改变进程名(change the process name or title)

BSD 中可以用 setproctitle() system call 改变进程名，但是 Linux 没有这样的 system call.

当用 ps or top查看时能看到改变之后的进程名。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <sys/user.h>

extern char **environ;

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{   
	char proc_pid_cmdline_path[PATH_MAX];	// PATH_MAX = 4096
	char proctitle[PAGE_SIZE];				// PAGE_SIZE = 1UL << 12, 即 2^12 = 4k
	FILE *proc_pid_cmdline = NULL;			// /proc/<pid>/cmdline
	pid_t pid;
	int envlen, envsize, size, i;
	char *tmp = NULL;

	/* get file path */
	pid = getpid();
	sprintf(proc_pid_cmdline_path, "/proc/%d/cmdline", pid);

	/* get process title(name) */
	proc_pid_cmdline =  fopen(proc_pid_cmdline_path, "r");
	fgets(proctitle, PAGE_SIZE, proc_pid_cmdline);
	fclose(proc_pid_cmdline);

	printf("%s : %s\nHOME = %s\n", proc_pid_cmdline_path, proctitle, getenv("HOME"));

	/* get environ list length */
	envlen = -1;
	while (environ[++envlen])
	{
		envsize += strlen(environ[envlen]);
	};

	/**
	 * size of environ list + size of argv list
	 * environ[0] list is just after argv[0]
	 */
	if (envlen > 0)
	{
//		printf("environ[0] - argv[0]: %d\n", environ[0] - argv[0]);
		envsize = environ[envlen-1] + strlen(environ[envlen-1]) - argv[0];
	}
	else
	{
		envsize = argv[argc-1] + strlen(argv[argc-1]) - argv[0];
	}
//	printf("size: %d\n", size);

	tmp = (char *) malloc(envsize);

	/* copy environ list to a new area */
	for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
	{
		size = strlen(environ[i]) + 1;
		memcpy(tmp, environ[i], size);
		environ[i] = tmp;
		tmp = environ[i] + size;
	}

	/**
	 * now, the command line argument list can use the space of the old environ list
	 */
	tmp = argv[0];
	memset(tmp, '\0', envsize);
	snprintf(tmp, envsize - 1, "This is a new title and it should be definetely longer than initial one. Actually we can write %d bytes long string to the title. Well, it works!", envsize);

	proc_pid_cmdline =  fopen(proc_pid_cmdline_path, "r");
	fgets(proctitle, PAGE_SIZE, proc_pid_cmdline);
	fclose(proc_pid_cmdline);

	printf("%s : %s\nHOME = %s\n", proc_pid_cmdline_path, proctitle, getenv("HOME"));
	sleep(10);

	return 0;
}
/*
$ ./a.out
/proc/11100/cmdline : ./a.out
HOME = /home/hwx
/proc/11100/cmdline : This is a new title and it should be definetely longer than initial one. Actually we can write 2763 bytes long string to the title. Well, it works!
HOME = /home/hwx

$ ps aux
hwx      11200  0.0  0.0   1972   472 pts/1    S+   15:37   0:00 This is a new title and it should be definetely longer than initial one. Actually we can write 2763 bytes
*/

References

http://stupefydeveloper.blogspot.com/2008/10/linux-change-process-name.html

关于 command line arguments 和 environment variables 在内存中的布局见 TLPI