Android入门封装一个HTTP请求的辅助类

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-25 04:49:57 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-25 04:49:57 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/dtijcfrhb/article/details/84068203

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前面的文章中，我们曾经实现了一个HTTP的GET 和 POST 请求；

此处我封装了一个HTTP的get和post的辅助类，能够更好的使用；

类名：HttpRequestUtil

提供了如下功能：

(1)模拟GET请求；

(2)模拟POST请求；

(3)模拟文件上传请求；

(4)发送XML数据；

发送GET请求

(1)public static URLConnection sendGetRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)

参数：

(1)url：单纯的URL，不带任何参数；

(2)params：参数；

(3)headers：需要设置的HTTP请求头；

HttpURLConnection

发送POST请求

(2)public static URLConnection sendPostRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)

参数：

(1)url：单纯的URL，不带任何参数；

(2)params：参数；

(3)headers：需要设置的HTTP请求头；

HttpURLConnection

文件上传

(3)public static boolean uploadFiles(String url, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files)

参数：

(1)url：单纯URL

(2)params：参数；

(3)files：多个文件

返回：是否上传成功

(4)public static boolean uploadFile(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file)

参数：

(1)url：单纯URL

(2)params：参数；

(3)file：一个文件

返回：是否上传成功

发送XML数据

(5)public static byte[] postXml(String url, String xml, String encoding)

参数：

(1)url：单纯URL

(2)xml：XML数据

(3)XML数据编码

对于上传文件，FormFile的构造函数声明如下：

(1)public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType)

参数：

(1)filname：文件的名称

(2)data：文件的数据

(3)parameterName：HTML的文件上传控件的参数的名字

(4)contentType：文件类型，比如text/plain为txt

(2)public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType)

参数：

(1)filname：文件的名称

(2)file：文件名

(3)parameterName：HTML的文件上传控件的参数的名字

(4)contentType：文件类型，比如text/plain为txt

FormFile.java

package com.xiazdong.netword.http.util;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.InputStream;/** * 上传文件 */public class FormFile { /* 上传文件的数据 */ private byte[] data; private InputStream inStream; private File file; /* 文件名称 */ private String filname; /* 请求参数名称*/ private String parameterName; /* 内容类型 */ private String contentType = "application/octet-stream";  /**  * 此函数用来传输小文件  * @param filname  * @param data  * @param parameterName  * @param contentType  */ public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType) {  this.data = data;  this.filname = filname;  this.parameterName = parameterName;  if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType; } /**  * 此函数用来传输大文件  * @param filname  * @param file  * @param parameterName  * @param contentType  */ public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType) {  this.filname = filname;  this.parameterName = parameterName;  this.file = file;  try {   this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file);  } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {   e.printStackTrace();  }  if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType; }  public File getFile() {  return file; } public InputStream getInStream() {  return inStream; } public byte[] getData() {  return data; } public String getFilname() {  return filname; } public void setFilname(String filname) {  this.filname = filname; } public String getParameterName() {  return parameterName; } public void setParameterName(String parameterName) {  this.parameterName = parameterName; } public String getContentType() {  return contentType; } public void setContentType(String contentType) {  this.contentType = contentType; } }

