Django框架学习二---博客系统

创建博客

startapp blog

设计数据模型（model.py）

from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
class Post(models.Model):
    STATUS_CHOICES = ( 
        ('draft','Draft'),
        ('published','Published'),
    )
    title = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    slug = models.SlugField(max_length=250, unique_for_date='publish')
    author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='blog_posts')
    body = models.TextField()
    publish = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    status = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=STATUS_CHOICES, default='draft')

    class Meta:
        ordering = ('-publish',)

    def _str_(self):
        return self.title

model.py是数据模块，主要用于设创建数据表

激活应用程序（setting.py）

在INSTALLED_APP中添加

'blog.apps.BlogConfig'

setting.py是全局配置文件，包括数据库，web应用等

设置并使用迁移方案

1.对模型创建初始迁移

python manage.py makemigrations blog

2.执行sql语句，创建模型表

python manage.py sqlmigrate blog

3.数据库与模型同步

python manage.py migrate

管理站点

1.创建超级用户

python manage.py createsuperuser

2.定制模型的显示方式（moduls.py)

from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone


class Post(models.Model):
    STATUS_CHOICES = (
        ('draft','Draft'),
        ('published','Published'),
    )
    title = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    slug = models.SlugField(max_length=250, unique_for_date='publish')
    author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='blog_posts')
    body = models.TextField()
    publish = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    status = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=STATUS_CHOICES, default='draft')

    class Meta:
        ordering = ('-publish',)

    def _str_(self):
        return self.title