BGP综合实验

 

实验要求：

1.AS1存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168.1.0/24该地址不能在任何协议中宣告

2.AS3中存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168,2.0/24该地址不能在任何协议中宣告，最终要求这两个环回可以互相通讯

3.AS1的另一个环回为10.0.0.0/24,AS3的另一个环回为11.0.0.0/24

4.整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16，请合理划，AS间的骨干链路IP地址随意定制。使用BGP协议让整个网络所有设备的环回可以互相访问

5.减少路由条自数量,避免环路出现

一：IP地址规划

AS1：R1：0/0/0 12.1.1.1 24

         lo：192.168.1.1 24 l1：10.0.0.1 24

AS2

R2

0/0/0 12.1.1.2 24  0/0/1  172.16.1.1 29

 0/0/2  172.16.1.25 29  L0 172.16.2.1 24

R3

0/0/0  172.16.1.2 29  0/0/1  172.16.1.9 29  L0  172.16.3.1 24

R4

0/0/0  172.16.2.0 29  0/0/1 172.16.1.17 29  L0  172.16.4.1 24

R5

 0/0/0  17216.1.26 29  0/0/1  172.16.1.33 29  L0  172.16.5.1 24

R6

0/0/0  172.16.1.34 29  0/0/1  172.16.1.41 29  L0  172.16.6.1 24

R7

0/0/0  172.16.1.42  29   0/0/1  172.16.1.18 29 0/0/2 78.1.1.1 24

  L0   172.16.7.1 24

AS3

R8

0/0/0  78.1.1.2 24   L0  192.168.2.1  24   L1   11.0.0.1 24

二：配置IP地址

[R1]int g 0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.1 24

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l00

[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.1 24

[R1-LoopBack0]int lo1

[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 10.0.0.1 24

[R2]int g 0/0/0

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 24

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.1.1 29

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 172.16.1.25 29

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int lo0

[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.2.1 24

[R3]int g 0/0/0

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.2 29

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.1.9 29

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0

[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.3.1 24

[R4]int g 0/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.2.0 29

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.1.17 29

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0

[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.4.1 24

[R5]int g 0/0/0

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.26 29

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.1.33 29

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0

[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.5.1 24

[R6]int g  0/0/0

[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.34 29

[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1

[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.1.41 29

[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0

[R6-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.6.1 24

[R7]int g 0/0/0

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.42 29

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.1.18

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.1.18 29

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 78.1.1.1 24

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int lo0

[R7-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.7.1 24

[R8]int g 0/0/0

[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 78.1.1.2 24

[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0

[R8-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.2.1 24

[R8-LoopBack0]int lo1

[R8-LoopBack1]ip address 11.0.0.1 24

三:OSPF配置

在AS2中启用OSPF协议

[R2]ospf 1 router-id  2.2.2.2

[R2-ospf-1]a 0

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3

[R3-ospf-1]a 0

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4

[R4-ospf-1]a 0

[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5

[R5-ospf-1]a 0

[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6

[R6-ospf-1]a 0

[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7

[R7-ospf-1]a 0

[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

四：BGP配置

对所有设备启用BGP协议，并进行对等体建立

[R1]bgp 1

[R1-bgp]route-select

[R1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1

[R1-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as-number  2

[R1-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface lo0

[R1-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 ebgp-max-hop

[R2]bgp 64512

[R2-bgp]route-select

[R2-bgp]router-id 172.16.2.1

[R2-bgp]confederation id 2

[R2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as-number  1

[R2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface lo0

[R2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 ebgp-max-hop

将TTL值改大才能正常建邻

[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as-number 64512

[R3]bgp 64512

[R3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3

[R3-bgp]confederation id 2

[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as-number 64512

[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface lo0

[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 as-number 64512

[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 connect-interface lo0

[R4]bgp 64512

[R4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4

[R4-bgp]confederation id 2

[R4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513

[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as-number 64512

[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-interface lo0

[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 as-number 64513

[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 connect-interface lo0

[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 ebgp-max-hop

[R5]bgp 64513

[R5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5

[R5-bgp]confederation

[R5-bgp]confederation id 2

[R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512

[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as-number 64512

[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface lo0

[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 ebgp-max-hop

[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 as-number 64513

[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 connect-interface lo0

[R6]bgp 64513

[R6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6

[R6-bgp]confederation id 2

[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as-nu

[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as-number 64513

[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 connect-interface lo0

[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 as 64513

[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 connect-interface lo0

[R7]bgp 64513

[R7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7

[R7-bgp]confederation id 2

[R7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512

[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 as 64513

[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 connect-interface lo0

[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 as 64512

[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 connect-interface lo0

[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 ebgp-max-hop

[R8]bgp 3

[R8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8

[R8-bgp]peer 78.1.1.1 as 2

• 书写静态路由

[R1]ip route-static 172.16.2.1 24 12.0.0.2

 [R2]ip route-static 10.0.0.1 24 12.0.0.1

 [R7]ip route-static 11.0.0.1 24 78.1.1.2

 [R8]ip route-static 172.16.7.1 24 78.1.1.1

 

六：发布路由

[R1]bgp 1

[R1-bgp]network 10.0.0.0 24

收到信息不可用，是由于AS_BY_AS规则导致，R2发出的下一跳未变，需将下一跳改为local

[R2]bgp 64512

[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 next-hop-local

[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 next-hop-local

由于 水平分割，R4和R、收不到，因此需要指定R2为R3的客户，配置路由反射器

[R3]bgp 64512

[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 reflect-clien

指定R7为R6的客户

[R6]bgp 64513

[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 reflect-client

[R7]bgp 64513

[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 next-hop-local

[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 next-hop-local

[R8]bgp 3

[R8-bgp]network 11.0.0.0 24

七：做空接口，汇总和宣告

[R2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0

[R2]bgp 64512

[R2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

避免往黑洞发送的数据表在AS2内部传递浪费资源

[R7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0

[R7]bgp 64513

[R7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

R1和R8环回可通，做GRE隧道

[R1]int t 0/0/0

[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address  192.168.10.1 24

[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre

[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 10.0.0.1

[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]description 11.0.0.1

八：测试