第四章分支循环

1，
if (3 < 5):   #加不加括号都可以
    print("我在里面")
    print("我也在里面")
print("我在外面")
if "小甲鱼" == "小姐姐":   #字符串直接判断
    print("小甲鱼是小姐姐")
else:
    print("小甲鱼不是小姐姐")
    
2， """ if、elif、while实现成绩分等级 """     #全靠缩进
temp = input("请输入成绩：")
score = int(temp)
while (score != -1) and (score != -2):   #加不加括号都可以
    if 0 <= score < 60:
        print("D")
    elif 60 <= score < 80:
        print("C")
    elif 80 <= score < 90:
        print("B")
    elif 90 <= score <= 100:
        print("A")
    else:
        print("请输入0~100之间的数字")   #用elif比用四个并列的if效率高
    temp = input("请输入成绩：")
    score = int(temp)
print("操作结束！")

3，"""条件表达式""" #把if else语句写在一行表示，方便嵌入
a = 3
b = 5
if a < b:
    small = a
else:
    small = b
print(small)
#用条件表达式实现
small = a if a < b else b
print(small)

4，score = 66
level = ('D' if 0 <= score <60 else
         'C' if 60 <= score < 80 else
         'B' if 80 <= score < 90 else
         'A' if 90 <= score <= 100 else
         "请输入1~100之间的分支")  #多行语句可以用括号,知道就好，还是并列的if elif 实用
print(level)
5,"""条件表达式""" #把if else语句写在一行表示，方便嵌入
a = 3
b = 5
if a < b:
    small = a
else:
    small = b
print(small)

6,"""用条件表达式实现"""
small = a if a < b else b  #不能写成：small = a if a < b else small = b
print(small)
temp = input("请输入成绩：")
score = int(temp)
while(score != -1) and (score != -2):
    
    level = ('D' if 0 <= score <60 else
             'C' if 60 <= score < 80 else
             'B' if 80 <= score < 90 else
             'A' if 90 <= score <= 100 else
             "请输入1~100之间的分支")  #多行语句可以用括号,知道就好，还是并列的if elif 实用
    print(level)
    temp = input("请输入成绩：")
    score = int(temp)
print("操作结束")

7,""" 分支结构的嵌套 """
age = 18
ismale = True
if age < 18:
    print("抱歉，未满18岁禁止入内")
else:
    if ismale:
        print("任君选购")
    else:
        print("抱歉，本店不适合小公举哦！")

8,"""循环结构:while , for,continue,break"""
"""while"""
love = "yes"
while love == "yes":
    love = input("今天你还爱我吗")
i = 1
sum = 0
while i <= 1000000:
    sum += i
    i += 1
print(sum)
"""break与continue"""
while True:
    answer = input("主人，我可以推出循环了吗？")
    if answer == "可以":
        break      #直接跳出while循环
    print("继续执行")
print("谢谢主人")

i = 0
while i < 10:
    i += 1
    if i % 2 == 0:
        continue    #continue 继续下一轮循环判断,不执行print(i)
    print(i)
"""while,break后不会执行后面的else"""
day = 1
while day <= 7:
    answer = input("今天打卡了吗？")
    if answer != "是":
        break     
    day += 1
else:                      #while相当于if，当while day <= 7条件成立时，
                           #不会执行else,只有到day > 7时,条件不成立，会执行else.
    print("您已经打卡七天了")
 """循环的嵌套打印乘法表"""
i = 1
while i <= 9:
    j = 1
    while(j <= i):
        print(j, "*", i, "=", i * j,end = " ")#设置一下end = " "表示不同式子之间用空格隔开
        j += 1
    print()                                   #表示打印一个换行
    i += 1
 """打印乘法表方法2"""
 for i in range(1,10):
     for j in range(1,i+1):
          print(j, "*", i ,"=",i * j,end = ' ')
     print()
"""break,continue 只能作用于一层循环"""
i = 1
j = 1
while i  <= 7:
    while j <= 7 :
        j += 1
        print("打印一次")
        if(j > 1):
            break
    i += 1
"""for循环"""  #格式：for A in B: A为迭代变量用于保存读出的值，B要迭代或遍历的对象
for each in "FishC":   #each 为迭代变量，FishC为要迭代的对象
    print(each)
i = 0
while i < len("FishC"):
    print("FishC"[i])
    i += 1
sum = 0
for i in 10000: #错误代码：TypeError: 'int' object is not iterable
                 #因为10000数字不可以做为"迭代对象"。可以是任何有序的“序列”对象：列表，元组，集合，字典和字符串
    sum += i
print(sum)
for i in range(1,10000,1):  #正确代码：range(起始数字start，结束数字end，步长step)
                            range三种用法：range(end),range(start,end),range(start,end,step)
                            注意：（1），不包括end所指的值即range(3,8)得到的值是3~7，range(10)=0~9
                                  （2），start 默认从0开始.
    sum += i
print(sum)
for i in range(2,10,2):
    print(i)
for i in range(10,0,-1):
    print(i)
9,"""判断一个数是不是素数:除了2和他本身不能被其他数整除"""
for n in range(2,10):
    for i in range(2,n):
        if n % i == 0:
            print(n,"=",i,"*",n / i)
            print(n,"不是一个素数")
            break
    else:                     #注意：此else与内层的for循环对应，for 也相当于if条件
        print(n,"是一个素数")