从零开始学数据分析之——《笨办法学Python》（习题11-20）

习题11——提问

源代码：

print("How old are you?", end=' ')
age = input()
print("How tall are you?", end=' ')
height = input()
print("How much do you weight?", end=' ')
weight = input()

print(f"So, you're {age} old, {height} tall and {weight} heavy.")

运行结果：

How old are you? 30
How tall are you? 172cm
How much do you weight? 65kg
So, you're 30 old, 172cm tall and 65kg heavy.

习题12——提示别人

源代码：

age = input("How old are you? ")
height = input("How tall are you? ")
weight = input("How much do you weigh? ")

print(f"So, you're {age} old, {height} tall and {weight} heavy.")

运行结果：

How old are you? 30
How tall are you? 172cm
How much do you weigh? 65kg
So, you're 30 old, 172cm tall and 65kg heavy.

习题13——参数、解包和变量

源代码：

from sys import argv
# read the WYSS section for how to run this
script, first, second, third = argv

print("The script is called:", script)
print("Your first variable is:", first)
print("Your second variable is:", second)
print("Your third variable is:", third)

运行结果：

ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [8], in <cell line: 3>()
      1 from sys import argv
      2 # read the WYSS section for how to run this
----> 3 script, first, second, third = argv
      5 print("The script is called:", script)
      6 print("Your first variable is:", first)

ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 4, got 3)

注意需在终端运行并传入参数

习题14——提示和传递

源代码：

from sys import argv

script, user_name = argv
prompt = '> '

print(f"Hi {user_name}, I'm the {script} script.")
print("I'd like to ask you a few questions.")
print(f"Do you like me {user_name}?")
likes = input(prompt)

print(f"Where do you live {user_name}?")
lives = input(prompt)

print("What kind of computer do you have?")
computer = input(prompt)

print(f"""
Alright, so you said {likes} about liking me.
You live in {lives}. Not sure where that is.
And you have a {computer} computer. Nice.
""")

运行结果：

1deMacBook-Pro:data-python a1$ python test.py Ken

Hi Ken, I'm the test.py script.

I'd like to ask you a few questions.

Do you like me Ken?

> yes

Where do you live Ken?

> chengdu

What kind of computer do you have?

> macbookpro

Alright, so you said yes about liking me.

You live in chengdu. Not sure where that is.

And you have a macbookpro computer. Nice.

习题15——读取文件

源代码：

from sys import argv

script, filename = argv

txt = open(filename)

print(f"Here's your file {filename}:")
print(txt.read())

print("Type the filename again:")
file_again = input("> ")

txt_again = open(file_again)

print(txt_again.read())

运行结果：

1deMacBook-Pro:data-python a1$ python3 test.py 1.txt

Here's your file 1.txt:

This is stuff I typed into a file.

It is really cool stuff.

Lots and lots of fun to have in here.

Type the filename again:

> 1.txt

This is stuff I typed into a file.

It is really cool stuff.

Lots and lots of fun to have in here.

注：要在终端中运行，且需要提前创建好待打开的文件

习题16——读写文件

源代码：

from sys import argv

script, filename = argv

print(f"We're going to erase {filename}.")
print("If you don't want that, hit CTRL~C.")
print("If you do want that, hit RETURN.")

input("?")

print("Opening the file...")
target = open(filename,'w')

print("Truncating the file. Goodbye!")
target.truncate()

print("Now I'm going to ask you for three lines.")

line1 = input("line 1: ")
line2 = input("line 2: ")
line3 = input("line 3: ")

print("I'm going to write these to the file.")

target.write(line1)
target.write("\n")
target.write(line2)
target.write("\n")
target.write(line3)
target.write("\n")

print("And finally, we close it.")
target.close()

运行结果：

data-python a1$ python3 ex16.py test.txt

We're going to erase test.txt.

If you don't want that, hit CTRL~C.

If you do want that, hit RETURN.

?

Opening the file...

Truncating the file. Goodbye!

