使用Netty实现简单聊天室功能

    这篇博客主要读述使用netty实现简单的聊天室功能 ，当然真正的聊天功能绝对不会这么简单，说简单只是相对于JDK原生的NIO模型来说。理解这个demo你需要对NIO和Netty的流程有一定的了解。推荐可以去看一下《Scalable IO in JAVA》

话不多说，来看代码

Server端代码

package com.patrick.netty.chat;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

public class ChatServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
        EventLoopGroup workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
        try {

            bootstrap.group(bossGroup , workGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG , 1024)
                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            ch.pipeline()
                                    .addLast("encoder",new StringEncoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8))
                                    .addLast("decoder",new StringDecoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8))
                                    .addLast(new ChatServerHandler());
                        }
                    });
            System.out.println("---------聊天室服务器已启动-------------");
            ChannelFuture cf =  bootstrap.bind(9000).sync();
            cf.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            workGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }

    }
}





package com.patrick.netty.chat;

import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.channel.group.ChannelGroup;
import io.netty.channel.group.DefaultChannelGroup;
import io.netty.util.concurrent.GlobalEventExecutor;

public class ChatServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {

    private static ChannelGroup defaultChannels = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);

    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, String msg) throws Exception {
        Channel connectChannel = channelHandlerContext.channel();

        for (Channel defaultChannel : defaultChannels) {
            if (defaultChannel !=connectChannel) {
                defaultChannel.writeAndFlush("客户端"+connectChannel.remoteAddress()+"发送信息："+msg);
            }else{
                defaultChannel.writeAndFlush("服务端"+connectChannel.remoteAddress()+"通知："+msg);
            }
        }
        System.out.println("客户端" + connectChannel.remoteAddress() + "发送信息：" + msg);
    }

    /**
     * 监听客户端连接情况
     * @param ctx
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        Channel channel  = ctx.channel();
        channel.writeAndFlush("客户端"+channel.remoteAddress()+"已上线");
        defaultChannels.add(channel);
        System.out.println("客户端"+channel.remoteAddress()+"已上线");

        //向所有客户端通知上线信息
        for (Channel defaultChannel : defaultChannels) {
            if (defaultChannel !=channel) {
                defaultChannel.writeAndFlush("客户端"+channel.remoteAddress()+"已上线");
            }
        }


    }

    /**
     * 监听客户端断开情况
     * @param ctx
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        Channel channel  = ctx.channel();
        channel.writeAndFlush("客户端"+channel.remoteAddress()+"下线了");
        System.out.println("客户端"+channel.remoteAddress()+"下线了");
    }

    /**
     * 异常处理
     * @param ctx
     * @param cause
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        ctx.fireExceptionCaught(cause);
    }
}

Client端

package com.patrick.netty.chat;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

public class ChatClient {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
        try {
            bootstrap.group(group)  //设置线程组
                    .channel(NioSocketChannel.class) //采用NioSocketChannel作为客户端连接通道
                    .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel channel) throws Exception {
                            channel.pipeline()
                                    .addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8))
                                    .addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8))
                                    .addLast(new ChatClientHandler());
                        }
                    });

            System.out.println("------客户端已启动------");
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect("localhost", 9000).sync();
            //获取channel
            Channel channel = channelFuture.channel();
            //往channel中写数据
            for (; true; ) {
                BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                channel.writeAndFlush(bufferedReader.readLine() + "\r\n");
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }

    }
}




package com.patrick.netty.chat;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;

public class ChatClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {

    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, String msg) throws Exception {
        System.out.println(msg);

    }
    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }
}