Python中str操作的学习

Python中str操作的学习

Python 2.7.3 (default, Apr 10 2012, 23:31:26) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.
>>> help(str)
Help on class str in module __builtin__:

class str(basestring)
 |  str(object) -> string
 |  
 |  Return a nice string representation of the object.
 |  If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object.
 |  
 |  Method resolution order:（方法解释顺序）
 |      str
 |      basestring
 |      object
 |  
 |  Methods defined here:（这里定义的方法）
 |  
 |  __add__(...)加法
 |      x.__add__(y) <==> x+y
 |  
 |  __contains__(...)蕴含
 |      x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x
 |  
 |  __eq__(...)相等
 |      x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y
 |  
 |  __format__(...)格式转换
 |      S.__format__(format_spec) -> string
 |      
 |      Return a formatted version of S as described by format_spec.
 |  
 |  __ge__(...)大于等于
 |      x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y
 |  
 |  __getattribute__(...)获取属性
 |      x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name
 |  
 |  __getitem__(...)获取条目
 |      x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y]
 |  
 |  __getnewargs__(...)
 |  
 |  __getslice__(...)切片
 |      x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]
 |      
 |   Use of negative indices is not supported.
 |  （负数的使用在这里是不支持的）
 |  __gt__(...)大于
 |      x._¬_gt__(y) <==> x>y
 |  
 |  __hash__(...)？
 |      x.__hash__() <==> hash(x)
 |  
 |  __le__(...)小于等于
 |      x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y
 |  
 |  __len__(...)测量长度
 |      x.__len__() <==> len(x)
 |  
 |  __lt__(...)小于
 |      x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y
 |  
 |  __mod__(...)取余
 |      x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y
 |  
 |  __mul__(...)乘法
 |      x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n
 |  
 |  __ne__(...)不等于
 |      x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y
 |  
 |  __repr__(...)？
 |      x.__repr__() <==> repr(x)
 |  
 |  __rmod__(...)被取余
 |      x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x
 |  
 |  __rmul__(...)被乘
 |      x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x
 |  
 |  __sizeof__(...)字节数
 |      S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes
 |  
 |  __str__(...)返回x的str形式
 |      x.__str__() <==> str(x)
 |  
 |  capitalize(...)首字母大写
 |      S.capitalize() -> string 

 |      Return a copy of the string S with only its first character
 |      capitalized.
 |  （|返回字符串 S 的只是其第一个字符的副本首字母大写。
 |  center(...)返回一个以S为中心的字符串，其余字符用fillchar填充
 |      S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> string

 |      Return S centered in a string of length width. Padding is
 |      done using the specified fill character (default is a space)
 |  （返回 S 中字符串长度宽度居中。填充是完成使用指定的填充字符 (默认为空格)
 |  count(...)返回以start开始，以end结尾的切片子串包含的字符数
 |      S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
 |      
 |      Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in
 |      string S[start:end].  Optional arguments start and end are interpreted
 |      as in slice notation.
|  （返回非重叠的子字符串中的子匹配项的数目字符串 S [开始: 结束]。可选参数的开始和结束的解释如在切片表示法。）
 |  decode(...)译码
 |      S.decode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object
 |      
 |      Decodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults
 |      to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error
 |      handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise
 |      a UnicodeDecodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore' and 'replace'
 |      as well as any other name registered with codecs.register_error that is
 |      able to handle UnicodeDecodeErrors.
（编码使用的编解码器的 S 注册编码。编码的默认值为默认的编码。错误可能会给以设置不同的错误处理方案。默认值是编码错误引发的 '严格' 意义UnicodeEncodeError。其他可能的值是 '忽略'，'替换' 和'xmlcharrefreplace'，以及任何其他名称注册|能够处理 UnicodeEncodeErrors 的 codecs.register_error。）
|
 |  
 |  encode(...)编码
 |      S.encode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object
 |      
 |      Encodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults
 |      to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error
 |      handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise
 |      a UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and
 |      'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with
 |      codecs.register_error that is able to handle UnicodeEncodeErrors.
  （如果 S 结束以指定的后缀，假否则，返回 True。与可选的起始，测试 S 从该位置开始。随着可选结束，停止比较 S 的该位置。后缀也可以尝试的字符串的元组。）
|
 |  endswith(...)字符串S是否以指定的后缀结尾
 |      S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
 |      
 |      Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise.
 |      With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
 |      With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
 |      suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try.
如果 S 结束以指定的后缀，假否则，返回 True。与可选的起始，测试 S 从该位置开始。随着可选结束，停止比较 S 的该位置。后缀也可以尝试的字符串的元组。

