AQS理解之四—看看我们写的和 ReentrantLock 的公平不公平锁的区别

AQS理解之四，看看我们写的和 ReentrantLock 的公平不公平锁的区别

首先看下ReentrantLock的lock和unlock方法。

不公平锁版本lock方法

final void lock() {
        if (compareAndSetState(0, 1))
            setExclusiveOwnerThread(Thread.currentThread());
        else
            acquire(1);
}


public final void acquire(int arg) {
    if (!tryAcquire(arg) &&
        acquireQueued(addWaiter(Node.EXCLUSIVE), arg))
        selfInterrupt();
}

final boolean acquireQueued(final Node node, int arg) {
    boolean failed = true;
    try {
        boolean interrupted = false;
        for (;;) {
            final Node p = node.predecessor();
            if (p == head && tryAcquire(arg)) {
                setHead(node);
                p.next = null; // help GC
                failed = false;
                return interrupted;
            }
			//如果2次之后不能获取到锁，将自己的线程park，等待unlock时的unpark。
            if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) &&
                parkAndCheckInterrupt())
                interrupted = true;
        }
    } finally {
        if (failed)
            cancelAcquire(node);
    }
}


protected final boolean tryAcquire(int acquires) {
        return nonfairTryAcquire(acquires);
}

final boolean nonfairTryAcquire(int acquires) {
        final Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
        int c = getState();
        if (c == 0) {
            if (compareAndSetState(0, acquires)) {
                setExclusiveOwnerThread(current);
                return true;
            }
        }
        else if (current == getExclusiveOwnerThread()) {
            int nextc = c + acquires;
            if (nextc < 0) // overflow
                throw new Error("Maximum lock count exceeded");
            setState(nextc);
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

不公平锁版本/公平版本unLock方法

public final boolean release(int arg) {
    if (tryRelease(arg)) {
        Node h = head;
        if (h != null && h.waitStatus != 0)
            unparkSuccessor(h);
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

private void unparkSuccessor(Node node) {
    /*
     * If status is negative (i.e., possibly needing signal) try
     * to clear in anticipation of signalling.  It is OK if this
     * fails or if status is changed by waiting thread.
     */
    int ws = node.waitStatus;
    if (ws < 0)
        compareAndSetWaitStatus(node, ws, 0);

    /*
     * Thread to unpark is held in successor, which is normally
     * just the next node.  But if cancelled or apparently null,
     * traverse backwards from tail to find the actual
     * non-cancelled successor.
     */
    Node s = node.next;
    if (s == null || s.waitStatus > 0) {
        s = null;
        for (Node t = tail; t != null && t != node; t = t.prev)
            if (t.waitStatus <= 0)
                s = t;
    }
    if (s != null)
        LockSupport.unpark(s.thread);
}


protected final boolean tryRelease(int releases) {
        int c = getState() - releases;
        if (Thread.currentThread() != getExclusiveOwnerThread())
            throw new IllegalMonitorStateException();
        boolean free = false;
        if (c == 0) {
            free = true;
            setExclusiveOwnerThread(null);
        }
        setState(c);
        return free;
}

而公平锁的版本，基本上类似不公平版本，只有一点点不同。

公平锁的lock方法：

protected final boolean tryAcquire(int acquires) {
        final Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
        int c = getState();
        if (c == 0) {
			//!hasQueuedPredecessors() 这里的这个判断是公平锁和不公平锁的逻辑上唯一的不同。
            if (!hasQueuedPredecessors() &&
                compareAndSetState(0, acquires)) {
                setExclusiveOwnerThread(current);
                return true;
            }
        }
        else if (current == getExclusiveOwnerThread()) {
            int nextc = c + acquires;
            if (nextc < 0)
                throw new Error("Maximum lock count exceeded");
            setState(nextc);
            return true;
        }
        return false;
}
//其实是判断了当前head的next节点是否是当前线程，如果是当前线程才可以在state为0时拿到锁。否则继续阻塞。
public final boolean hasQueuedPredecessors() {
    // The correctness of this depends on head being initialized
    // before tail and on head.next being accurate if the current
    // thread is first in queue.
    Node t = tail; // Read fields in reverse initialization order
    Node h = head;
    Node s;
    return h != t &&
        ((s = h.next) == null || s.thread != Thread.currentThread());
}

总结

我们实现的锁和ReentrantLock基本相同，使用了state来代表是否有锁，0为无锁，1以上是重入锁的进入的次数。用一个exclusizeOwnerThread来代表当前持有锁的线程。自旋来实现阻塞等待，用链表来代表阻塞的线程的集合，链表上有用的第一个节点即持有公平锁要解锁的线程。不用的是我们不能使用Unsafe类，使用的是原子类变量，而这里ReentrantLock中使用了Unsafe类来操作。