简单的贪吃蛇游戏实现

贪吃蛇功能实现：

(1)定义贪吃蛇游戏棋盘图

(2)初始化棋盘

(3)输出棋盘所在信息

(3)选择游戏难度

(4)随机产生食物

(5)更新游戏动态

(6)设置游戏相应的操作

(7)打印游戏结果

代码实现:

#include <windows.h>  
#include <stdlib.h>  
#include <conio.h>  
#include <time.h>  
#include <cstring>  
#include <cstdio>  
#include <iostream>   
using namespace std;
const int N = 32;	//定义贪吃蛇地图大小

//定义贪吃蛇的坐标类  
class SnakePosition
{
public:
	int x, y;      //x表示行，y表示列  

	void Initialize(int & j)//初始化坐标
	{
		x = 1;
		y = j;
	}
};

//定义贪吃蛇坐标类数组，有(N-2)*(N-2)个坐标  
SnakePosition position[(N - 2)*(N - 2) + 1]; 

class SnakeMap//定义贪吃蛇的游戏类
{
public:
	SnakeMap(int h = 4, int t = 1, int l = 4, char d = 77, int s = 0)	//构造
		: length(l)
		, direction(d)
		, head(h)
		, tail(t)
		, score(s)
	{}

	void Initialize()   //定义初始化函数，将贪吃蛇的棋盘图进行初始化
	{
		int i, j;
		for (i = 1; i <= 3; i++)
			s[1][i] = '*';
		s[1][4] = '#';
		for (i = 1; i <= N - 2; i++)
		for (j = 1; j <= N - 2; j++)
			s[i][j] = ' '; // 初始化贪吃蛇棋盘中间空白部分  
		for (i = 0; i <= N - 1; i++)
			s[0][i] = s[N - 1][i] = '-'; //初始化贪吃蛇棋盘上下墙壁  
		for (i = 1; i <= N - 2; i++)
			s[i][0] = s[i][N - 1] = '|'; //初始化贪吃蛇棋盘左右墙壁  
	}

	void ShowGame()		//输出贪吃蛇棋盘信息 
	{
		system("cls"); // 清屏  
		int i, j;
		cout << endl;
		for (i = 0; i<N; i++)
		{
			cout << '\t';
			for (j = 0; j<N; j++)
				cout << s[i][j] << ' '; // 输出贪吃蛇棋盘  
			if (i == 2)
				cout << "\t等级：" << grade;
			if (i == 6)
				cout << "\t速度：" << gamespeed;
			if (i == 10)
				cout << "\t得分：" << score << "分";
			if (i == 14)
				cout << "\t暂停：按一下空格键";
			if (i == 18)
				cout << "\t继续：按两下空格键";
			cout << endl;
		}
	}

	int UpdataGame()	//更新当前游戏进度
	{
		P p;
		p.x1 = 0;
		p.y1 = 0;
		int gameover = 1;
		int key = direction;
		long start = clock();
		while ((gameover = (clock() - start <= gamespeed)) && !_kbhit());
		//如果有键按下或时间超过自动前进时间间隔则终止循环  
		if (gameover)
		{
			_getch();
			//_getch()接受任意一个从键盘上输入的字符，
			//转化为对应的ASCII(不需要输入回车就可以接收)
			key = _getch();
		}
		if (key == ' ')
		{
			//按空格键暂停
			//按空格键继续的功能
			while (_getch() != ' ')
			{}
		}
		else
			direction = key;
		switch (direction)
		{
		case 72:// 向上  
			x = position[head].x - 1;
			y = position[head].y;
			break; 
		case 80:// 向下 
			x = position[head].x + 1;
			y = position[head].y;
			break;  
		case 75:// 向左
			x = position[head].x;
			y = position[head].y - 1;
			break;   
		case 77:// 向右
			x = position[head].x;
			y = position[head].y + 1;   
		}
		// 按键非方向键  
		if (!(direction == 72 || direction == 80 || direction == 75 || direction == 77))   
			gameover = 0;

		else if (x == 0 || x == N - 1 || y == 0 || y == N - 1)   // 碰到墙壁  
			gameover = 0;

