Object-C 学习笔记(十七)---Foundation之Dictionary

Dictonary 是由一个key-value来组成,key必须唯一,key是字符串对象,也可以是任意类型对象,value也是对象,字典里存放也必须是对象.

Dictonary跟Array的操作一样,分为不可变字典NSDictionary 与 可变字典 NSMutableDictonary.

常用操作看例子:

//
//  main.m
//  Foundation-Dictonary
//
//  Created by 5016 on 13-12-11.
//  Copyright (c) 2013年 dradon. All rights reserved.
//

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{

    @autoreleasepool {
        //不可变字典:NSDictonary 是由一个key-value来组成,key必须唯一,key是字符串对象,也可以是任意类型对象,value也是对象,字典里存放也必须是对象
        //1.以一个元素初始化
        NSDictionary *dic1 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:23] forKey:@"k1"];
        NSLog(@"dic1 = %@",dic1);
        
        //2.以多个元素初始化
        NSDictionary *dic2 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"value1",@"k1",@"value2",@"k2", @"value3",@"k3",@"value4",@"k4",@"value5",@"k5",nil];
        NSLog(@"dic2 = %@",dic2);
        
        //3.以已有的字典中初始化一个字典
        NSDictionary *dic3 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary:dic1];
         NSLog(@"dic3 = %@",dic3);
        
        //4.获取字典的数量
        NSInteger count = [dic2 count];
        NSLog(@"dic2的键值对有:%ld个",count);
        
        //5.获取某个key下得value
        NSString *str = [dic2 objectForKey:@"k3"];
        NSLog(@"str = %@",str);
        
        //6.获取字典的所有key和value
        NSArray *keyArray = [dic2 allKeys];
        NSArray *valueArray = [dic2 allValues];
        NSLog(@"keyArray=%@",keyArray);
        NSLog(@"valueArray = %@",valueArray);
        
        //7.利用key数组和value数组去初始化字典
        NSArray *vArray=@[@"v1",@"v2",@"v3"];
        NSArray *kArray=@[@"k1",@"k2",@"k3"];
        NSDictionary *dic4 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:vArray forKeys:kArray];
        NSLog(@"%@",dic4);
        
        /******************NSMutableDictionary***********************/
        //8.利用不可变字典去初始化可变字典
        NSMutableDictionary *mdic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:dic2];
        NSLog(@"midc = %@",mdic);
        
        //9.向可变字典追加整个字典
        [mdic addEntriesFromDictionary:dic1];
         NSLog(@"midc = %@",mdic);
        
        //10.追加新键值对
        [mdic setValue:@"dragon-yeah" forKey:@"myName"];
         NSLog(@"midc = %@",mdic);
        
        //11.初始化一个空可变字典
        NSMutableDictionary *mdic1 = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
        [mdic1 setDictionary:dic2];//添加字典
        NSLog(@"midc1 = %@",mdic1);
        
        //12,.根据key来删除字典对象
        [mdic removeObjectForKey:@"k3"];
         NSLog(@"midc = %@",mdic);
        
        //13.根据某个key数组来删除字典元素
        NSArray *keys =@[@"k2",@"k4"];
        [mdic1 removeObjectsForKeys:keys];
         NSLog(@"midc1 = %@",mdic1);
        
        //14.移除所有的对象
        [mdic1 removeAllObjects];
        NSLog(@"midc1 = %@",mdic1);
        
        //15.遍历字典
        NSDictionary *dic = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"value1",@"k1",@"value2",@"k2", @"value3",@"k3",@"value4",@"k4",@"value5",@"k5",nil];
        //常规方法
        NSArray *keys1 = [dic allKeys];
        NSInteger length = [keys1 count];
        for (int i = 0; i< length; i++) {
            id key = [keys1 objectAtIndex:i];//遍历出key
            id obj = [dic objectForKey:key];//遍历出value
            NSLog(@"元素:%@",obj);
        }
        //快速枚举
        for (id key in mdic) {
            NSLog(@"key-values:%@",[mdic objectForKey:key]);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}