嵌套列表解析
Python的列表还可以嵌套。
以下实例展示了3X4的矩阵列表:
>>> matrix = [ ... [1, 2, 3, 4], ... [5, 6, 7, 8], ... [9, 10, 11, 12], ... ]
以下实例将3X4的矩阵列表转换为4X3列表:
>>> [[row[i] for row in matrix] for i in range(4)] [[1, 5, 9], [2, 6, 10], [3, 7, 11], [4, 8, 12]]
以下实例也可以使用以下方法来实现:
>>> transposed = [] >>> for i in range(4): ... transposed.append([row[i] for row in matrix]) ... >>> transposed [[1, 5, 9], [2, 6, 10], [3, 7, 11], [4, 8, 12]]
另外一种实现方法:
>>> transposed = [] >>> for i in range(4): ... # the following 3 lines implement the nested listcomp ... transposed_row = [] ... for row in matrix: ... transposed_row.append(row[i]) ... transposed.append(transposed_row) ... >>> transposed [[1, 5, 9], [2, 6, 10], [3, 7, 11], [4, 8, 12]]
del 语句
使用 del 语句可以从一个列表中依索引而不是值来删除一个元素。这与使用 pop() 返回一个值不同。可以用 del 语句从列表中删除一个切割,或清空整个列表(我们以前介绍的方法是给该切割赋一个空列表)。例如:
>>> a = [-1, 1, 66.25, 333, 333, 1234.5] >>> del a[0] >>> a [1, 66.25, 333, 333, 1234.5] >>> del a[2:4] >>> a [1, 66.25, 1234.5] >>> del a[:] >>> a []
也可以用 del 删除实体变量:
>>> del a