 |  expandtabs(...)替换制表符，参数是制表符包含空格数，默认8字符
 |      S.expandtabs([tabsize]) -> string
 |      
 |      Return a copy of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.
 |      If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.
 （返回 S 在那里所有的制表符的一个副本被扩大使用空格。如果不给标签大小，则假定选项卡大小为 8 个字符。）

 |  find(...)寻找子串，返回索引最小的位置。没找到则返回-1
 |      S.find(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int（这里的sub要打引号）
 |      
 |      Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,
 |      such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional
 |      arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
 |      Return -1 on failure.
（在 S 找到子字符串，返回最低的索引这样子包含在 S [开始: 结束]。可选争论就开始和结束都解释为切片表示法）
失败返回-1
 |  format(...)？
 |      S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> string
 |      
 |      Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs.
 |      The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').
 |  （返回格式化后的版本的 S，使用替换参数和调用。替换由大括号 ({' 和 '}')。）
 |  index(...)与S.find类似，但是如果没有找到则引发ValueError
 |      S.index(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
 |      
 |      Like S.find() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.
 |  
 |  isalnum(...)如果S非空且全部字符都是字母或数字，则返回True
 |      S.isalnum() -> bool
 |      
 |      Return True if all characters in S are alphanumeric
 |      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
 |  
 |  isalpha(...)如果S非空且全部字符都是字母，则返回True
 |      S.isalpha() -> bool
 |      
 |      Return True if all characters in S are alphabetic
 |      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
 |  
 |  isdigit(...)如果S非空且全部字符都是数字，则返回True
 |      S.isdigit() -> bool
 |      
 |      Return True if all characters in S are digits
 |      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
 |  
 |  islower(...)S为非空且全部字符均为小写字母，则返回真
 |      S.islower() -> bool
 |      
 |      Return True if all cased characters in S are lowercase and there is
 |      at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.
 |  
 |  isspace(...)S为非空且全部字符均为空格，则返回真
 |      S.isspace() -> bool
 |      
 |      Return True if all characters in S are whitespace
 |      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
 |  
 istitle(...)判断S是否是title，title就是字符串中所有单词首字母大写，其余小写。是则输出true
 |      S.istitle() -> bool
 |      
 |      Return True if S is a titlecased string and there is at least one
 |      character in S, i.e. uppercase characters may only follow uncased
 |      characters and lowercase characters only cased ones. Return False
 |      otherwise.
 |  
 |  isupper(...)S为非空且全部字符均为大写字母，则返回真
 |      S.isupper() -> bool
 |      
 |      Return True if all cased characters in S are uppercase and there is
 |      at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.
 |  
 |  join(...)在iterable中的每两个元素之间放一个S
 |      S.join(iterable) -> string
 |      
 |      Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the
 |      iterable.  The separator between elements is S.
 |  
 |  ljust(...)左对齐，默认空格补齐
 |      S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> string
 |      
 |      Return S left-justified in a string of length width. Padding is
 |      done using the specified fill character (default is a space).
 |  
 |  lower(...)返回S的小写副本
 |      S.lower() -> string
 |      
 |      Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase.
 |  
 |  lstrip(...)去掉左边的空白字符（回车、空格、tab之类）
 |      S.lstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode
 |      
 |      Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed.
 |      If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
 |      If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping
 |  
 |  partition(...)
 |      S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
 |      
 |      Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it,
 |      the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the separator is not
 |      found, return S and two empty strings.
 |  （在S中寻找sep，并且返回sep的之前的部分。他的分隔符本身。还有spe之后的部分。如果分隔符不能找到，则返回S和两个空的字符串。）
 |  replace(...)用new替换S中的old，count表示替换几个
 |      S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> string
 |      
 |      Return a copy of string S with all occurrences of substring
 |      old replaced by new.  If the optional argument count is
 |      given, only the first count occurrences are replaced.
 |  （返回子字符串的所有匹配项的字符串 S 的副本取而代之的是new。如果可选参数计数给出了，只有第一张事件所取代。）
|
 |  rfind(...)在S中找sub子串，返回索引最大的那个，失败就返回-1。从右开始查找，返回引用计数
 |      S.rfind(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
 |      
 |      Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,
 |      such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional
 |      arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
 |      
 |      Return -1 on failure.
 |  
 |  rindex(...)和s.rfind类似，但是如果找不到就返回valueerror