HttpRequestUtil.java

package com.xiazdong.netword.http.util;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.InetAddress;import java.net.Socket;import java.net.URL;import java.net.URLConnection;import java.net.URLEncoder;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Map.Entry;import java.util.Set;/* * 此类用来发送HTTP请求 * */public class HttpRequestUtil { /**  * 发送GET请求  * @param url  * @param params  * @param headers  * @return  * @throws Exception  */ public static URLConnection sendGetRequest(String url,   Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)   throws Exception {  StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(url);  Set<Entry<String, String>> entrys = null;  // 如果是GET请求，则请求参数在URL中  if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {   buf.append("?");   entrys = params.entrySet();   for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {    buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")      .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"))      .append("&");   }   buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length() - 1);  }  URL url1 = new URL(buf.toString());  HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();  conn.setRequestMethod("GET");  // 设置请求头  if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {   entrys = headers.entrySet();   for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {    conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());   }  }  conn.getResponseCode();  return conn; } /**  * 发送POST请求  * @param url   * @param params  * @param headers  * @return   * @throws Exception  */ public static URLConnection sendPostRequest(String url,   Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)   throws Exception {  StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();  Set<Entry<String, String>> entrys = null;  // 如果存在参数，则放在HTTP请求体，形如name=aaa&age=10  if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {   entrys = params.entrySet();   for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {    buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")      .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"))      .append("&");   }   buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length() - 1);  }  URL url1 = new URL(url);  HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();  conn.setRequestMethod("POST");  conn.setDoOutput(true);  OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();  out.write(buf.toString().getBytes("UTF-8"));  if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {   entrys = headers.entrySet();   for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {    conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());   }  }  conn.getResponseCode(); // 为了发送成功  return conn; } /**  * 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能:  *   <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">   <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name">   <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id">   <input type="file" name="imagefile"/>      <input type="file" name="zip"/>   </FORM>  * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)  * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值  * @param file 上传文件  */ public static boolean uploadFiles(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception{             final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; //数据分隔线        final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n";//数据结束标志                int fileDataLength = 0;        if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){         for(FormFile uploadFile : files){//得到文件类型数据的总长度          StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder();           fileExplain.append("--");           fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);           fileExplain.append("\r\n");           fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");           fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");           fileExplain.append("\r\n");           fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();          if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){           fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();        }else{         fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;        }         }        }        StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder();        if(params!=null&&!params.isEmpty()){         for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {//构造文本类型参数的实体数据             textEntity.append("--");             textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);             textEntity.append("\r\n");             textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""+ entry.getKey() + "\"\r\n\r\n");             textEntity.append(entry.getValue());             textEntity.append("\r\n");         }        }        //计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度        int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength +  endline.getBytes().length;                URL url = new URL(path);        int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort();        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);                OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();        //下面完成HTTP请求头的发送        String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1\r\n";        outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());        String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*\r\n";        outStream.write(accept.getBytes());        String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN\r\n";        outStream.write(language.getBytes());        String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "\r\n";        outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());        String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "\r\n";        outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());        String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n";        outStream.write(alive.getBytes());        String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"\r\n";        outStream.write(host.getBytes());        //写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行        outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());        //把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来        outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());                //把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来        if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){         for(FormFile uploadFile : files){          StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder();           fileEntity.append("--");           fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);           fileEntity.append("\r\n");           fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");           fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");           outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());           if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];            int len = 0;            while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1){             outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);            }            uploadFile.getInStream().close();           }else{            outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length);           }           outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());         }        }        //下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束        outStream.write(endline.getBytes());        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));        if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){//读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败         return false;        }        outStream.flush();        outStream.close();        reader.close();        socket.close();        return true; } /**  * 提交数据到服务器  * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)  * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值  * @param file 上传文件  */ public static boolean uploadFile(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception{    return uploadFiles(path, params, new FormFile[]{file}); } /**  * 将输入流转为字节数组  * @param inStream  * @return  * @throws Exception  */ public static byte[] read2Byte(InputStream inStream)throws Exception{  ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();  byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];  int len = 0;  while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){   outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);  }  outSteam.close();  inStream.close();  return outSteam.toByteArray(); } /**  * 将输入流转为字符串  * @param inStream  * @return  * @throws Exception  */ public static String read2String(InputStream inStream)throws Exception{  ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();  byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];  int len = 0;  while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){   outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);  }  outSteam.close();  inStream.close();  return new String(outSteam.toByteArray(),"UTF-8"); } /**  * 发送xml数据  * @param path 请求地址  * @param xml xml数据  * @param encoding 编码  * @return  * @throws Exception  */ public static byte[] postXml(String path, String xml, String encoding) throws Exception{  byte[] data = xml.getBytes(encoding);  URL url = new URL(path);  HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();  conn.setRequestMethod("POST");  conn.setDoOutput(true);  conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset="+ encoding);  conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));  conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);  OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();  outStream.write(data);  outStream.flush();  outStream.close();  if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){   return read2Byte(conn.getInputStream());  }  return null; } //测试函数 public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {  Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();  params.put("name", "xiazdong");  params.put("age", "10");  HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) HttpRequestUtil    .sendGetRequest(      "http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/PrintServlet",      params, null);  int code = conn.getResponseCode();  InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();  byte[]data = read2Byte(in); }}

测试代码：

Map<String,String> params = new HashMap<String,String>();params.put("name", name.getText().toString());params.put("age", age.getText().toString());HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) HttpRequestUtil.sendGetRequest("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/PrintServlet", params, null);

文件上传测试代码：

FormFile formFile = new FormFile(file.getName(), file, "document", "text/plain");boolean isSuccess = HttpRequestUtil.uploadFile("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/FileServlet", null, formFile);

简单了很多，对吧？