		else if (s[x][y] != ' ' && !(x == p.x1 && y == p.y1))    // 蛇头碰到蛇身  
			gameover = 0;
		else if (x == p.x1 && y == p.y1)
		{
			// 吃到食物，长度加1  
			length++;
			if (length >= 8 && gameauto)
			{
				length -= 8;
				grade++;
				if (gamespeed >= 200)
					gamespeed -= 200; // 改变贪吃蛇前进速度  
				else
					gamespeed = 100;
			}
			s[x][y] = '#';  //更新蛇头  
			s[position[head].x][position[head].y] = '*'; //吃米后将原先蛇头变为蛇身  
			head = (head + 1) % ((N - 2)*(N - 2));   //取蛇头坐标  
			position[head].x = x;
			position[head].y = y;
			ShowGame();
			gameover = 1;
			score += grade * 20;  //加分  
			SetPoint();   //产生米  
		}
		else
		{
			// 不吃米  
			s[position[tail].x][position[tail].y] = ' ';//将蛇尾置空  
			tail = (tail + 1) % ((N - 2) * (N - 2));//更新蛇尾坐标  
			s[position[head].x][position[head].y] = '*';  //将蛇头更为蛇身  
			head = (head + 1) % ((N - 2) * (N - 2));
			position[head].x = x;
			position[head].y = y;
			s[position[head].x][position[head].y] = '#'; //更新蛇头  
			gameover = 1;
		}
		return gameover;
	}

	void SetPoint()//随机产生食物
	{
		P p;
		srand((unsigned int)time(0));	
		//设置rand()随机序列种子。对于给定的种子seed, rand()会反复产生特定的随机序列
		do
		{
			p.x1 = rand() % (N - 2) + 1;
			p.y1 = rand() % (N - 2) + 1;
		} while (s[p.x1][p.y1] != ' ');

		s[p.x1][p.y1] = '*';
	}

	void GetGrade()//选择游戏等级 
	{
		cin >> grade;
		while (grade>7 || grade<1)
		{
			cout << "请输入数字1-7选择等级，输入其他数字无效" << endl;
			cin >> grade;
		}
		switch (grade)
		{
		case 1:
			gamespeed = 1000;
			gameauto = 0;
			break;
		case 2:
			gamespeed = 800;
			gameauto = 0;
			break;
		case 3:
			gamespeed = 600;
			gameauto = 0;
			break;
		case 4:
			gamespeed = 400;
			gameauto = 0;
			break;
		case 5:
			gamespeed = 200;
			gameauto = 0;
			break;
		case 6:
			gamespeed = 100;
			gameauto = 0;
			break;
		case 7:
			grade = 1;
			gamespeed = 1000;
			gameauto = 1;
			break;
		}
	}

	void Display()//输出等级，得分情况以及称号  
	{
		cout << "\n\t\t\t\t等级：" << grade;
		cout << "\n\n\n\t\t\t\t速度：" << gamespeed;
		cout << "\n\n\n\t\t\t\t得分：" << score << "分";
	}

private:
	char s[N][N];//定义贪吃蛇棋盘，包括墙壁。  
	int grade, length;
	int gamespeed; //前进时间间隔  
	char direction; // 初始情况下，向右运动  
	int head, tail;
	int score;
	bool gameauto;
	struct P
	{
		int x1;
		int y1; // 随机出米  
	};
	int x, y;
}; 


int main()
{
	char ctn = 'y';
	int nodead = 1;
	cout << "\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t 欢迎进入贪吃蛇游戏!" << endl;//欢迎界面;  
	cout << "\n\n\n\t\t\t 按任意键马上开始。。。" << endl;//准备开始;;  
	_getch();
	while (ctn == 'y')
	{
		system("cls"); // 清屏  
		SnakeMap snake;
		snake.Initialize();
		cout << "\n\n请输入数字选择游戏等级：" << endl;
		cout << "\n\n\n\t\t\t1.等级一：速度 1000 \n\n\t\t\t2.等级二：速度 800\
				\n\n\t\t\t3.等级三：速度 600 \n\n\t\t\t4.等级四：速度 400\
				 \n\n\t\t\t5.等级五：速度 200 \n\n\t\t\t6.等级六：速度 100\
				 \n\n\t\t\t7.自动升级模式" << endl;
		snake.GetGrade();//获取等级  
		for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++)
		{
			position[i].Initialize(i);//初始化坐标  
		}
		snake.SetPoint();  // 产生第一个米  
		do
		{
			snake.ShowGame();
			nodead = snake.UpdataGame();
		} while (nodead);
		system("cls"); //清屏  
		cout << "\n\n\n\t\t\t\tGameover！\n\n" << endl;
		snake.Display();//输出等级/得分情况  
		cout << "\n\n\n\t\t    是否选择继续游戏？输入 y 继续，n 退出" << endl;
		cin >> ctn;
	}
	return 0;
}