
sudo apt-get install v86d hwinfo
修改/etc/default/grub文件,使用uvesafb的framebuffer来启动
sudo gedit /etc/default/grub
把下面的两行
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640×480
修改为:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset video=uvesafb:mode_option=1440x900-24,mtrr=3,scroll=ywrap"
GRUB_GFXMODE=1440x900
注意要把前面的#去掉。
修改/etc/initramfs-tools/modules文件,
sudo gedit /etc/initramfs-tools/modules
添加下面这行:
uvesafb mode_option=1440x900-24 mtrr=3 scroll=ywrap
运行下面的命令,启用framebuffer:
echo FRAMEBUFFER=y | sudo tee /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/splash
运行下面的命令,更新grub配置文件:
sudo update-grub2
sudo update-initramfs -u
3、删除系统自带驱动
通过 Alt + Ctrl + F3 或开一个终端窗口输入
sudo gdm-stop
退出到 tty 终端;然后执行以下命令卸载驱动:
sudo apt-get --purge remove nvidia-*
sudo apt-get --purge remove xserver-xorg-video-nouveau
4、安装官网驱动
sudo sh NVIDIA-Linux-???-???.??.??-pkg1.run -k $(uname -r)
然后运行以下命令
sudo nvidia-xconfig
最后重启
sudo reboot
大功告成...
设置开机自动调整屏幕亮度
运行命令
sudo gedit /etc/init.d/rc
在
PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin
export PATH
之前加入以下代码
sh -c "echo -n ? > /proc/acpi/video/NVID/LCD/brightness"
# ? 的值取 = 0, 10, 25, 40, 55, 70, 85, 100
即可实现开机自动调整设定的亮度
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mac4Lin: http://candy.twgogo.org/2010/09/ubuntu-imitation-mac/