经典编程900例（c语言）（第二十一篇）

例245：平方根计算函数sqrt()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    double value;

    // sqrt平方根计算
    for (value = 0.0; value < 10.0; value += 0.1)
        printf("Value %f sqrt %f\n", value, sqrt(value));
    
    return 0;
}

例246：C语言处理数学函数异常

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    printf("Sqrt of -1 is %f\n", sqrt(-1.0));
    return 0;
}

// 根据异常代码输出对应提示
// Turbo C/C++ 和 Borland C++兼容
int matherr(struct exception *error)
{
    switch (error->type)
    {
        case DOMAIN:
            printf("Domain error\n");
            break;
        case PLOSS:
            printf("Partial precision loss error\n");
            break;
        case OVERFLOW:
            printf("Overflow error\n");
            break;
        case SING:
            printf("Error in singularity\n");
            break;
        case TLOSS:
            printf("Total precision loss error\n");
            break;
        case UNDERFLOW:
            printf("Underflow error\n");
            break;
    };
    printf("Error occurred in %s values %f\n", error->name, error->arg1);
    error->retval = 1;
    
    return(1);
}

例247：C语言的随机函数

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    int i;

    printf("Values from rand\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 100; i++)
        printf("%d ", rand());

    printf("Values from random(100))\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 100; i++)
    	// random函数c标准库现在已不支持
        printf("%d ", random(100));
    
    return 0;
}

例248：使用随机函数进行计算

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    int i;

    printf("Values in the range 0.0 through 1.0\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        printf("%f\n", rand() / 32767.0);

    /*
    printf("Values in the range -5 to 5\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        printf("%d\n", random(10) - 5);
    */
    return 0;
}

例249：控制随机数的生成

#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    int i;

    // srand初始化随机数发生器
    srand(100);
    printf("Values from rand\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        // rand返回产生随机数
        printf("%d ", rand());

    printf("\nSame 5 numbers\n");
    srand(100);
    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        printf("%d ", rand());

    // randomize不是一个C语言标准库函数,只能在win32环境中使用
    // randomize();
    printf("\nDifferent 5 numbers\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        printf("%d ", rand());

    return 0;
}

例250：计算反三角函数asin()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    double radians;

    for (radians = -0.5; radians <= 0.5; radians += 0.2)
        printf("%f %f\n", radians, asin(radians));
    
    return 0;
}

例251：计算反三角函数acos()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    double radians;

    for (radians = -0.5; radians <= 0.5; radians += 0.2)
        printf("%f %f\n", radians, acos(radians));
    
    return 0;
}

例252：计算反三角函数atan()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    double radians;

    for (radians = -0.5; radians <= 0.5; radians += 0.2)
        printf("%f %f\n", radians, atan(radians));
    
    return 0;
}

例253：计算复数的绝对值

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    struct complex complex_number;

    complex_number.x = 10;
    complex_number.y = 5;

    printf("Absolute value of 10,5 is %f\n", cabs(complex_number));
    return 0;
}

例254：计算双曲函数cosh()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    double radians;

    for (radians = -0.5; radians <= 0.5; radians += 0.2)
        printf("%f %f\n", radians, cosh(radians));
    
    return 0;
}

例255：计算余数函数fmod()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    double numerator = 10.0;
    double denominator = 3.0;

    // double fmod(x, y) 返回 x 除以 y 的余数
    printf("fmod(10, 3) is %f\n", fmod(numerator, denominator));
    
    return 0;
}

例256：向上取整函数ceil()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    // ceil(x)返回大于或者等于x的最小整数
    printf("The value %f ceil %f\n", 1.9, ceil(1.9)); // The value 1.900000 ceil 2.000000
    printf("The value %f ceil %f\n", 2.1, ceil(2.1)); // The value 2.100000 ceil 3.000000
    
    return 0;
}

例257：计算双曲正弦函数sinh()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    double radians;
    double result;

    for (radians = 0.0; radians < 3.1; radians += 0.1)
        // 确定函数的结果可以表示为浮点数
        // HUGE_VAL、ERANGE都是库函数中定义的宏
        if (((result = sinh(radians)) == HUGE_VAL) && (errno == ERANGE))
            printf("Overflow error\n");
        else
            printf("Sine of %f is %f\n", radians, result);
        
    return 0;
}