使用简单的反射以及简单工厂模式实现四则运算

刚看完《大话设计模式》第一章，上面使用简单工厂模式实现了四则运算，本文将改用java语言以及利用反射加简单工厂模式实现两个数的四则运算

1 首先给出四则运算的抽象父类

/**
 * 
 * @author MAY
 *
 */
abstract class AbstractOperation{
	private double numberA;
	private double numberB;
	
	public double getNumberA() {
		return numberA;
	}

	public void setNumberA(double numberA) {
		this.numberA = numberA;
	}

	public double getNumberB() {
		return numberB;
	}

	public void setNumberB(double numberB) {
		this.numberB = numberB;
	}

	abstract double getResult();	
}

2 给出四则运算的子类，覆写getResult()方法

public class OperationAdd extends AbstractOperation {

	@Override
	double getResult() {
		return this.getNumberA()+this.getNumberB();
	}	
}

public class OperationSubstract  extends AbstractOperation{

	@Override
	double getResult() {
		return this.getNumberA()-this.getNumberB();
	}
}

public class OperationMultiply extends AbstractOperation {

	@Override
	double getResult() {
		return this.getNumberA() * this.getNumberB();
	}
}

public class OperationDivide extends AbstractOperation{

	@Override
	double getResult() {
		return this.getNumberA()/this.getNumberB();
	}
}

3 写出计算类

import java.util.Scanner;
/**
 * 
 * @author MAY
 *
 */

public class Caculator {
	public static double caculate() throws Exception {
		System.out.println("输入表达式，以空格分隔：");
		Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
		String formula = scan.nextLine();
		scan.close();
		String[] results = StringProcess.Process(formula);
		return Compute.Computor(results[0],results[1],results[2]);
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		System.out.println(caculate());
	}
}

class Compute{
	public static double  Computor(String numberA,String operation,String numberB) throws Exception {
		AbstractOperation abstractOperation =  Factory.getNewInstance(operation);//通过工厂获取运算子类实例，并通过父类接收，实现多态
		abstractOperation.setNumberA(Double.parseDouble(numberA));
		abstractOperation.setNumberB(Double.parseDouble(numberB));
		return abstractOperation.getResult();
	}
}

4 写出工厂类

public class Factory {
	public static AbstractOperation getNewInstance(String operation) throws Exception {
		String  className = null;
		switch(operation) {
		case "+": className = "cn.dw.OperationAdd";break;
		case "-": className = "cn.dw.OperationSubstract";break;
		case "*": className = "cn.dw.OperationMultiply";break;
		case "/": className = "cn.dw.OperationDivide";break;
		}
		return  (AbstractOperation) Class.forName(className).newInstance(); //通过反射获取当前运算子类的实例化对象
	}
}

5 写出输入处理类

这里只是简单讲输入进行限制和处理，更加的复杂的正则处理和鲁棒处理就不写了

public class StringProcess {
	public static String[] Process(String formula) {
		String regex = "[\\s]+";
		String[] result = formula.trim().split(regex);
		return result;
	}	
}

6总结

通过一个简单的工厂模式和反射，以高内聚，低耦合为目标，实现了java的封装、继承和多态，且易于扩展。
比如我们想加入一个新的运算，则只需要写出新的计算子类，以及在工厂类中加入相应的case语句，获取新的子类实例即可。