numpy.unravel_index 说明

官网的api说明如下：

numpy. unravel_index ( indices ,  dims ,  order='C' )

Converts a flat index or array of flat indices into a tuple of coordinate arrays.

Parameters:

indices : array_like An integer array whose elements are indices into the flattened version of an array of dimensions dims. Before version 1.6.0, this function accepted just one index value. dims : tuple of ints The shape of the array to use for unraveling indices. order : {‘C’, ‘F’}, optional Determines whether the indices should be viewed as indexing in row-major (C-style) or column-major (Fortran-style) order. New in version 1.6.0.

Returns:

unraveled_coords : tuple of ndarray Each array in the tuple has the same shape as the indices array.

See also

ravel_multi_index

Examples

>>>

>>> np . unravel_index([ 22 , 41 , 37 ], ( 7 , 6 ))

(array([3, 6, 6]), array([4, 5, 1]))

>>> np . unravel_index([ 31 , 41 , 13 ], ( 7 , 6 ), order = 'F' )

(array([3, 6, 6]), array([4, 5, 1]))

>>>

>>> np . unravel_index( 1621 , ( 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ))(3, 1, 4, 1)

例子：

Consider a (6,7,8) shape array, what is the index (x,y,z) of the 100th element ?

>>> print np.unravel_index( 100 ,( 6 , 7 , 8 ))

( 1 , 5 , 4 )

解释：

给定一个矩阵，shape=（6,7,8），即3维的矩阵，求第n个元素的下标是什么？ 矩阵各维的下标从0开始

如果indices参数是一个标量，那么返回的是一个向量，维数=矩阵的维数，向量的值其实就是在矩阵中对应的下标。如6*7*8*9的矩阵，1621/(7*8*9)=3，(1621-3*7*8*9)/(8*9)=1，(1621-3*7*8*9-1*8*9)/9=4，(1621-3*7*8*9-1*8*9-4*9)=1。所以返回的向量为array(3,1,4,1)

如果indices参数是一个向量的，那么通过该向量中值求出对应的下标。下标的个数就是矩阵的维数，每一维下标组成一个向量，所以返回的向量的个数=矩阵维数。如7*6的矩阵，第22个元素是 3*6+4，所以对应的下标是(3,4)，那么返回的值是 array([3]),array([4])