Spring5 依赖注入环境

依赖注入

• 构造器注入

构造器注入呢在前面的案例中就有讲解今天呢主要去讲set注入。

• set方式注入（重点）

1. 依赖：bean对象的创建依赖于容器！

2. 注入：bean对象中的所有属性，由容器来注入！

3. 【环境搭建】

复杂类型

package com.cloud.pojo;

public class Address {
    private String address;

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
}

真实测试对象

package com.cloud.pojo;


import java.util.*;

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private Address address;
    private String[] books;
    private List<String> hobbys;
    private Map<String,String> card;
    private Set<String> games;
    private String wife;
    private Properties info;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String[] getBooks() {
        return books;
    }

    public void setBooks(String[] books) {
        this.books = books;
    }

    public List<String> getHobbys() {
        return hobbys;
    }

    public void setHobbys(List<String> hobbys) {
        this.hobbys = hobbys;
    }

    public Map<String, String> getCard() {
        return card;
    }

    public void setCard(Map<String, String> card) {
        this.card = card;
    }

    public Set<String> getGames() {
        return games;
    }

    public void setGames(Set<String> games) {
        this.games = games;
    }

    public String getWife() {
        return wife;
    }

    public void setWife(String wife) {
        this.wife = wife;
    }

    public Properties getInfo() {
        return info;
    }

    public void setInfo(Properties info) {
        this.info = info;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", address=" + address +
                ", books=" + Arrays.toString(books) +
                ", hobbys=" + hobbys +
                ", card=" + card +
                ", games=" + games +
                ", wife='" + wife + '\'' +
                ", info=" + info +
                '}';
    }
}

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="student" class="com.cloud.pojo.Student">
        <!--第一种，普通注入，value一个值-->
        <property name="name" value="陈狗蛋"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

测试类

import com.cloud.pojo.Student;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student");
        System.out.println(student.getName());
    }
}

完善注入信息

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="address" class="com.cloud.pojo.Address">
        <property name="address" value="拉跨"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="student" class="com.cloud.pojo.Student">
        <!--第一种，普通注入，value一个值-->
        <property name="name" value="陈狗蛋"/>

        <!--第二种，bean注入-->
        <property name="address" ref="address"/>

        <!--数组-->
        <property name="books">
           <array>
               <value>红楼们</value>
               <value>西游记</value>
               <value>水浒传</value>
               <value>三国演义</value>
           </array>
        </property>

        <!--List-->
        <property name="hobbys">
            <list>
                <value>看电影</value>
                <value>打游戏</value>
                <value>听歌</value>
                <value>干饭</value>
            </list>
        </property>

        <!--Map-->
        <property name="card">
            <map>
                <entry key="身份证" value="15645364896489168"/>
                <entry key="银行卡" value="05641+69549859695"/>
            </map>
        </property>

        <!--Set-->
        <property name="games">
            <set>
                <value>LOL</value>
                <value>COC</value>
                <value>BOB</value>
            </set>
        </property>

        <!--null-->
        <property name="wife">
            <null/>
        </property>

        <!--Properties-->
        <property name="info">
            <props>
                <prop key="driver">201925040</prop>
                <prop key="url">男</prop>
                <prop key="username">赵狗蛋</prop>
                <prop key="password">123456</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

• 拓展方式注入

我们可以使用p命令空间和c命令空间进行注入

官方解释:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


    <!--p命名空间，可以直接注入属性的值:property-->
    <bean id="user" class="com.cloud.pojo.User" p:name="陈狗蛋" p:age="58"/>

    <!--p命名空间，可以直接注入属性的值:property-->
    <bean id="user2" class="com.cloud.pojo.User" c:name="王狗蛋" c:age="65"/>

</beans>

测试：

  @Test
    public void test2(){
      ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("userbeans.xml");
        User user = context.getBean("user2", User.class);
        System.out.println(user);

    }

注意点：p命名空间和c命名空间不能直接使用，需要导入xml约束！

 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
 xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"

使用这种注入方式呢还需要注意两个点使用p呢就必须要有无参构造器c呢需要有参构造器 如果两个一起测试呢则都需要去创建，因为一旦创建有参构造器后无参构造器就会消失。