Now I'm going to ask you for three lines.

line 1: 1

line 2: 2

line 3: 3

I'm going to write these to the file.

And finally, we close it.

习题17——更多文件操作

源代码：

from sys import argv
from os.path import exists

script, from file, to_file = argv

print(f"Copying from {from_file} to {to_file}")

in_file = open(from_file)
indata = in_file.read()

print(f"The input file is {len(indata)} bytes long")

print(f"Dose the output file exists? {exists(to_file)}")
print("Ready, hit RETURN to continue, CTRL_C to abort.")
input()

out_file = open(to_file, 'w')
out_file.write(indata)

print("Alright, all done.")

out_file.close()
in_file.close()

运行结果：

data-python a1$ python3 ex17.py 2.txt test.txt

Copying from 2.txt to test.txt

The input file is 29 bytes long

Dose the output file exists? True

Ready, hit RETURN to continue, CTRL_C to abort.

习题18——命名、变量、代码和函数

源代码：

# this one is like your scripts with argv
def print_two(*args):
    arg1, arg2 = args
    print(f"arg1: {arg1}, arg2: {arg2}")

# ok, that *args is actually pointless, we can just do this
def print_two_again(arg1, arg2):
    print(f"arg1: {arg1}, arg2: {arg2}")
    
# this just takes one argument
def print_one(arg1):
    print(f"arg1: {arg1}")
    
# this one takes no arguments
def print_none():
    print("I got nothin'.")


print_two("Zed","Shaw")
print_two_again("Zed","Shaw")
print_one("First!")
print_none()

运行结果：

arg1: Zed, arg2: Shaw
arg1: Zed, arg2: Shaw
arg1: First!
I got nothin'.

习题19——函数和变量

源代码：

def cheese_and_crackers(cheese_count, boxes_of_crackers):
    print(f"You have {cheese_count} cheeses!")
    print(f"You hanve {boxes_of_crackers} boxes of crackers!")
    print("Man that's enough for a partty!")
    print("Get a blanker.\n")


print("We can just give the function numbers directly:")
cheese_and_crackers(20, 30)

print("OR, we can use variables from our script:")
amount_of_cheese = 10
amount_of_crackers = 50

cheese_and_crackers(amount_of_cheese, amount_of_crackers)


print("We can even do math inside too:")
cheese_and_crackers(10 + 20, 5 + 6)

print("And we can combine the two, variables and math:")
cheese_and_crackers(amount_of_cheese + 100, amount_of_crackers + 1000)

运行结果：

We can just give the function numbers directly:
You have 20 cheeses!
You hanve 30 boxes of crackers!
Man that's enough for a partty!
Get a blanker.

OR, we can use variables from our script:
You have 10 cheeses!
You hanve 50 boxes of crackers!
Man that's enough for a partty!
Get a blanker.

We can even do math inside too:
You have 30 cheeses!
You hanve 11 boxes of crackers!
Man that's enough for a partty!
Get a blanker.

And we can combine the two, variables and math:
You have 110 cheeses!
You hanve 1050 boxes of crackers!
Man that's enough for a partty!
Get a blanker.

习题20——函数和文件

源代码：

from sys import argv

script, input_file = argv

def print_all(f):
    print(f.read())
    
def rewind(f):
    f.seek(0)
    
def print_a_line(line_count, f):
    print(line_count, f.readline())

current_file = open(input_file)

print("First let's print the whole file:\n")

print_all(current_file)

print("Now let's rewind, kind of like a tape.")

rewind(current_file)

print("Let's print three lines:")

current_line = 1
print_a_line(current_line, current_file)

current_line = current_line + 1
print_a_line(current_line, current_file)

current_line = current_line + 1
print_a_line(current_line, current_file)

运行结果：

First let's print the whole file:

Hello

How are you

Fine thanks

Now let's rewind, kind of like a tape.

Let's print three lines:

1 Hello

2 How are you

3 Fine thanks