R语言入门--字符串检测拆分提取替换和删除

---

title: “R语言入门–玩转字符串”
output: html_document
date: “2024-03-13”

代码的路上常新的才是迷人的，坚韧的才是长久的！

玩转字符串

— -str_split 是R中stringr包中的一个函数，用于将字符串进行拆分。- str_split函数中的simplify参数用于控制拆分结果的形式。如果simplify设置为TRUE，拆分的结果将被转换为矩阵或数组；如果设置为FALSE，拆分的结果将保存在列表中

• 1.检测字符串长度

x <- "I love my life."
x
### 1.检测字符串长度
str_length(x) ## 单个字符的长度 包括空格
length(x) ## 字符串的长度

[1] “I love my life.”
[1] 15
[1] 1

• 2.字符串拆分

### 2.字符串拆分 str_split将字符串进行拆分
str_split(x," ") #以空格为标准拆分
class(str_split(x," ")) #拆分的字符文件是列表
x2 = str_split(x," ")[[1]];x2 #字符拆分简写格式

[[1]]
[1] “I” “love” “my” “life.”

[1] “list”
[1] “I” “love” “my” “life.”

y = c("dd 150","pp 140","hh 152") #拆分的字符文件是多元素组成的列表
str_split(y," ")
str_split(y," ",simplify = T) #拆分的字符文件是列表
class(str_split(y," ",simplify = T))
## 矩阵不可局部修改数据类型 数据框可以

[1] “I love my life.”
[1] 15
[1] 1
Show in New Window
[[1]]
[1] “I” “love” “my” “life.”

[1] “list”
[1] “I” “love” “my” “life.”
Show in New Window
[[1]]
[1] “dd” “150”

[[2]]
[1] “pp” “140”

[[3]]
[1] “hh” “152”

 [,1] [,2] 

[1,] “dd” “150”
[2,] “pp” “140”
[3,] “hh” “152”
[1] “matrix” “array”

• 3.按位置提取字符串

x = "I love my life."
str_sub(x,3,6)
##[1] "birch"

[1] “love”

• 4.字符检测

x =c("I love my life","you","he","she","me") 
str_detect(x,"v")
str_starts(x,"h") #
str_ends(x,"e")

[1] TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[1] FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE
[1] TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE

• 5.字符串替换

x =c("I love my life","yoou","he") 
str_replace(x,"o","A") #只能替换每个字符串中第1个
str_replace_all(x,"o","A") #可都替换掉
str_replace_all(x,"o|v","A")

[1] “I lAve my life” “yAou” “he”
[1] “I lAve my life” “yAAu” “he”
[1] “I lAAe my life” “yAAu” “he”

• 6.字符删除

x =c("I love my life","yoou","he") 
str_remove(x," ")
str_remove_all(x," ")

[1] “Ilove my life” “yoou” “he”
[1] “Ilovemylife” “yoou” “he”

引自生信技能树