 |      S.rindex(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
 |      
 |      Like S.rfind() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.
 |  
 |  rjust(...)右对齐，默认用空格补齐
 |      S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> string
 |      
 |      Return S right-justified in a string of length width. Padding is
 |      done using the specified fill character (default is a space)
 |  
 |  rpartition(...)
 |      S.rpartition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
 |      
 |      Search for the separator sep in S, starting at the end of S, and return
 |      the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the
 |      separator is not found, return two empty strings and S.
 |  （如果分隔符不能找到，则返回S和两个空的字符串。）
 |  rsplit(...)把S根据sep分割成一个list
 |      S.rsplit([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings
 |      
 |      Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the
 |      delimiter string, starting at the end of the string and working
 |      to the front.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit splits are
 |      done. If sep is not specified or is None, any whitespace string
 |      is a separator.
 |  （在S中返回一个列表，使用sep作为定界符字符串，从字符串结尾开始并到开头。如果如果给出了 maxsplit，在大多数 maxsplit 分裂都完成。如果 sep 未指定或没有任何空格的字符串是一个分隔符。
 |  rstrip(...)去除右边的字串
 |      S.rstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode
 |      
 |      Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed.
 |      If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
 |      If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping
 |  （返回字符串 S 的副本与移除尾随空格。如果给出了字符并不是没有，相反在字符删除字符。如果字符是 unicode，S 将剥离之前转换为 unicode）
 |  split(...)分割
 |      S.split([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings
 |      
 |      Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the
 |      delimiter string.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit
 |      splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any
 |      whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are removed
 |      from the result.
 |  （在 S，使用 sep 作为字符串返回一个单词列表分隔符的字符串。如果 maxsplit 给定，顶多 maxsplit进行了拆分。如果 sep 未指定，或没有，任何空白字符串是一个分隔符和空字符串中移除从结果。）
 |  splitlines(...)?
 |      S.splitlines([keepends]) -> list of strings
 |      
 |      Return a list of the lines in S, breaking at line boundaries.
 |      Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends
 |      is given and true.
 |  (在 S，打破在行边界返回行的列表。换行符不包含在结果列表中，除非 keepends是给定和真实。
 |  startswith(...)是否以prefix开头
 |      S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
 |      
 |      Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise.
 |      With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
 |      With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
 |      prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try.
 |  (如果 S 开始以指定的前缀，假否则，返回 True。与可选的起始，测试 S 从该位置开始。随着可选结束，停止比较 S 的该位置。前缀还可以尝试的字符串的元组。
 |  strip(...)去除两边的空格
 |      S.strip([chars]) -> string or unicode
 |      
 |      Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing
 |      whitespace removed.
 |      If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
 |      If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping
 |  (返回字符串 S 的前导和尾随的副本空格删除。如果给出了字符并不是没有，相反在字符删除字符。如果字符是 unicode，S 将剥离之前转换为 unicode)
 |  swapcase(...)大写变小写，小写变大写
 |      S.swapcase() -> string
 |      
 |      Return a copy of the string S with uppercase characters
 |      converted to lowercase and vice versa.
 |  (返回字符串 S 的大写字符的副本转换为小写，反之亦然。)
 |  title(...)首字母大写
 |      S.title() -> string
 |      
 |      Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with uppercase
 |      characters, all remaining cased characters have lowercase.
 |  (返回一个 titlecased 版本的 S，即单词开头大写字符，所有剩余的字符都小写。)
 |  translate(...)？翻译
 |      S.translate(table [,deletechars]) -> string
 |      
 |      Return a copy of the string S, where all characters occurring
 |      in the optional argument deletechars are removed, and the
 |      remaining characters have been mapped through the given
 |      translation table, which must be a string of length 256 or None.
 |      If the table argument is None, no translation is applied and
 |      the operation simply removes the characters in deletechars.
 |  
 |  upper(...)返回一个S的大写副本
 |      S.upper() -> string
 |      
 |      Return a copy of the string S converted to uppercase.
 |  
 |  zfill(...)0左填充
 |      S.zfill(width) -> string
 |      
 |      Pad a numeric string S with zeros on the left, to fill a field
 |      of the specified width.  The string S is never truncated.
 |  
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data and other attributes defined here:
 |  
 |  __new__ = <built-in method __new__ of type object>
 |      T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T

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