前言
AIDL是一个缩写,全称是Android Interface Definition Language,翻译为Android接口定义语言。主要用于线程之间的通信,本文主要以不同应用之间使用AIDL通信为例介绍AIDL。
AIDL的使用按照AIDL文件类型分类,一种是序列化数据类,需要实现Parcelable,另一种是定义方法接口,以供系统使用来完成跨进程通信的。
AIDL默认支持JAVA的八种基本数据类型、String、CharSequence、List类型、Map类型。
简单Demo
应用一app:
MainActivity.java
package com.example.dpl.startservicefromanotherapp;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Intent intent;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
intent=new Intent(this,MyService.class);
startService(intent);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
intent=new Intent(this,MyService.class);
stopService(intent);
}
}
MyService.java
package com.example.dpl.startservicefromanotherapp;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
public class MyService extends Service {
public MyService() {
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
System.out.println("startService");
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
System.out.println("stopService");
}
}
另一个应用anotherApp
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnStart"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
android:text="开启另一个app的服务"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.383" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnStop"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
android:text="停止另一个 App服务"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnStart"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.204" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>
MainActivity.java
package com.example.anotherapp;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
private Intent anotherIntent;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
findViewById(R.id.btnStart).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.btnStop).setOnClickListener(this);
anotherIntent=new Intent();
//调用setComponent方法启动外部应用程序(获取ComponentName对象)
//ComponentName类中初始化外部应用的包名和类名
anotherIntent.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.example.dpl.startservicefroman" +
"otherapp","com.example.dpl.startservicefromanotherapp.MyService"));
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()){
case R.id.btnStart:
startService(anotherIntent);
break;
case R.id.btnStop:
stopService(anotherIntent);
break;
}
}
}
运行结果:
09-17 21:54:16.694 2160-2160/? I/System.out: startService
09-17 21:55:36.901 2160-2160/com.example.dpl.startservicefromanotherapp I/System.out: stopService
09-17 21:56:00.000 2160-2160/com.example.dpl.startservicefromanotherapp I/System.out: startService
09-17 21:56:12.384 2160-2160/com.example.dpl.startservicefromanotherapp I/System.out: stopService
09-17 22:27:34.129 2160-2160/com.example.dpl.startservicefromanotherapp I/System.out: startService
09-17 22:27:36.091 2160-2160/com.example.dpl.startservicefromanotherapp I/System.out: stopService