error: cannot convert ‘DerivedClass*‘ to ‘BaseClass*‘ in initialization（不能转换*到*在初始化)

错误代码：

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class BaseClass
{
public:
    BaseClass(){cout<<"BaseClass constructor "<<endl;}
    void fn1(){cout<<"Base1"<<endl;}
    void fn2(){cout<<"Base2"<<endl;}
    ~BaseClass(){cout<<"BaseClass destructor"<<endl;}
};
class DerivedClass
{
public:
    DerivedClass(){cout<<" DerivedClass constructor"<<endl;}
    void fn1(){cout<<"DerivedClass 1"<<endl;}
    void fn2(){cout<<"DerivedClass 2"<<endl;}
    ~DerivedClass(){cout<<"DerivedClass destructor"<<endl;}
};
int main()
{
    DerivedClass d;
    DerivedClass *dd=&d;
    BaseClass *b=&d;     //出现编译错误？
    d.fn1();d.fn2();
    dd->fn1();dd->fn2();
    b->fn1();b->fn2();
    return 0;
}

在下面的代码中也有同样的错误（与答案一致，但在编译中出错）

而下面的代码则运行结果一切正常：

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Base1     //声明基类Base1
{
public:
    virtual void display()const;  //将虚函数display（）声明为const型函数
};
void Base1::display() const
{
    cout<<"Base1::display()"<<endl;
}
class Base2:public Base1{     //声明直接基类Base2
public:
    void display()const;
};
void Base2::display() const
{
    cout<<"Base2::display"<<endl;
}
class Derived:public Base2{     //声明派生类Derived
public:
    void display()const;
};
void Derived::display() const
{
    cout<<"Base3::display"<<endl;
}
void fun(Base1 *ptr)    //使用基类的指针调用虚函数
{
    ptr->display();
}
int main()
{
    Base1 base1;
    Base2 base2;
    Derived derived;
    fun(&base1);   //用Base1对象的指针调用fun函数
    fun(&base2);   //用Base2对象的指针调用fun函数
    fun(&derived); //用Derived对象的指针调用fun函数
    return 0;
}

运行结果：

emmm，然后发现是由于忘声明了继承与派生关系